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D\uff0e\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u6c34\u7684\u574f\u5904\uff1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u80a5\u7682\uff0c\u6d17\u4e0d\u5e72\u51c0\u8863\u670d\uff1b\u9505\u7089\u5bb9\u6613\u7ed3\u6210\u6c34\u57a2\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d6a\u8d39\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u8fd8\u6613\u4f7f\u7ba1\u9053\u53d8\u5f62\u751a\u81f3\u5f15\u8d77\u9505\u7089\u7206\u70b8\u3002
5\u3001\u5176\u4ed6
\uff081\uff09 \u6c34\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002
\uff082\uff09 \u6c34\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a\u7528\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\uff0c\u82e5\u7531\u767d\u8272\u53d8\u4e3a\u84dd\u8272\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u6c34\u5b58\u5728\uff1bCuSO4+5H2O = CuSO4?5H2O
\u6c34\u7684\u5438\u6536\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u3001\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u3001\u56fa\u4f53\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u3001\u94c1\u7c89\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u6c22\u6c14 H2
1\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5411\u4e0b\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5\uff09\uff1b\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff08\u6392\u6c34\u6cd5\uff09
2\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a
\uff081\uff09 \u53ef\u71c3\u6027\uff08\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u9ad8\u80fd\u71c3\u6599\uff1b\u6c22\u6c27\u7130\u710a\u63a5\uff0c\u5207\u5272\u91d1\u5c5e\uff09
2H2+O2====2H2O \u70b9\u71c3\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u9a8c\u7eaf\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f\uff09
\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u6de1\u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130\uff0c\u653e\u51fa\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u6c34\u73e0\u4ea7\u751f
\uff082\uff09 \u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff08\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\uff09
H2 \uff0b CuO === Cu + H2O \u6c22\u6c14\u201c\u65e9\u51fa\u665a\u5f52\u201d
\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u9ed1\u8272\u7c89\u672b\u53d8\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u8bd5\u7ba1\u53e3\u6709\u6c34\u73e0\u751f\u6210
\uff08\u5c0f\u7ed3\uff1a\u65e2\u6709\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u7684\u7269\u8d28 H2\u3001C\u3001CO\uff09
3\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u6cd5
\u539f\u7406\uff1aZn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 +H2\u2191 Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl2 +H2\u2191
\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u539f\u56e0 \u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u6709\u5f3a\u6325\u53d1\u6027 \uff1b
\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u6216\u785d\u9178\u7684\u539f\u56e0 \u6d53\u786b\u9178\u548c\u785d\u9178\u6709\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u6027 \u3002
4\u3001\u6c22\u80fd\u6e90 \u4e09\u5927\u4f18\u70b9\u65e0\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u91cf\u9ad8\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u5e7f
\u4e09\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50
\u5206\u5b50 \u539f\u5b50
\u5b9a\u4e49 \u5206\u5b50\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u7269\u8d28\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5fae\u7c92 \u539f\u5b50\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5fae\u7c92\u3002
\u6027\u8d28 \u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u5c0f\uff1b\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1b\u6709\u95f4\u9699
\u8054\u7cfb \u5206\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u539f\u5b50\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u6784\u6210\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5fae\u7c92\u3002
\u533a\u522b \u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u3002
\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\uff1a\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u3001\u6784\u6210\u53ca\u5206\u7c7b
\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u7eaf\u51c0\u7269\uff09\u7531\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210
\u539f\u5b50\uff1a\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u7a00\u6709\u6c14\u4f53\u3001\u78b3\u3001\u7845\u7b49\u3002
\u7269\u8d28 \u6784\u6210 \u5206\u5b50\uff1a\u5982\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u7531\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u5206\u5b50\u6784\u6210\u3002 H2\u3001O2\u3001N2\u3001Cl2
\u79bb\u5b50\uff1aNaCl\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7531\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08Na+\uff09\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\uff08Cl-\uff09\u6784\u6210
\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff08\u591a\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\uff09
\u5206\u7c7b \u5355\u8d28 \uff1a\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u7a00\u6709\u6c14\u4f53
\u7eaf\u51c0\u7269 \uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff09
\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\uff09 \u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1a \u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269 CH4\u3001C2H5OH\u3001C6H12O6\u3001\u6dc0\u7c89\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff08\u591a\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff09
\u6c27\u5316\u7269 H2O CuO CO2
\u65e0\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269 \u9178 HCl H2SO4 HNO3
