急求各国美食的英文小介绍 急求关于世界美食的介绍(中文)

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Belgium is a highly industrialized country with only 5 percent of the working population involved in agriculture. Even so, they produce 165 different kinds of cheeses and many notable food products. Through history, the country has been invaded and ruled by many other people-the Romans, Vikings, French, Spanish, Austrians, Dutch, English, and Germans-and many great and famous battles have been fought on Belgium soil. This land has become a meeting point for the Germanic cultures of northern Europe and the Latin cultures of the south, and this has influenced their cuisine.

Cooking techniques and ingredients of the invaders were acquired by the natives, who by the Middle Ages developed a cuisine of their own. Today Belgians proudly say their food is cooked with French finesse and served with German generosity.

The country is famous for its mussels and frites (French-fried potatoes), waffles, and endive. Fine chocolates are a passion and exquisite chocolatiers dot the marketplace of every city. More beer is consumed than wine by the populace. Many beers are crafted by small artisanal brewers whose family recipes and techniques go back generations. Beer laces the national dish, carbonnades flamandes, a Flemish beef stew.

Belgians love potatoes and are fond of game and meat. Charcuterie, a basket of bread, and beer often make a meal. Fish and seafood are important. Hearty soups play a big role, and the so called waterzooies are the most typical.

Medieval cookery still influences the cuisine with today's prevalence of condiments, mustards, vinegars, and dried fruits that lend a sweet-sour and sweet-salty flavor to dishes. Almonds and spices are used in abundance, and fresh herbs lace appetizers, salads, meats, and even desserts.

Few cookbooks exist, but the newly published volume, Everybody Eats Well in Belgium by Ruth Van Werebeek (Workman) covers recipes from three generations of her family.

Visiting Belgium today, one is easily captivated by the endive, mussels, and chocolates, and each has a story behind it.

Belgian endive, or chicory, has a place of honor in dining and a unique style of cultivation. This vegetable was accidently discovered by a Belgian farmer, Jan Lammers, in 1830, when he returned from war and found his chicory (used for coffee and stored in the barn) had sprouted white leaves. He was captivated by its tangy, distinctive flavor. It was another 30 years before endive, known as witloof, became a successful crop. In 1872 it was introduced in Paris, to rave reviews, so popular it was called white gold.

Today it is still cultivated as a labor-intensive crop, either in soil in gardens or sheds, or hydroponically. Visiting Belgian in October 1996, I had the pleasure of seeing both methods harvested, and what a fascinating production it is. There are two phases to its growth. First the roots, or chicory, is harvested in July or August. Then the grower forces the endive to sprout the leaves. To achieve this, on small farms the roots are buried in damp sand-filled trenches inside a cellar or heated metal corrugated covers. The roots then produce thick, pale conical buds in 20 days and are hand pulled and the leaves cut. The roots become fodder for animals.

More recently, endive is also produced by hydroculture, by growing in water, and this is done year around. Today endive production has spread to California. We were told that the red endive now available in the States was accidentally produced from a disease of the seed. In the past, it used to be thrown away. Very little of the red strain is grown in Belgium.

A restaurant famous for its fifty endive dishes is Traiteur Restaurant Veilinghof, located at Lewensesteenweg 22, 1910 Kampenhout, Belgium. This bistro means "garden of the auction" as it is situated close to the auction house for produce that is marketed world-wide.

Dining at the bistro with Rudi Coosemans, the charming young president of the Belgian Endive Marketing Board and owner of Coosemans Belgium Specialty Produce, we savored superb endive dishes-a luscious creamy potato soup and braised endive gratin, the leaves sealed in ham and a rich cheese sauce, and we learned about this delicious leaf.

"In Belgian 99 out of 100 times endive is served hot, whereas in the States more likely it is served raw," said Coosemans. There is only 1 calorie per leaf and considerable nutritional value in its mineral content. The fresher it is, the sweeter and less bitter. Belgium now exports 3,000 tons a year to the United States. The price paid for endive grown in the traditional soil method is higher than for the water method.

