什么情况下用动名词 英语语法知识在什么情况下用动名词作后置
\u82f1\u8bed\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8981\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd1\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cDrinking is harmful . \u559d\u9152\u6709\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u3002
2\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u653e\u5728go\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cbike \u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0cI like to go biking.\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u9a91\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u3002
3\u8fd8\u6709\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7684\u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cHe spent the money in smoking.\u5b83\u628a\u94b1\u82b1\u5728\u62bd\u70df\u4e0a\u9762\u4e86\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u8fd8\u6709on , about ,\u7b49\u7b49\uff0cto \u8981\u770b\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8ddf\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u8981\u7528\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8981\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff01
\uff081\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u505a\u5b9a
\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u540d\u8bcd+ v-ing \u6216\u8005 v-ing + \u540d\u8bcd
\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u524d\u9762\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u540e
\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1.\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1b2.\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u5f81
\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
a promising young man \u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\uff08\u7279\u5f81\uff09
Falling leaves \u6b63\u5728\u98d8\u843d\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\uff08\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
A room facing the sea \u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u671d\u5927\u6d77\u7684\u623f\u95f4 \uff08\u7279\u5f81\uff09
A girl standing at the gate \u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u7ad9\u5728\u95e8\u8fb9\u7684\u5973\u5b69 \uff08\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u5982\uff1aI like the girl standing at the gate\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u7ad9\u5728\u95e8\u8fb9\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201clike\u201d\u662f\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u201cstanding\u201d\u5219\u662f\u4fee\u9970\u201cgirl\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed
\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u540d\u8bcd+ v-ed \u6216\u8005 v-ed + \u540d\u8bcd
\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u524d\u9762\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u540e
\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1.\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff1b2.\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c
\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
fallen leaves \u5df2\u7ecf\u98d8\u843d\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\uff08\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
A respected general \u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u5c06\u519b \uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff09
A girl called lily \u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u53eb\u505alily\u7684\u5973\u5b69 \uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff09
A machine invented by the scientists \u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u673a\u5668 \uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff09
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u653e\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u5b9a\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u3002\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u505a\u5b9a\u8bed\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002
比如说教书并不是容易的是：teaching is not an easy task
教本来就是动词，加上ing就变成了动名词，那么他就具有名词特性从而可以作为主语。
同时在很多动词后面的动作也需要用动名词，这个属于固定搭配。
i hate drinking coca cola.我讨厌喝可乐。 这里drinking就是动名词。
而哪些动词（比如这里的hate）后面需要加动名词这个是需要记忆的，并没有什么规律
1.动名词是动词加上ing,表示正在,是正在进行时,比如,
What's she doing?
She is reading a book.这里就表示她正在看书.
2.动名词可做名词用,可放在句首做主语或句中做宾语等,比如
Siwmming is my favourate sport.
My favourate sport is swimming.
3.一些短语或动词后必须接动名词，为固定搭配，比如
like+doing,就是爱好某事的意思，
can't help doing,是情不自禁要做某事．
动名词的功能与用法
一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement):
1.1 作主语
1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ）
2. Running is good exercise. （主语running)
3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking)
1.2 作主语的补语
1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping)
2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing)
1.3 主语置于句尾
1.3.1 用 It + be + ... +v-ing 句型
1. It is fun speaking English.
2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
1.3.2 用 It is 后接 no use. no good, fun 等的句型
1. It is no use learning theory without practice.
2. It is no fun being lost in rain.
1.3.3 用 It is 后接 useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型
1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration.
