基督新教的路德宗和归正宗有什么区别? 基督教路德宗与加尔文宗有哪些区别?
\u57fa\u7763\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u548c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u662f\u65b0\u6559\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7(Martin Luther 1483-1546)\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5404\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\u56e0\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03"\u56e0\u4fe1\u79f0\u4e49"\u7684\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u6545\u4ea6\u79f0\u4fe1\u4e49\u5b97\u3002
\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u662f\u5728\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u53d1\u52a8\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u540e\u5728\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u30021546\u5e74\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u5176\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u5185\u90e8\u66fe\u5728\u6559\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u957f\u671f\u4e89\u8bba\u30021580\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u300a\u5965\u683c\u65af\u5821\u4fe1\u7eb2\u300b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e94\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff0c86\u4e2a\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u90a6\u7acb\u6559\u4f1a\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u7ea68000\u540d\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u7267\u5e08\u7b7e\u7f72\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5c06\u300a\u5965\u683c\u65af\u5821\u4fe1\u7eb2\u300b\u540c\u300a\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fe1\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u4fe1\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e9a\u5927\u7eb3\u897f\u4fe1\u7ecf\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u6559\u7406\u95ee\u7b54\u300b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u6587\u732e\u4e00\u8d77\u7f16\u6210\u7684\u300a\u534f\u540c\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u6559\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e89\u65b9\u544a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u65b0\u6559\u548c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u5e76\u672a\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u917f\u6210\u4e861618-1648\u5e74\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u5f88\u5feb\u8513\u5ef6\u6210\u4e00\u573a\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u6218\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u4f10\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0e\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u6559\u4f1a\u4ece\u6b64\u786e\u7acb\u3002
\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u5728\u6559\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u56e0\u4fe1\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u62ef\u6551\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u9075\u5b88\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u89c4\u6761\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff1b\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u6216\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\u6069\u8d50\u3002\u4eba\u56e0\u7740\u4fe1\u88ab\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e49\u4eba\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u90fd\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u7948\u7977\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51e1\u4fe1\u5f92\u7686\u53ef\u4e3a\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u5404\u7ea7\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u4e3a\u4e2d\u4ecb\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u5f3a\u8c03\u5723\u7ecf\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u51e1\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u793c\u4eea\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u5c4f\u5f03\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4e03\u9879\u5723\u4e8b\uff0c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u6d17\u793c\u548c\u5723\u9910\u4e24\u9879\uff0c\u793c\u62dc\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u7740\u91cd\u8bb2\u9053\u548c\u5531\u8d5e\u7f8e\u8bd7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u6551\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u6545\u4e3b\u6559\u5236\u3001\u957f\u8001\u5236\u548c\u516c\u7406\u5236\u90fd\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u7531\u5404\u5730\u6559\u4f1a\u81ea\u884c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002
\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u5317\u6b27\u8bf8\u56fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5fb7\u56fd\u7ea6\u5360\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\uff0c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u52bf\u529b\u4e5f\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u5728\u4e9a\u3001\u975e\u3001\u62c9\u7f8e\u5730\u533a\u4e5f\u6709\u8be5\u5b97\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002
\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u662f\u65b0\u6559\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5c14\u6587(Jean Calvin 1509-1564)\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4ea6\u79f0\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u5b97\uff0c"\u5f52\u6b63"\u4e3a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6539\u9769\u590d\u5f52\u6b63\u786e\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cc\uff0c\u8be5\u5b97\u56e0\u5176\u6559\u653f\u7279\u70b9\u53c8\u79f0\u957f\u8001\u5b97\u3002\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e16\u4e16\u7eaa\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b89\u7acb\u7518\u5b97\u548c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u5e76\u79f0\u65b0\u6559\u4e09\u5927\u4e3b\u6d41\u6d3e\u522b\u3002
