某同学利用电压表和电流表测量定值电阻Rx的阻值（约9Ω左右），电源选用两节干电池．（1）请将图中电流表 某同学利用电压表和电流表测量电阻R1的阻值（约9Ω左右），电...
\u5c0f\u65b0\u540c\u5b66\u5229\u7528\u7535\u538b\u8868\u548c\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b9a\u503c\u7535\u963bR1\u7684\u963b\u503c\uff08\u7ea69\u03a9\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u9009\u7528\u4e24\u8282\u65b0\u7684\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\uff0e\uff081\uff09\u6309\u56fe\u7532\u7535\uff081\uff09\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u662f\u4e24\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\u4e32\u8054\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\u4e3a3V\uff0c\u6545\u7535\u538b\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u9009\u62e90\uff5e3V\uff0c\u6839\u636eR=UI\u53ef\u5224\u65ad\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u57280.33A\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6545\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u7684\u91cf\u7a0b\u9009\u62e90\uff5e0.6A\uff1b\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a\uff082\uff09\u79fb\u52a8\u6ed1\u7247\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\u603b\u4e3a3V\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7535\u538b\u8868\u6d4b\u7684\u662f\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u5373R1\u5904\u65ad\u8def\u6216R2\u5904\u77ed\u8def\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u6e05\u9664\u6545\u969c\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u6ed1\u7247P\u5411\u5de6\u6ed1\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u7535\u963b\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7535\u8def\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5c06\u589e\u5927\uff1b\u7531\u56fe\u4e19\u77e5\uff1aU=2V\uff0cI=0.2A\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5R=UI=2V0.2A=10\u03a9\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u5e94\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u6309\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u8fde\u63a5\u7535\u8def\uff0e\uff082\uff09\u65ad\u5f00S2\u3001\u95ed\u5408S1\u8bb0\u5f55\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570\u4e3aI1\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u65ad\u5f00S1\u3001\u95ed\u5408S2\u8bb0\u5f55\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570\u4e3aI2\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u7531\u4e0a\u77e5\uff0cU=I1R0\uff0c\u5219Rx=UI2=I1I2R0\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7535\u8def\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1b\uff082\uff09R1\u5904\u65ad\u8defR2\u5904\u77ed\u8def\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u589e\u5927\uff1b10\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1b\uff084\uff09C\u3001\u95ed\u5408S2\u8bb0\u5f55\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570\u4e3aI2\uff1bD\u3001I1I2R0\uff0e
\uff081\uff09\u7531\u9898\u610f\u77e5\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538bU=1.5V\u00d72=3V\uff0c\u7535\u8def\u6700\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u7ea6\u4e3aI=UR=3V9\u03a9\u22480.33A\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u5e94\u90090\uff5e0.6A\u91cf\u7a0b\uff0c\u628a\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u4e32\u8054\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a\uff082\uff09\u7535\u538b\u8868\u7684\u793a\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0e\u7535\u538b\u8868\u5e76\u8054\u7684R1\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u65ad\u8def\u6216R2\u77ed\u8def\uff0e\uff083\uff09\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u6ed1\u7247\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u7535\u963b\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u6839\u636eU=IR\uff0cR1\u7684\u963b\u503c\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u7535\u538b\u53d8\u5927\uff0e\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u7269\u56fe\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u4e3a0\uff5e3V\uff0c\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.1V\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a2V\uff1b\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u4e3a0\uff5e0.6A\uff0c\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.02A\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a0.2A\uff1b\u7531I=UR\u53ef\u77e5\uff0cR=UI=2V0.2A=10\u03a9\uff0e\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ea\u6d4b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u5e94\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u89c1\u4e0a\u56fe\uff1b\uff082\uff09R1\u5904\u65ad\u8def\u6216R2\u5904\u77ed\u8def\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u589e\u5927\uff1b10\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0e
（1）电路中的最大电流I=| U |
| R |
| 3V |
| 9Ω |
（2）在闭合开关之前，滑动变阻器应处于最大阻值的右端，这样做的目的是为了防止电流过大，保护电路；
（3）移动滑片，电压表示数总为3V，说明电压表测的是电源电压，即定值电阻断路或滑动变阻器短路；
（4）清除故障后，将滑片P向左滑动时，其电阻减小，整个电路的电流增大，电压表示数将增大；
由图2可知：U=1.4V，I=0.28A，所以R=
| U |
| I |
| 1.4V |
| 0.28A |
（5）（a）闭合开关S1，测出通过已知电阻R0的电流I0．
（b）闭合开关S1、S2，测出干路电流I．
（c）∵并联电路中干路电流等于各支路电流之和，
∴通过Rx的电流为Ix=I-I0，
∵并联电路中各支路两端的电压相等，
∴I0R0=IxRx
I0R0=（I-I0）Rx，
Rx=
| I0R0 |
| I?I0 |
故答案为：（2）右；（3）定值电阻断路；滑动变阻器短路；（4）增大；5；没有多次测量求平均值，误差太大；（5）（a）S1；（b）闭合开关S1、S2，测出干路电流I；（c）
| I0R0 |
| I?I0 |
绛旓細锛1锛娴嬮噺鐢垫簮鐢靛姩鍔垮拰鍐呴樆鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鐢变簬鐢垫簮鐨勫唴闃绘槸寰堝皬鐨勶紝涓轰簡鍑忓皬鍐呴樆鐨勬祴閲忚宸紝鎴戜滑閫夌敤鐨勬槸鐢垫祦琛鐨勫鎺ユ硶锛岀數璺鍥炬墍绀猴紟锛2锛夋牴鎹疄楠屽緱鍑虹殑6缁勬暟鎹敾鍑虹殑U-I鍥捐薄锛氾紙3锛夊湪U-I鍥捐薄涓浘璞′笌绾靛潗鏍囩殑浜ょ偣绛変簬鐢垫簮鐨勭數鍔ㄥ娍锛屾墍浠ョ敱鍥惧彲浠ヨ鍑虹數婧愮殑鐢靛姩鍔夸负E=1.46V锛屽浘璞′腑鐨勬枩鐜囪〃绀虹數婧...
