大蚕饲育形式有哪些？ 蚕要怎么养
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\u3000\u3000\u5c0f\u8695\u7684\u9972\u517b\uff1a
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\u3000\u3000\u4e94 \u5927\u8695\u9972\u517b\uff1a
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（1）蚕匾育：蚕匾分为大圆匾和长方匾。大圆匾（直径1.5米）为竹制，长方匾（1.2米×0.8米）为竹制或木制。插在竹木搭制的梯形蚕架上，养蚕9～10层，适于1人操作。部分山区就地取材制成大型木框匾，木框匾层层叠起，可多达10层，各层之间四角垫以6～8厘米木块。给桑时，从上而下将蚕匾抬下，给桑后再层层叠起，依次进行。
塑料编织布蚕台示意图
（2）蚕台育：利用竹木或钢材搭制竖立的蚕架，同时用竹竿、木棍、钢管等材料在2片蚕架之间架设2根相距1.2～1.5米的平行横杆，在其上面铺展由芦柴、细竹竿、桑条、麻秆等编织的帘子或塑料编织布，即成为养蚕用的蚕台。可以建成多层蚕台，提高空间利用率。
（3）地面育：选择地面干燥、通风良好的房屋，打扫清洁，堵塞鼠洞、蚁穴，用1%有效氯的消毒液消毒。蚕座可采用畦条式，畦宽1.5米左右，长根据房屋大小而定。畦之间留操作道，宽约0.5米。也可不作畦，蚕室地面满地饲养，用方砖做几个墩，墩上放木板作为操作道。地面育可给予片叶、芽叶或条桑。地面育不除沙，多湿时可撒些干燥材料隔离，如石灰、切碎的稻草等。
（4）室外大棚育：用钢管、竹木、芦帘、稻草等材料搭建而成养蚕大棚，其高度和大小根据需要而定。有山尖二落水式、靠墙一落水式和拱顶船篷式三种。棚内搭蚕台1～2层养蚕，或不搭架直接在地面上饲养。大棚蚕台育有条桑育蚕台和片叶育蚕台两种。条桑育蚕台一般2层，上下相差80厘米，下层可在地面上饲养。片叶育蚕台可设7～8层，层间距离25厘米，下层距地面33厘米。
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