In Brussels one evening, we delved into another food specialty-mussels at Chez Leon. Located in the Galerie de la Reine, a shopping street and market square with 60 restaurants, this is a bustling 100-year-old fish restaurant. It has expanded over the years into a row of eight old houses and is said to average 1,500 covers a day. It offers 12 different mussel preparations ranging from mussels escargot made with parsley butter, to a huge pot of mussels steamed in broth. Gratineed mussels with tomatoes and cheese and cold marinated mussels are other specialties. The busy restaurant also offers chicken, fish, and meats. It is smart to choose the beer over the house wine. The address is Rue des Bouchers 18, tel: 02/511-14-15. No reservations are necessary. There are dozens of other restaurants alongside, each displaying a fancy array of seafood and fresh produce on tables outdoors. Even in late October, night-time patrons were enjoying dining outdoors under canopies and heat lamps at many establishments.

On an afternoon food walking tour, we learned there are 90 breweries making 400 beers in the city. There are 2,00 restaurants in Brussels and 20 brands of chocolate shops. Among them, Leonidos is considered "the fast food of Belgian chocolate." Godiva and Neuhaus are popular and top-of-the-line, and Wittamer is considered the ultimate. Belgian praline is a general term for filled chocolates. In the shops, each candy has a name. It helps to know that gianduja is a milk chocolate and hazelnut paste blended while hot. Praline also means a mixture of milk chocolate and finely ground nuts or toffee. Nougatine is the same as praline, only larger pieces of nuts or toffee are used for a slight crunch. True Belgian chocolates have no preservatives and use no artificial flavors or coloring. The best ones are made with fresh cream and last only a few days. The chocolates are beautifully packaged and sold in boutiques decorated with gold, crystal, and mirrors.

Street food in Belgium means frites or French fries. Stands serve them in a paper cone accompanied by mayonnaise, bearnaise or curry sauce. Another popular fast food is the Belgian waffle. Stands in outdoor markets bake them with crunchy bits of pearl sugar in the batter. Roasted chestnuts are an aromatic item heating in outdoor stalls in the winter months.

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BURGUNDY\u4f2f\u6839\u7b2c\u5730\u533a

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NORMANDY\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u5730\u533a

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CLSACE\u582a\u8428\u65af\u5730\u533a

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PROVENCE\u666e\u51e1\u897f\u5730\u533a

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1 South Korea's kimchi practice :
The world-renowned Korean kimchi, Korea has become basically the signs.

韩国泡菜的韩国语读音:“听其” South Korea's kimchi Korean pronunciation: "listen to his"

配料:大白菜、蒜、盐、鱼露、辣椒粉、糖。 Ingredients: Chinese cabbage, garlic, salt, fish sauce, chili powder, sugar.

注意:鱼露是最必不可少的东西,也是为什么中国的酸辣泡菜和韩国泡菜最不同的地方,在韩国几乎家家自己做鱼露,中国人不吃这个东西,不过在大的超市里面有卖的,大约8-10元一瓶,多半是泰国的鱼露。 Note: The sauce is the most essential thing is the reason why the Chinese hot and sour kimchi and Korean kimchi to the greatest difference, almost every family in South Korea to do their own fish sauce, Chinese people do not eat this thing, but in the big supermarkets inside There are sales of about 8-10 yuan a bottle, most of the fish sauce in Thailand.