绛旓細姝ゆ椂婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄦ帴鍏ョ數璺殑闃诲兼渶澶э紟锛3锛夊悎涓婂紑鍏筹紝鏃犺鎬庢牱绉诲姩婊戠墖锛岀數鍘嬭〃绀烘暟鎬讳负3V涓嶅彉锛岀瓑浜庣數婧愮數鍘嬶紝鍙兘鏄緟娴嬬數闃籖1鏂矾閫犳垚鐨勶紝鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴鐢垫簮鐢靛帇锛庯紙4锛夊皢婊戠墖P鍚戝乏婊戝姩鏃讹紝婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄦ帴鍏ョ數璺殑闃诲煎彉灏忥紝婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄥ垎鍘嬪彉灏忥紝鐢甸樆涓ょ鐢靛帇澧炲ぇ锛岀數鍘嬭〃绀烘暟灏嗗澶э紱鐢辩數璺浘鍙煡锛鐢垫祦琛閲忕▼...
绛旓細锛1锛夋牴鎹數璺浘鐢诧紝鐢涓ゆ牴瀵肩嚎灏鐢垫祦琛涓茶仈鍏ョ數璺腑锛屽涓嬪浘鎵绀猴細 锛2锛夌數鍘嬭〃绀烘暟U 1 =2V锛涚數娴佽〃绀烘暟I=0.2A锛涙墍浠 1 = U 1 I = 2V 0.2A =10惟 锛涳紙3锛夌敱鍥剧煡锛氬弽澶嶇Щ鍔ㄦ粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒鐨勬粦鐗嘝鏃讹紝鐢靛帇琛V 1 鐨勭ず鏁版绘槸涓嶸鐨勭ず鏁扮浉绛夛紝璇存槑鐢靛帇琛╒ 1 娴嬮噺鐨...
绛旓細鐢垫簮鍐呴樆锛歳=鈻砋鈻矷=1.45?0.80.37鈮1.75惟锛涳紙5锛鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴閲璺鐢靛帇锛屽叾绀烘暟闅忔粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒鐨勯樆鍊煎澶ц屽澶э紱鑰屽綋鍐呴樆鍜屽闃荤浉绛夋椂锛岃緭鍑哄姛鐜囨渶澶э紱姝ゆ椂杈撳嚭鐢靛帇涓虹數鍔ㄥ娍鐨勪竴鍗婏紟澶栫數璺柇寮鏃讹紝璺鐢靛帇绛変簬鐢垫簮鐨勭數鍔ㄥ娍锛屾鏃惰緭鍑哄姛鐜囦负闆讹紱鏁呯鍚堟潯浠剁殑鍥捐薄搴斾负C锛 鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氾紙1锛夌敳锛涳紙2...
绛旓細锛1锛塀 锛2锛6.5V 锛3锛10V 50惟惟 锛4锛夊皬浜 灏忎簬 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙1锛夌敱棰樻剰鐭ワ紝鐢佃矾涓殑鏈灏忕數闃诲间负 锛屽張鍥犵數婧愮殑鍐呴樆绾︿负50惟锛屾墍浠ュ畾鍊肩數闃婚夋嫨20惟锛屾晠閫塀锛涳紙2锛夌數婧愮數鍔ㄥ娍绾︿负9V锛屾晠鐢靛帇琛閲忕▼涓15V锛岃鏁颁负6.5V锛涳紙3锛夋牴鎹棴鍚堢數璺殑娆у瀹氬緥 锛屽緱锛 锛屾墍浠ュ浘鍍忎笌绾佃酱...