16\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u9886\u8896\u529b\u56fe\u4ee5\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u4e3a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u30021519\u5e74\uff0c\u8328\u6e29\u5229(Ulrich Zwingli 1484-1531)\u5728\u82cf\u9ece\u4e16\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u5965\u79d1\u5170\u5e15\u8fea\u4e4c\u7b49\u56e0\u5723\u9910\u793c\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u57281529\u5e74\u7684\u9a6c\u5821\u4f1a\u8c08\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u9042\u4e0e\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u4f53\u5236\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u5b97\u6559\u9886\u8896\u5e03\u585e\u5c14\u4e3b\u5f20\u7531\u4f1a\u4f17\u63a8\u9009\u957f\u8001\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u7267\u5e08\u7ba1\u7406\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u957f\u8001\u5236\u4e4b\u59cb\u30021553\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u5728\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u5176\u5728\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5728\u6559\u4e49\u3001\u6559\u653f\u548c\u6559\u89c4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bfb\u672c\u3002
\u6559\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5f3a\u8c03\u56e0\u4fe1\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fe1\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u7763\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6069\u5178--\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d66\u7f6a\u7684\u7231\u3002\u4f20\u64ad\u795e\u6069\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u5723\u7ecf\u5373\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u4fe1\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u53cc\u9884\u5b9a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u6551\u6216\u88ab\u5f03\u7edd\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9884\u5b9a\uff1b\u5355\u9884\u5b9a\u8bf4\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9884\u5b9a\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u6551\u3002\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5728\u8377\u5170\u7684\u963f\u660e\u5c3c\u4e4c\u6d3e\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u6551\u4e0e\u5426\u4ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u53d7\u6551\u8d4e\u800c\u6539\u6076\u4ece\u5584\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u4e86\u9884\u5b9a\u8bf4\u3002\u8be5\u6d3e\u540e\u6765\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u3002\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5f3a\u8c03\u5723\u7ecf\u6743\u5a01\u81f3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e94\u636e\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u5207\u4f20\u7edf\uff1b\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u65e0\u9650\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5d07\u62dc\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u8a00\uff0c\u5c4f\u5f03\u796d\u53f0\u3001\u5723\u50cf\u548c\u796d\u793c\uff0c\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u5723\u9910\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u771f\u4f53\u548c\u8840\uff0c\u53ea\u627f\u8ba4\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8036\u7a23\u4f53\u8840\u7684\u5fb7\u80fd\u3002\u8be5\u5b97\u8fd8\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bb2\u9053\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u7267\u5e08\u548c\u4fe1\u5f92\u6559\u80b2\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u6559\u4f1a\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u6781\u91cd\u89c6\u6559\u89c4\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u957f\u8001\u76d1\u7763\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u91cc\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u9009\u51fa\u957f\u8001\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u7531\u7267\u5e08\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u4f1a\u5802\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u5730\u533a\u4e00\u7ea7\uff0c\u7531\u7267\u5e08\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u5404\u4f1a\u5802\u7684\u957f\u8001\u7ec4\u6210\u533a\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002
\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u745e\u58eb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u9010\u6e10\u5411\u5916\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4f20\u5165\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u4f20\u5165\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u79f0\u80e1\u683c\u8bfa\u6d3e\uff0c1559\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u6d3e\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5404\u7ea7\u957f\u8001\u5236\u673a\u6784\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4e0e\u5c3c\u5fb7\u5170\u9769\u547d\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u8377\u5170\u56fd\u6559\u3002\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u516d\u4e16\u65f6\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4f20\u5165\u82f1\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5728\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u957f\u8001\u6d3e\u4e0e\u72ec\u7acb\u6d3e\u30021637\u5e74\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