1.3.4 用 There + be + no + v-ing 的句型
1. There is no joking about such matters.
2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处)
如何？感到头晕了吗？不怕的再来吧。再见。
谈谈动名词(Gerund)(三)
二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object)
2.1 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面）
1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing)
2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling)
3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking)
注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类
动词还有：
dislike 厌恶 admit 接受 repent 后悔 acknowledge 承认
enjoy 享受 escape避免 deny 否认 postpone 延迟
resent 怨恨 mind 介意 miss 错过 risk 冒风险
finish 完成 avoid 避免 delay 耽误 consider 认为
fancy 想象 excuse 原谅 include 包括 imagine 想象
resist 抵制 suggest 建议 ……
还有短语类：
keep (on)继续 don't mind 不介意 cannot help 不禁 give up 放弃
put off 延迟 leave off 停止 burst out 闯出 ……
再请注意：有一些动词除了可接动名词外，也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下：
1. I prefer living in an apartment. (动词prefer接动名词 living)
2. I prefer to live in an apartment. (动词prefer接不定词 to live)
像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如 prefer 这一类的动词还有：
allow deserve neglect attempt
fear omit begin hate
permit bother intend cease
like recommend continue love
start stop forget regret
propose try continue remember
need ……
其实如hate, love, like之类动词，接动名词和接不定词的句子，意思是会有些不
同的，这就留给大家去研究吧，hihi……
2.2 作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)
1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble. (介词for，宾语giving)
2. The book is worth reading. (介词worth, 宾语reading)
3. I reached him by calling his office. (介词by, 宾语calling)
4. The police arrested(逮捕）him for speeding. (介词for, 宾语speeding)
注意：在下列的句子结构中，介词 in 被省略掉：
1. She is busy (in) correcting her exercises.
2. He spent two hours (in) reading book.
3. There is no use (in) talking with him now.
4. Is it any good (in) taking cold water baths?
2.3 作"名词+介词"的宾语
请看下列的句子：
1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author. (pleasure of + 宾
语speaking)
2. He takes a great interest in studying languages. (interest in + 宾语
studying)
这一类"名词+介词"的还有：
danger of fear of objection to
delight to habit of opportunity for /of
excuse for experience in love in
reason for ……
好了，好了，看到这里，你是不是需要一点风油呢？呵呵！Gerund还没谈完呢，再会
吧。
谈谈动名词(Gerund)（四）
三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)
什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢？在句子中，除了原有的主语之外，属于动名词的"主语
"，也就称为"逻辑主语"，一般位于动名词的前面。
3.1 在动名词前加"物主代词（如：my, his...)"或"名词所有格(如：Mary's,
Dog's...)"
1. His coming here helped us a lot. (主语/逻辑主语his, 动名词coming）
2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主
语Tom,动名词escaping)
3.2 作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名
词所有格"
1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (逻辑主语my, 动名词smoking)
2. He insisted on Mary's staying there. (逻辑主语Mary, 动名词staying)
注意：作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时，则用通格（of the):
1. I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate
friends. （逻辑主语news)
3.3 在下列情况中，不能使用所有格：
3.3.1 代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this 等作为逻辑主语时:
1. I remember all of them saying it .
3.3.2 数词、名词化形容词（如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时：
1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe
it.
3.3.3 结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语，或受从句或短语修饰时：
1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking
a little louder?
真是烦死人了！还好，"动名词"最难的一关要算是"逻辑主语"了。如果你闯过后，接下
来的就轻松得多了。哈哈……
谈谈动名词(Gerund)（五）
四、动名词的语态
4.1 被动式(being + v-ed)
当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时，动名词要用被动语态。
1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.
2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.
4.2 完成式 (having + v-ed)
动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式。
1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.
2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.
4.3 完成式的被动语态 (having been + v-ed)
1. I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.
2. Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)
rudely.
4.4 在动词 need, want, require, deserve 之后的动名词（作为宾语），要用主动
语态来表示被动的意思。
1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水）.
2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回
答).
五、作定语 （Attribute）
动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语，表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。
1. sleeping car 卧车
2. walking stick 手杖
3. printing shop 印务馆
4. reading room 阅读室
5. swimming pool 泳池
6. washing machine 洗衣机
7. dining room 饭厅
六、在英文正式语体里，动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后，以替代副词/状语的子
句(Adverbial Clauses)
例：1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the
following number:...
2. In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the
following number:...