准备材料: To prepare materials:

1.白菜 1. Cabbage

白菜绿叶多,表皮薄,叶子密实,没有过多需要去除的外层叶子,看起来既干净又新鲜的为上选。 Chinese cabbage leaves, thin sheet, leaf density, there is no need to remove too much of the outer leaves, it looks clean and fresh for the last election. 储藏白菜以有绿叶,看起来新鲜的白菜为宜,新产的白菜越大越好,秋季白菜以大小适中,结球程度好,重量重的为好。 Storage Empoasca have to cabbage, Chinese cabbage fresh look is appropriate, the new production of the better Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage in the fall to size, the degree of cabbage, heavy weight for good. 白菜不仅含有丰富的维生素或矿物质,还含有各种具有多种药理作用的成分。 Chinese cabbage is not only rich in vitamins or minerals, but also contain a variety of pharmacological effects with a variety of ingredients. 据学术论文发表,白菜中含有的methyLmethionine是蛋氨酸的生物活性物质,对动脉硬化症具有疗效,而methyLsysteinsuLfoxid具有强化胆固醇的效果。 According to published academic papers, cabbage contains methyLmethionine the Met is the biological active substance, with effects on atherosclerosis, and methyLsysteinsuLfoxid have to strengthen the effectiveness of cholesterol.

2. 萝卜 2. Radish

萝卜主要由水分组成,含有丰富的维生素C和消化酶—淀粉糖化酶素,若生吃,则有助于消化。 Radish by water, rich in vitamin C and digestive enzymes - starch-glucoamylase, if raw, it helps digestion. 与萝卜心相比,维生素C主要分布在萝卜皮上,因此最好不要削皮,洗净后食用。 With the heart radish, vitamin C mainly in the Luobu Pi, so best not to peel, wash after eating. 萝卜以粗大而均匀、无疤痕、新鲜、色泽光润、肉质结实柔软、不太辣、有甜味的为上选。 The big carrot in uniform, no scars, fresh color Guangrun, succulent fruit is soft, not too spicy, sweet as the last election.

3.辣椒 3. Pepper

辣椒除胡萝卜素和维生素C之外,还含有多种成分。 In addition to the chili carotene and vitamin C, also contains a variety of ingredients. 辣椒素具有杀菌及除菌作用,能够促进唾液或胃液的分泌,促进消化。 Capsaicin has a role in sterilization and disinfection, saliva or be able to promote the secretion of gastric juice, and promote digestion. 此外,还具有提高体内各种代谢作用。 In addition, it has to raise all kinds of body metabolism. 腌制泡菜时使用的辣椒面宜选用在阳光底下晒干的色泽鲜红、肉质厚、表皮光润的尖椒。 Kimchi pickled pepper powder used in the selection should be dried in the sun under the bright red color, thick flesh, skin Guangrun Pepper's.

4.大蒜 4. Garlic

大蒜的源产地是中亚地区,是属于百合科的葱类,蒜头在地下。 Garlic is the source of origin in Central Asia, belongs to the Liliaceae onion category, and garlic in the ground. 蒜头被淡褐色的蒜皮包围,内部有5~6个小蒜瓣。 The garlic was light brown skin surrounded by garlic, there are 5 to 6 small Suanban. 普通农家栽培的代表性的土产品种是作为晚熟品种的六瓣蒜和多瓣蒜,以及长茎蒜。 The General cultivation of farm products represented as a late-maturing varieties are 6 species of garlic and garlic Duoban, as well as the long stems and garlic. 制作泡菜时多使用味道辛辣的多瓣蒜,而制作咸蒜或使用蒜叶时多使用长茎蒜。 Making more use of kimchi, when Duo Ban spicy garlic flavor, and the production of garlic salt or garlic when the leaves to make more use of long-stem garlic. 蒜中的主要刺激成分— 丙亚硫酸盐的杀菌力为碳酸的15倍,具有促进新陈代谢,镇痛、便秘、解毒等各种作用。 Garlic in the main components of stimulus - C sulfite sterilization of the force carbonate for 15 times, with the promotion of metabolism, pain, constipation, such as the role of detoxification.