5728\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u957f\u8001\u5236\u300216\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u4f20\u5165\u6ce2\u5170\u300216\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u523017\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u548c\u7279\u5170\u897f\u74e6\u5c3c\u4e9a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f52\u6b63\u6559\u4f1a\u300217-18\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u7f8e\u5404\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u83b7\u5f97\u6cd5\u5f8b\u627f\u8ba4\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u9664\u745e\u58eb\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u7cfb\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5219\u4e3a\u56fd\u6559\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u4e60\u4fd7\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u5747\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u5927\u89c9\u9192\u8fd0\u52a8\u5219\u4f7f\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u826f\u300219-20\u4e16\u7eaa\u662f\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5206\u88c2\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u5f52\u6b63\u5b97\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u548c\u793c\u4eea\u7684\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7b49\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\uff08Lutheranism\uff09\u662f\u4ee5\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5404\u6559\u4f1a\u56e2\u4f53\u4e4b\u7edf\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u6559\u4e49\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3a\u201c\u56e0\u4fe1\u79f0\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u79f0\u4fe1\u4e49\u5b97\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u7531\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u4e8e1529\u5e74\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u57fa\u7763\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5176\u4fe1\u5f92\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u745e\u5178\u3001\u4e39\u9ea6\u3001\u632a\u5a01\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\uff08100\u591a\u4e2a\uff09\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5171\u6709427\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u7ea66840\u4e07\u4eba\u3002
\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u5b97\uff08\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u6559\uff0cCalvinism\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u201c\u5f52\u6b63\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u201d\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aReformed Christianity\uff09\u3001\u201c\u5f52\u6b63\u4fe1\u4ef0\u201d\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aReformed faith\uff09\u3001\u201c\u5f52\u6b63\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aReformed tradition\uff09\u6216\u201c\u5f52\u6b63\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u201d\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aReformed Churches\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6cdb\u6307\u5b8c\u5168\u9075\u5b88\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u300a\u5f52\u6b63\u795e\u5b66\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u957f\u8001\u5236\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u540e\u671f\u878d\u5165\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u6cd5\u96f7\u5c14\u7684\u6062\u590d\u65e9\u671f\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u6cf0\u5965\u591a\u5c14\u00b7\u8d1d\u624e\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u7edd\u5bf9\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u3001\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u8bfa\u514b\u65af\u7684\u6e05\u6559\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u52c3\u6717\u7684\u516c\u7406\u5236\u7b49\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u622a\u81f32010\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff08Calvinist\uff09\u63a8\u5b9a\u57285500\u4e07\u81f38500\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u6559\u6d3e\u53ca\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u5b97\u6d3e\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u52a0\u5165\u6216\u672a\u52a0\u5165\u5f52\u6b63\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u4e16\u754c\u5171\u878d\u7684\u5f52\u6b63\u4f1a2000\u4e07\u52302500\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u878d\u7684\u957f\u8001\u5b97\u6559\u4f1a4000\u4e07\u52305000\u4e07\u4eba\u3001\u516c\u7406\u5b97\u6559\u4f1a500\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u3002 \u6559\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u793c\u4eea\u3001\u6559\u4e49\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\u5219\u8d85\u8fc76\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u516b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7edf\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u201c\u5927\u9646\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u201d\u3002
你是基督教徒吗,耶稣时代的教会,本不分宗派,真理只有一个。想信耶稣的话,就去神的教会。新教改了神的律法和救援之路。
你也对新教感兴趣?
绛旓細涓栫晫鍥涘ぇ瀹楁暀閫氬父鎸囩殑鏄經鏁欍鍩虹潱鏁銆佷紛鏂叞鏁欏拰閬撴暀銆傚熀鐫f暀淇″緬琚О涓衡滃熀鐫e緬鈥濓紝浠栦滑鐩镐俊鑰剁ǎ鍩虹潱鐨勭闊筹紝鍖呮嫭浠栫殑鏁欏銆佺壓鐗插拰澶嶆椿銆傚湪涓浗锛屽熀鐫f暀鍖呮嫭鏂版暀鍚勫畻娲撅紝濡璺痉瀹楀拰褰掓瀹銆備紛鏂叞鏁欐槸涓栫晫鎬х殑瀹楁暀锛屽巻鍙蹭笂鍦ㄤ腑鍥借绉颁负澶ч娉曠瓑銆傚埌2009骞村簳锛屽叏鐞冪害68浜夸汉鍙d腑锛岀﹩鏂灄绾︽湁15.7浜匡紝...
绛旓細涓庡墠鐗堢浉姣旓紝鍚庣増鍦ㄤ竴浜涘叧閿棶棰樹笂鏄庣‘涓庡ぉ涓鏁欏拰璺痉瀹鍒掓竻浜嗙晫闄愶紝浣撶幇浜嗚尐娓╁埄鍜岀害缈奥峰姞灏旀枃鐨勬濇兂銆傚敖绠″姝わ紝鍚庣増鍦ㄩ瀹氳锛堝嵆绁炲浜虹被鍛借繍鐨勯瀹氾級杩欎竴璁涓婁繚鎸佷簡鐩稿骞宠 锛屾病鏈夎蛋鍚戞瀬绔殑棰勫畾璁虹珛鍦恒傚煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛岃但灏旂淮钂傚厠璁や俊鏂囧悗鐗堝洜鍏惰灏藉拰瀵褰掓瀹鏍稿績鏁欎箟鐨勬竻鏅伴槓杩帮紝鍙楀埌浜嗗悗鏉ュ綊...
