罗丹著名雕塑沉思的英文简介 罗丹 沉思者的英文介绍
\u7f57\u4e39\u8457\u540d\u96d5\u5851\u6c89\u601d\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7b80\u4ecbThe Thinker (French: Le Penseur) is a bronze and marble sculpture by Auguste Rodin held in the Mus\u00e9e Rodin in Paris. It depicts a man in sober meditation battling with a powerful internal struggle. It is often used to represent philosophy.Originally named The Poet, the piece was part of a commission by the Mus\u00e9e des Arts D\u00e9coratifs, Paris to create a monumental portal to act as the door of the museum. Rodin based his theme on The Divine Comedy of Dante and entitled the portal The Gates of Hell. Each of the statues in the piece represented one of the main characters in the epic poem. The Thinker was originally meant to depict Dante in front of the Gates of Hell, pondering his great poem. (In the final sculpture, a miniature of the statue sits atop the gates, pondering the hellish fate of those beneath him.) The sculpture is nude, as Rodin wanted a heroic figure in the tradition of Michelangelo, to represent intellect as well as poetry.Rodin made a first small plaster version around 1880. The first large-scale bronze cast was finished in 1902, but not presented to the public until 1904. It became the property of the city of Paris \u2013 thanks to a subscription organized by Rodin admirers \u2013 and was put in front of the Panth\u00e9on in 1906. In 1922, it was moved to the H�0�0tel Biron, which was transformed into a Rodin Museum.More than any other Rodin sculpture, The Thinker moved into the popular imagination as an immediately recognizable icon of intellectual activity; consequently, it has been subject to endless satirical use. This started in Rodin's lifetime. During the first season of the 1960s American sitcom The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, many episodes began and ended with the title character sitting on a park bench in the pose of the sculpture with a reproduction behind him.\u5e0c\u671b\u5e2e\u5230\u4f60\u5566~
The Thinker was originally conceived not in heroic isolation, but as part of Rodin's monumental Gates of Hell\u2014a pair of bronze doors intended for a museum of decorative arts in Paris. Although the doors were never cast during the sculptor's lifetime, they nevertheless provided Rodin a rich source of ideas for individual figures and groups that he worked and reworked for the rest of his career.
The theme for Gates of Hell was taken from Dante's Inferno, and this figure, planned for the lintel on top, was initially conceived as the poet himself. His nudity, though, marked him as a universal embodiment of every poet\u2014every creator\u2014who draws new life from the imagination. In the late 1880s Rodin began to exhibit the figure, sometimes with the title Poet, other times as Poet/Thinker. By 1896, however, it had become simply The Thinker, a still more universal image that reveals in physical terms the mental effort and even anguish of creativity. As Rodin himself described: "What makes my Thinker think is that he thinks not only with his brain, with his knitted brow, his distended nostrils and compressed lips, but with every muscle of his arms, back, and legs, with his clenched fist and gripping toes."
Rodin's Thinker exists today in many casts and sizes. More than fifty are known in this size\u2014which is the size of Rodin's original handmade clay model.
青铜，198×129.5×134厘米，法国雕塑家奥古斯特·罗丹创作于1880－1900年，藏于巴黎罗丹美术馆。 《思想者》的创作出自于《地狱之门》，那是为巴黎装饰艺术博物馆而做的大门。罗丹在设计《地狱之门》铜饰浮雕的总体构图时，花了很大的心血塑造了这一尊后来成为他个人艺术的里程碑的圆雕《思想者》，它是被预定放在未完成的《地狱之门》的门顶上的，原来被一些浅浮雕围绕着，这些浮雕是根据但丁的《神曲》而创作的。后来独立出来，放大3 倍。最初罗丹给这尊雕像命名为《诗人》，意在象征着但丁对于地狱中种种罪恶幽灵的思考。为了这个形象，罗丹倾注了巨大的艺术力量。 1988年，《思想者》第一次在哥本哈根展出，尺寸同《地狱之门》的相当（0.72m），名字叫做《诗人》。1889年，这尊以《思想者--诗人》为名的石膏像，在莫奈--罗丹巴黎连展中展出。从此以后，《思想者》成为唯一的名字，在世界各地无数的展览中出现。1904年，放大的《思想者》石膏像在伦敦第一次展出。同年铜雕像在巴黎的的全国美术展中展出，它被放在大宫殿中心穹顶下贵宾的位置。 雕像《思想者》，塑造了一个强有力的劳动男子。这个巨人弯着腰，屈着膝，右手托着下颌，默视下面发生的悲剧。他那深沉的目光以及拳头触及嘴唇的姿态，表现出一种极度痛苦的心情。他渴望沉入“绝对”的冥想，努力把那强壮的身体抽缩、弯压成一团。他的肌肉非常紧张，不但在全神贯注地思考，而且沉浸在苦恼之中。他注视着下面所演的悲剧，他同情、爱惜人类，因而不能对那些犯罪的人下最后的判决，所以他怀着极其矛盾的心情，在那深刻的沉思中，体现了伟大诗人但丁内心的苦闷。这种苦闷的内心情感，通过对面部表情和四肢肌肉起伏的艺术处理，生动地表现出来，例如那突出的前额和眉弓，使双目凹陷，隐没在暗影之中，曾强了苦闷沉思的表情，有如那紧紧收屈的小腿肌腱和痉挛般弯曲的脚趾，有力地传达了这种痛苦的情感。这种表面沉静而隐藏于内的力量更加令人深思。 关于罗丹为什么要用这尊粗壮结实的裸体形象来创造《思想者》，并准备把它安放在他的大件浮雕门饰《地狱之门》的顶上，不妨用罗丹自己的几句话来解释，他说：“一个人的形象和姿态必然显露出他心中的情感，形体表达内在精神。对于懂得这样看法的人，裸体是最具有丰富意义的。”雕刻家在这件作品中，一方面采用了现实主义的精确手法，同时表达了与诗人但丁相一致的人文主义思想，他们对人类的苦难遭遇寄予了极大的同情和悲痛。 《思想者》奠定了奥古斯特·罗丹在世界艺术史上的重要地位，《思想者》石膏原模的展出吸引了众多观众的目光。据说《思想者》曾被翻模浇注过近50件，遍布世界各地。此次参展的石膏原模不仅出自罗丹之手，甚至还保留着他的指纹。 另一代表作《青铜时代》、被喻为“新时代的大卫”的男性人体雕塑，是一个平凡青年男子的真实写照，它表现的是人类从蒙昧、野蛮中脱离出来而逐渐具有清醒意识的精神状态。在作品中运用人体来表达情感和揭示人性，是罗丹跨出了他艺术道路上关键性的一步。 罗丹被誉为西方传统雕塑集大成者，自罗丹开始，雕塑才成为西方艺术的重要一脉，罗丹也是西方艺术史上第一位拥有独立工作室和雕塑工厂，能够成批生产复制作品的艺术家。艺术家的价值，是让作品说话。雕塑家，首先是思想家。
绛旓細The Thinker (French: Le Penseur) is a bronze and marble sculpture by Auguste Rodin held in the Mus茅e Rodin in Paris. It depicts a man in sober meditation battling with a powerful internal struggle. It is often used to represent philosophy.Originally named The Poet, the piece was...
绛旓細The Thinker was originally conceived not in heroic isolation, but as part of Rodin's monumental Gates of Hell鈥攁 pair of bronze doors intended for a museum of decorative arts in Paris. Although the doors were never cast during the sculptor's lifetime, they nevertheless provided Rod...
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