5.葱 5. Onions

普通蔬菜是碱性,但葱含有丰富的硫磺,属于酸性食品。 Ordinary vegetables are alkaline, but the onions are rich in sulfur, acidic foods belong to. 葱是难以储藏的蔬菜,含水量为80%左右。 The green is difficult to store vegetables, the water content of 80%. 葱的绿色部分还含有丰富的维生素A和C。 Green onions also part of the rich in vitamins A and C. 因为葱的刺激成分中含有硫磺和丙化合物,具有杀菌、杀虫效果。 Onions because of the stimulating ingredients containing sulfur compounds and C, with sterilization, the effects of pesticides. 大葱挑选根茎粗大而新鲜的,细葱挑选叶子短而新鲜的。 The selection of roots and thick green onions fresh, fine selection of green leaves and fresh short. 两种葱同以葱白部分长而粗,有光泽的为宜。 Two very light blue to green onions with some of the long, thick, shiny appropriate.

6.生姜 6. Ginger

生姜与食醋、酱油、盐、蜂蜜等相合,不损伤食品固有的味道。 And ginger vinegar, soy sauce, salt, honey, such as consistency, does not damage the natural flavor of food. 水分占80%左右,含有丰富的无机物。 Water accounts for about 80%, rich in inorganic substances. 具有特有的香味和辛辣味道,其中辛辣味出自名为生姜素的物质,具有健胃发汗的特效,还有助于减肥。 Has a unique aroma and taste bitter, pungent flavor from the ginger-known material with Jianwei effects of sweating, but also contribute to weight loss. 瓣粗大、曲折不多,表皮薄而透明,纤维少的生姜不辛辣、水分多而柔软。 Large valve, not many twists and turns, the thin transparent skin, and less fiber of ginger is not hot, water and more soft.

7.刺海松 7. Thorn Haisong

是寄生在浅海边的绿藻类,整体呈深绿色,触感较光滑,钙和磷的含量比适中。 Is a parasitic in the shallow sea of green algae, and the overall dark green, smooth touch than that of calcium and phosphorus content than moderate. 腌制储藏白菜时使用。 Used to store pickled cabbage.

8.盐 8. Salt

盐在人类至今所利用的调味品中历史最悠久、最重要的。 Salt in human so far with the use of spices in the oldest, the most important thing. 因为盐不仅调节食品的咸淡,在营养或生理等方面都是其他物质无法代替的。 Salt not only because of the brackish regulation of food, nutrition and physical and so can not be replaced by other substances. 人体吸收的盐转化为钠和氯气,进入血液、消化液、组织液发挥渗透压作用,并参与酸度调节和神经肌肉的兴奋性调节。 The human body to absorb the salt into sodium and chlorine, into the blood, digestive juice, tissue fluid play the role of osmotic pressure, acidity and participate in the regulation of muscle and nerve excitability regulation.

9. 鱼虾酱汁 9. Fish sauce

是一种储藏发酵食品,储藏期间蛋白质分解为氨基酸,生成固有的味道和香气。 Is a kind of fermented food storage, storage period for the decomposition of protein amino acids to produce the inherent flavor and aroma. 鲜鱼的刺分解为易于吸收的钙,脂肪转化为挥发性脂肪酸,生成酱汁特有的味道和香气。 The fish gill broken down into easy-to-absorption of calcium into volatile fatty acids to produce sauce unique aroma and taste. 鱼虾酱汁作为优质的蛋白质和钙、脂肪质的供应源,是钙含量高的碱性食品,具有中和体液的重要作用。 Fish and shrimp sauce as a high-quality protein and calcium, fat quality of the source of supply is high calcium content of basic foods, and has an important role in the body fluids. 使用最普遍的虾酱,因脂肪少,所以清淡,凤尾鱼酱的脂肪和所需氨基酸的含量和热量最高。 The most common use of shrimp paste, as a result of less fat, so light, anchovy sauce and fat content of the amino acid requirements and the highest heat.

步骤: :

第一步:买5斤大白菜,分成一片一片的,用适量的盐腌起来,放大约15-24小时,白菜萎缩了以后最初步的的材料就好了。 The first step: 5 to buy Chinese jin, into a piece, with the amount of salted, put about 15-24 hours, cabbage after the initial contraction of the material would be enough.