绛旓細鍒16涓栫邯涓彾锛鏂版暀鐨涓変釜涓昏鏁欐淳锛屽嵆椹竵路璺痉鍒涚珛鐨勮矾寰峰畻銆佸姞灏旀枃鍒涚珛鐨褰掓瀹楀拰浣滀负鑻辨牸鍏板浗鏁欑殑瀹夌珛鐢樺畻锛岄兘宸插湪娆ф床鍑虹幇銆16涓栫邯鏈埌17涓栫邯鍒濓紝鏂版暀鐨勪笁涓富瑕佸畻娲惧湪鏁欎細缁勭粐鍜屽磭鎷滀华寮忎笂宸插熀鏈畾鍨嬶紱瀵规暀涔夌殑琛ㄨ堪鍜岄槓杩帮紝缁忚繃闀挎湡鐨勪簤璁猴紝涔熼愭笎褰㈡垚浣撶郴銆傚湪姝や箣鍚庯紝闅忕潃璧勬湰涓讳箟鐨勫彂灞曪紝鏂版暀鍐呴儴...
绛旓細鏈鏃╁湪鐟炲+娴侀氱殑鏈変袱绉嶃傚叾涓涓鸿但灏旂淮钂傚厠璁や俊鏂囧墠鐗(1536)锛岀敱甯冩灄鏍笺佸竷鑹插皵绛変汉鍏卞悓璧疯崏锛屽叡27鏉★紝鍙嶆槧U.鑼ㄦ俯鍒╃殑瑙傜偣锛屼絾浼佸浘鍜岃矾寰风殑瑙傜偣姹傚悓銆傚彟涓涓鸿但灏旂淮钂傚厠璁や俊鏂囧悗鐗(1562)锛岀敱甯冩灄鏍煎崟鐙捣鑽夛紝鍒30绔狅紝璇﹁堪褰撴椂鐟炲+褰掓瀹鐨勪俊浠帮紝鍦ㄨ嫢骞查棶棰樹笂涓庡ぉ涓鏁欏拰璺痉瀹鍒掓竻鐣岄檺锛屽弽鏄犱簡鑼ㄦ俯鍒╁拰...
绛旓細11涓栫邯鍒嗚涓虹綏椹叕鏁欏拰涓滄鏁欍16涓栫邯瀹楁暀鏀归潻杩愬姩涓紝鏂版暀鍙堜粠缃楅┈鍏暀涓垎瑁傚嚭鏉ワ紝鍑虹幇浜璺痉瀹锛堜害绉淇′箟瀹锛夈褰掓瀹锛堜害绉板姞灏旀枃瀹楋級鍜屽畨绔嬬敇瀹楋紙浜︾О鍦e叕瀹楋級涓夊ぇ鏂版暀涓绘祦娲撅紱鍚庡張闄嗙画鍒嗗寲鍑哄叾浠栬澶氬畻娲俱備互鍚庯紝鍩虹潱鏁鍚勬淳绯婚愭笎浼犻亶涓栫晫鍚勫ぇ娲诧紝瀵规缇庡悇鍥藉巻鍙层佹枃鍖栨湁娣辫繙褰卞搷銆傛棭鏈熷熀鐫f暀 鍘嗗彶...
绛旓細褰掓瀹鏄鏂版暀涓昏瀹楁淳涔嬩竴锛屼互鍔犲皵鏂(Jean Calvin 1509-1564)鐨勫畻鏁欐濇兂涓轰緷鎹紝浜︾О鍔犲皵鏂囧畻锛"褰掓"涓虹粡杩囨敼闈╁褰掓纭箣鎰忋傚湪鑻辫鍥藉閲岋紝璇ュ畻鍥犲叾鏁欐斂鐗圭偣鍙堢О闀胯佸畻銆傚綊姝e畻浜х敓浜16涓栫邯瀹楁暀鏀归潻鏃舵湡锛屼笌瀹夌珛鐢瀹楀拰璺痉瀹骞剁О鏂版暀涓夊ぇ涓绘祦娲惧埆銆16涓栫邯鍒濓紝鍦ㄦ枃鑹哄鍏村拰瀹楁暀鏀归潻杩愬姩鐨勫奖鍝嶄笅锛岀憺澹...