第二个句子的"In case of "动名词短句(Gerund Phrase) 取代第一个句子的 "In
case" 副词子句。
绛旓細鍔爄ng鐨鎯呭喌锛1銆佸姩璇嶅姞ing鍓嶉潰蹇呴』鍔犱笂be鍔ㄨ瘝锛屽舰鎴恇e+鍔ㄨ瘝ing(鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝)浣滃彞瀛愯皳璇紝鏋勬垚杩涜鏃舵佸彞瀛愩2銆佸姩璇嶄綔浠嬭瘝鐨勫璇鍔爄ng(鍔ㄥ悕璇)銆3銆侀儴鍒嗗姩璇嶇敤鍔ㄨ瘝鍋氬璇紝鍋氬璇殑鍔ㄨ瘝瑕佸姞ing(鍔ㄥ悕璇)銆4銆佷竴浜涘浐瀹氬彞寮忓悗闈㈣鍔犲姩璇峣ng(鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝)銆5銆佸姩璇嶄慨楗板悕璇嶅仛鍚庣疆瀹氳鏃惰鍔爄ng(鐜板湪鍒嗘垚)銆...
绛旓細1.鍔ㄥ悕璇瀹氫箟锛氬姩鍚嶈瘝鏄竴绉嶅吋鏈夊姩璇嶅拰鍚嶈瘝鐗瑰緛鐨勯潪闄愬畾鍔ㄨ瘝.瀹冨彲浠ユ敮閰嶅璇,涔熻兘琚壇璇嶄慨楗.鍔ㄥ悕璇嶆湁鏃舵佸拰璇佺殑鍙樺寲.2.甯歌鐨勫姩鍚嶈瘝锛歛dvise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,mind,miss,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think ...
绛旓細澶嶅悎缁撴瀯锛岄氬父鎯呭喌涓锛鍔ㄥ悕璇鐨勯昏緫涓昏涓鸿皳璇姩璇嶇殑涓昏銆傚鏋滃姩鍚嶈瘝鍔ㄤ綔鐨勫彂鍑鸿呬笉鏄皳璇姩鐨勪富璇椂锛屽垯闇瑕佹湁鑷繁鐨勯昏緫涓昏鐗╀富浠ｈ瘝鎴栧悕璇嶆墍鏈夋牸鍔犲姩鍚嶈瘝灏辨瀯鎴愪簡鍔ㄥ悕璇嶇殑澶嶅悎缁撴瀯锛岃繖绉嶇粨鏋勫湪鍙ヤ腑鍙互浣滀富璇紝瀹捐绛夈3銆佺壒鐐逛笉鍚 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶏細 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶅彲浠ヤ繚鐣欏師鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫悇绉嶇敤娉曪紝渚嬪鍙互甯﹀璇佽〃璇...
绛旓細1.鍋氶潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鏃跺欑敤鐨勬渶澶氥傚氨鏄竴涓彞瀛愰噷闈㈡湁浜嗚皳璇姩璇嶏紝鍙﹀鍔ㄤ綔瑕佺敤杩欎釜褰㈠紡濡俵earning English is easy.2.浠嬭瘝鍚庨潰鐨勫姩璇嶅look forward to doing sth.
绛旓細涓昏鍦ㄤ笅闈簲绉鎯呭喌涓嬬敤鍔ㄥ悕璇浣滀富璇:1)鐩存帴浣嶄簬鍙ラ鍋氫富璇細Swimming is a good sport in summer.2)it 浣滃舰寮忎富璇椂鎶婂姩鍚嶈瘝(鐪熷疄涓昏)缃簬鍙ュ熬浣滃悗缃富璇 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶅仛涓昏鏃讹紝涓嶅お甯哥敤 it 浣滃厛琛屼富璇紝澶氳浜庢煇浜涘舰瀹硅瘝鍙婂悕璇嶄箣鍚:It is no use telling him not to worry.甯歌鐨勭敤浜庤繖绉嶇粨鏋勭殑...