绛旓細锛1锛夌敱棰樻剰鐭ワ紝鐢垫簮鐢靛帇U=3V锛岀數璺渶澶х數娴佺害涓篒=UR=3V9惟鈮0.33A锛屽洜姝鐢垫祦琛搴旈0锝0.6A閲忕▼锛屾妸鐢垫祦琛ㄤ覆鑱旀帴鍏ョ數璺紝鐢佃矾鍥惧鍥炬墍绀猴細锛2锛夌Щ鍔ㄦ粦鐗囷紝鐢靛帇琛ㄦ荤ず鏁颁负3V锛岃鏄鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴鐨勬槸鐢垫簮鐢靛帇锛屽嵆R1澶勬柇璺垨R2澶勭煭璺紱锛3锛夌敱鐢佃矾鍥惧彲鐭ワ紝灏嗘粦鐗嘝鍚戝乏婊戝姩鏃讹紝婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄦ帴鍏ョ數璺殑闃诲...
绛旓細锛1锛夊綋鐢甸樆绠辩殑鐢甸樆璋冧负闆舵椂锛岀數璺腑鐢垫祦鏈澶э紝鏍规嵁闂悎鐢佃矾娆у瀹氬緥寰 I m = E R 0 +r 寰桼 0 =10惟鎵浠ュ疄楠屽簲閫塀锛庯紙2锛夋牴鎹數璺浘杩炴帴瀹炵墿鍥撅紝鐢靛姩鍔縀澶х害鍦9V宸﹀彸锛鐢靛帇琛搴旈夋嫨15V鐨勯噺绋嬶紝濡傚浘锛 锛3锛夌數鍘嬭〃搴旈夋嫨15V鐨勯噺绋嬶紝鎵浠ヨ鏁颁负6.5V锛岋紙4锛夐棴鍚堝紑鍏筹紝璋冩暣...
绛旓細锛1锛0.24A锛2.2V锛0.528W銆 锛3鍒嗭級锛2锛夊亸灏忥紱鍋忓ぇ銆傦紙4鍒嗭級 鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙1锛鐢靛帇琛ㄥ拰鐢垫祦琛璇绘暟锛氱‘瀹氫娇鐢ㄧ殑閲忕▼锛岀‘瀹氭瘡涓涓ぇ鏍煎拰姣忎竴涓皬鏍煎悇浠ｈ〃澶氬皯锛庣煡閬撶伅娉＄殑棰濆畾鐢靛帇鍜岄瀹氱數娴侊紝鏍规嵁P=UI璁＄畻棰濆畾鍔熺巼锛庯紙2锛夎冭檻鐢靛帇琛ㄧ殑鍐呴樆鏃讹紝鐢垫祦琛ㄦ祴閲鐢靛帇琛ㄥ拰瀹氬肩數闃荤殑鎬荤數娴侊紝娴嬮噺鍊煎ぇ浜...
绛旓細鍒╃敤E=U+Ir寰楀埌鏂圭▼缁勬眰瑙ｏ紝鎵浠ユ湰棰樹腑閫氳繃閫氭柇寮鍏虫敼鍙樺鐢甸樆鈶ｇ敱闂悎鐢佃矾娆у瀹氬緥鏈 锛岀敱涓ゅ叕寮忓彲鐭ュ唴闃讳负0.69惟鐐硅瘎锛氶毦搴︿腑绛夛紝瑕佺悊瑙ｆ湰瀹為獙鐨勫疄楠屽師鐞嗭紝鏄氳繃闂悎鐢佃矾娆у瀹氬緥娴嬮噺鐨勶紝鍗冲叕寮廍=U+Ir鐨勫簲鐢紝閫氳繃澶氭鏀瑰彉璺鐢靛帇鍜岀數娴寰楀埌鏂圭▼缁勬眰瑙ｅ嚭鐢垫簮鐢靛姩鍔垮拰鍐呴樆 ...
绛旓細缁欎綘鍑犵偣鎻愮ず锛岃浣犺嚜宸卞垪寮忚В绛斻傝繖鏍锋湁鐩婁簬浣犲啀鐞嗚В涓娆★紝鍙樹负鑷繁鐨勭煡璇嗐1銆佺數婧愩佹粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒銆佺數娴佽〃銆佺伅娉℃槸涓茶仈鐨勩傜伅娉℃爣鈥 0.3A鈥 锛屽姛鐜1.5W宸﹀彸锛岄鍘5V宸﹀彸銆2銆佸疄楠屾楠ゆ纭紝鍒欓棴鍚堝紑鍏虫椂锛屽彉闃诲櫒鏄叏鍊兼帴鍏ョ數璺紙50娆э級锛鐢垫祦琛ㄥ拰鐢靛帇琛鐨勭ず鏁板垎鍒槸2V銆0.2A锛岀數鍘嬭〃鏄笌鐏场骞惰仈...