绛旓細褰掓瀹鏄鏂版暀涓昏瀹楁淳涔嬩竴锛屼互鍔犲皵鏂(Jean Calvin 1509-1564)鐨勫畻鏁欐濇兂涓轰緷鎹紝浜︾О鍔犲皵鏂囧畻锛"褰掓"涓虹粡杩囨敼闈╁褰掓纭箣鎰忋傚湪鑻辫鍥藉閲岋紝璇ュ畻鍥犲叾鏁欐斂鐗圭偣鍙堢О闀胯佸畻銆傚綊姝e畻浜х敓浜16涓栫邯瀹楁暀鏀归潻鏃舵湡锛屼笌瀹夌珛鐢瀹楀拰璺痉瀹骞剁О鏂版暀涓夊ぇ涓绘祦娲惧埆銆16涓栫邯鍒濓紝鍦ㄦ枃鑹哄鍏村拰瀹楁暀鏀归潻杩愬姩鐨勫奖鍝嶄笅锛岀憺澹...
绛旓細鍥炵瓟锛氥璺痉瀹鏄鏂版暀涓昏瀹楁淳涔嬩竴,鏄互椹竵路璺痉(Martin Luther 1483-1546)瀹楁暀鎬濇兂涓轰緷鎹殑鍚勬暀浼氱殑鎬荤О銆傚洜鍏跺己璋"鍥犱俊绉颁箟"鐨勬暀涔,鏁呬害绉淇′箟瀹銆 銆銆璺痉瀹楁槸鍦ㄩ┈涓伮疯矾寰峰彂鍔ㄥ畻鏁欐敼闈╁悗鍦ㄥ痉鎰忓織褰㈡垚鐨勩1546骞撮┈涓伮疯矾寰峰幓涓,鍏惰拷闅忚呭唴閮ㄦ浘鍦ㄦ暀涔夐棶棰樹笂鍙戠敓闀挎湡浜夎銆1580骞,涓虹邯蹇点婂ゥ鏍兼柉鍫′俊...
绛旓細浣嗗湪寰锋剰蹇楋紝鏂版暀鍜澶╀富鏁欎箣闂寸殑鏂椾簤骞舵湭鍋滄锛屾渶缁堥吙鎴愪簡1618-1648骞寸殑涓夊崄骞存垬浜夈傛垬浜夊緢蹇敁寤舵垚涓鍦烘娲插ぇ鎴橈紝缁撴灉锛岄氳繃銆婂▉鏂壒浼愬埄浜氬拰绾︺嬬殑绛捐锛褰掓瀹鑾峰緱浜涓庝俊涔夊畻銆佸ぉ涓绘暀骞崇瓑鐨勫湴浣嶏紝璺痉瀹鏁欎細浠庢纭珛銆 淇′箟瀹楀湪鏁欎箟涓婁富瑕佸己璋冨洜淇$О涔夛紝璁や负浜鸿寰楀埌涓婂笣鐨勬嫰鏁戯紝涓嶅湪浜庨伒瀹堟暀浼...
绛旓細褰掓瀹鏄鏂版暀涓昏瀹楁淳涔嬩竴锛屼互鍔犲皵鏂(Jean Calvin 1509-1564)鐨勫畻鏁欐濇兂涓轰緷鎹紝浜︾О鍔犲皵鏂囧畻锛"褰掓"涓虹粡杩囨敼闈╁褰掓纭箣鎰忋傚湪鑻辫鍥藉閲岋紝璇ュ畻鍥犲叾鏁欐斂鐗圭偣鍙堢О闀胯佸畻銆傚綊姝e畻浜х敓浜16涓栫邯瀹楁暀鏀归潻鏃舵湡锛屼笌瀹夌珛鐢瀹楀拰璺痉瀹骞剁О鏂版暀涓夊ぇ涓绘祦娲惧埆銆16涓栫邯鍒濓紝鍦ㄦ枃鑹哄鍏村拰瀹楁暀鏀归潻杩愬姩鐨勫奖鍝嶄笅锛岀憺澹...