第二步:找一个能翻得转的大锅,把蒜磨细(多一点,五斤大白菜大约3两蒜),辣椒粉(根据自己口味而定),然后放糖,鱼露(就像放酱油那样多),根据自己的口味还可以再放一些盐。 The second step: to find a big turn of a switch, ground garlic (a little more, about 3 Wujin two Chinese garlic), chili powder (according to their tastes may be), then sugar, fish sauce (on the Put as many as soy sauce), according to their own tastes can also add some salt. 把这些调料放在一起掺和搅和,就像和饺子馅一下就可以了。 These blending together seasoning mix, like dumplings and filling about it.

第三步:发酵发酵要密封,发酵的时间视温度而定,一般春天4-5天,夏天3天,冬天就需要一个星期了 The third step: to seal fermentation fermentation, the fermentation time as the temperature may be generally 4-5 days in the spring, summer, 3 days a week in winter on the

第四步:品尝美味的佳肴,注意的是请不要放得太久,建议单身的朋友做好以后一定要与朋友一起分享,要不然一个人吃不完放坏了就可惜了。 Step four: a taste of delicious food, noted that for too long, please do not put the proposed single friends to do a good job after we must share with friends, or else a person could not finish eating take pity on the bad.

2法国鹅肝
Traditional French foie gras production methods to make a brief introduction: gras (about 1300 grams) on the surface of the skin divisible, cut open and remove the blood vessels gras, sprinkled salt (12 grams), pepper (amount), Sugar (4 grams), cardamom powder (amount), about half an hour after applying brandy (a spoon), pickled to be about 2 hours later, into Pan, into the oven baking (oven temperature control 140 or so) take about 1 hour later, another home in the Pan-Pan air, the heavier objects will be top-down pressure-foie gras, the to be cooled into the refrigerator freezer, the food section when the mold. 这里需说明的是鹅肝酱并不是将鹅肝制成糊酱类的调味料,法式料理中的“鹅肝酱”是类似于我国的“糕”或“冻”之类,如“猪耳糕”、“水晶肴蹄”在成形上与它有相似之处。 Here take note of the foie gras is not gras will be made of class miso paste sauce, French cuisine in the "foie gras" is similar to China's "cake" or "cold" and the like, such as "fournieri Cake, "" crystal shoe confusion "in the shape it with similar. 一般来说,鹅肝酱用于煎菜最多,也常与面包或土司一起搭配食用。 In general, pan-fried foie gras for most dishes, often with bread or toast along with food. 目前在市场上的鹅肝酱有铁罐装和玻璃装两种,保质期约在2—3年,选择时以鹅肝酱中的块状愈大愈结实的愈好。 In the current market canned foie gras iron and glass mounted two in the shelf-life of about 2-3 years, the choice of foie gras in order to block the more solid the more the better. 需注意的是,市面上有许多产品并非是单纯的鹅肝酱,而是杂有其他成分的“杂肝酱” It must be noted is that there are many products on the market is not a simple foie gras, but there are other miscellaneous components of the "miscellaneous liver sauce"

3土耳其烤肉
Turkey's popular barbecue, with a special sauce for beef, mutton, pork, chicken marinated for soaking, use a thick iron bar a piece of meat to flee, causing a tower of meat, brush Oil, fire in the barbecue, Mnjikaning taste of life. 经过欧美美食家的独特改良,现今出现了旋转式烤肉机,烤熟的肉从肉塔上一片片削下。 Europe and the United States through the unique gourmet improved, appeared in today's rotary barbecue, Kao Shu meat from the tower on a piece of meat under the cut. 佐以沙拉,配料夹面饼食用。 Accompanied by salad, ingredients of food cake folder. 美味多滋,色泽鲜亮。 Zi and more delicious, bright color.

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