绛旓細鍔ㄥ悕璇浣滃畾璇殑鎯呭喌骞朵笉鏄緢鏅亶锛屽洜涓哄鏁版儏鍐典粎闄愪簬鍗曚釜鐨勫姩鍚嶈瘝浣滃畾璇傝繖绉嶆儏鍐典笌鍗曚釜鐨勭幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶄綔瀹氳鏈夎緝澶х殑鍖哄埆锛氬崟涓殑鍔ㄥ悕璇嶄綔瀹氳涓昏鏄鏄庤淇グ璇嶇殑浣滅敤銆佹剰涔夌瓑锛涜屽崟涓殑鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝浣滃畾璇垯涓昏鏄〃绀鸿淇グ璇嶆鍦ㄥ仛浠涔銆3. 浣滆〃璇 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶄綔琛ㄨ涓昏璇存槑"涓昏鏄仛浠涔堢殑銆佹垨鏄庝箞鍥炰簨"...
绛旓細鍦ㄧ幇琛岀殑鍒濅腑鑻辫鏁欐潗涓紝澶ц嚧鏈変互涓嬪崄绉鎯呭喌浣跨敤鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰锛1.涓庡姪鍔ㄨ瘝鎴栨儏鎬佸姩璇峝o, does, did, shall, will, should, would, may, might, have to, must, need, ought to绛変竴璧锋瀯鎴愯皳璇殑鍔ㄨ瘝鏃讹紝瑕佺敤鍘熷舰銆傚锛欴o you like English? 浣犲枩娆㈣嫳璇悧锛烳ay I use your telephone? 鎴戝彲浠ョ敤浣...
绛旓細鎴戣涓嶅緱鍘熸潵鍦浠涔鍦版柟瑙佽繃. Thank you for giving us so much help. 璋㈣阿缁欐垜浠繖涔堝ぇ鐨勫府鍔. (4)鍦ㄥ鏁鎯呭喌涓閮介伩鍏浣跨敤鍔ㄥ悕璇琚姩璇佸畬鎴愬紡,鑰岀敤涓鑸紡浠ｆ浛,浠ュ厤鍙ュ瓙鏄惧緱绱禈,灏ゅ叾鏄湪鍙ｈ涓.濡: I forget once being taken (having been taken ) to the city zoo. 鎴戞浘琚甫鍒拌繃杩欎釜鍔ㄧ墿鍥,鍙垜蹇...
绛旓細鍔ㄥ悕璇浣滀富璇殑鍑犵绫诲瀷 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶅彲浠ュ湪鍙ュ瓙涓厖褰撳悕璇嶆墍鑳藉厖褰撶殑澶氱鍙ュ瓙鎴愬垎銆傚湪杩欓噷浠呭氨鍔ㄥ悕璇嶅湪鍙ュ瓙涓綔涓昏鐨鎯呭喌杩涜璁ㄨ銆 鍔ㄥ悕璇嶄綔涓昏鏈夊涓嬪嚑绉嶅父瑙佹儏鍐碉細 1. 鐩存帴浣嶄簬鍙ラ鍋氫富璇備緥濡傦細 Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2. 鐢 it 浣滃舰寮忎富璇紝鎶婂姩鍚嶈瘝(鐪熷疄涓昏)缃簬鍙ュ熬...
绛旓細鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝璧风潃褰㈠璇嶅拰鍓瘝鐨勪綔鐢紝鍦ㄥ彞涓綔瀹捐ˉ鍜岀姸璇紝涓鑸敤how鎻愰棶锛屽悗涓嶅甫瀹捐锛屼絾鍙敤very锛宻o锛宷uite绛夎瘝淇グ锛屼篃鍙敤more鍜宮ost鍒嗗埆鏋勬垚姣旇緝绾у拰鏈楂樼骇銆傚鏋渧锛媔ng褰㈠紡鏄鏄庝富璇槸浠涔锛屽嵆涓昏鐨勫叿浣撳唴瀹癸紝寮鸿皟涓昏鐨勮涓恒佸姛鑳藉拰鐢ㄩ旂殑鍒欎负鍔ㄥ悕璇銆傚姩鍚嶈瘝璧风潃鍚嶈瘝鐨勪綔鐢紝鍦ㄥ彞涓綔涓昏鍜屽璇...