\u78b1 NaOH Ca(OH)2 KOH
\u7b2c\u56db\u5355\u5143 \u7269\u8d28\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u590d\u4e60\u5b66\u6848
1\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6784\u6210
\uff081\uff09\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6
\uff082\uff09\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\u6838\u7535\u8377\u6570=\u8d28\u5b50\u6570=\u6838\u5916\u7535\u5b50\u6570 \u51b3\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u79cd\u7c7b\u8d28\u5b50\u6570\uff08\u6838\u7535\u8377\u6570\uff09
\uff083\uff09\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u6838 \u4e0a \uff084\uff09\u4e09\u51b3\u5b9a \u51b3\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28 \u6700\u5916\u5c42\u7535\u5b50\u6570
\uff084\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u2248\u8d28\u5b50\u6570+\u4e2d\u5b50\u6570 \u51b3\u5b9a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u539f\u5b50\u6838
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff08Mg\uff0cHe\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u4e3a2\uff09
\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08He\uff0cNe\u5747\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\uff09
2\u3001\u5143\u7d20
\uff081\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6838\u7535\u8377\u6570\uff08\u8d28\u5b50\u6570\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u603b\u79f0
*\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u8d28\u5b50\u6570\u4e0d\u540c
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
*\u7531\u540c\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5355\u8d28\uff0c\uff08\u5982\u7531O2\u3001O3\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u6216\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u4e0e\u77f3\u58a8\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u53f7\u2014\u2014\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199
a\u3001\u4e66\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
b\u3001\u610f\u4e49
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a*\u6709\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u53f7\u8fd8\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u8d28 \u5982Fe\u3001He \u3001C \u3001Si
*\u5728\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u53f7\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6570\u5b57\u540e\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u5fae\u89c2\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8f\u89c2\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u59823O\uff1a\u53ea\u8868\u793a3\u4e2a\u6c27\u539f\u5b50
c\u3001\u6709\u5173\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868
*\u53d1 \u73b0\uff1a\u95e8\u6377\u5217\u592b
*\u6392\u5217\u4f9d\u636e
*\u6ce8\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6570=\u8d28\u5b50\u6570
d\u3001\u5206\u7c7b
e\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u6700\uff1a\u5730\u58f3\uff1aO\u3001Si\u3001Al\u3001Fe \u7ec6\u80de\uff1aO\u3001C\u3001H
3\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\uff1a\u5e26\u7535\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u56e2
\uff081\uff09\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5982Fe3+ \uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u5e263\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u6b63\u7535\u8377
\uff082\uff09\u79bb\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u8d28\u5b50\u6570=\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u5219\u4e3a\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe
*\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u2260\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u4e3a\u79bb\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe
\uff083\uff09\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb
\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b \u539f \u5b50 \u79bb \u5b50
\u9633\u79bb\u5b50 \u9634\u79bb\u5b50
\u533a
\u522b \u7c92\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784 \u8d28\u5b50\u6570=\u7535\u5b50\u6570 \u8d28\u5b50\u6570>\u7535\u5b50\u6570 \u8d28\u5b50\u6570<\u7535\u5b50\u6570
\u7c92\u5b50\u7535\u6027 \u4e0d\u663e\u7535\u6027 \u663e\u6b63\u7535\u6027 \u663e\u8d1f\u7535\u6027
\u7b26 \u53f7 \u7528\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a \u7528\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u7528\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a
\u4e8c\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff1a
1\u3001\u5316\u5408\u4ef7
a\u3001\u5199\u6cd5\u53ca\u610f\u4e49\uff1a Mg\uff1a\u9541\u5143\u7d20\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u4e3a+2\u4ef7 MgCl2\uff1a\u6c2f\u5316\u9541\u4e2d\u9541\u5143\u7d20\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u4e3a+2\u4ef7
b\u3001\u51e0\u79cd\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u4e49
Fe2+ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u5e26\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u6b63\u7535\u8377 3 Fe2+\uff1a3\u4e2a\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50
2H2O \u4e24\u4e2a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff0c \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u542b\u67092\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50
c\u3001\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u6b63\u3001\u8d1f\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u548c\u4e3a\u96f6
d\u3001\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u662f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u5316\u5408\u7269\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5355\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u4e3a0
2\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f
\uff081\uff09\u5199\u6cd5:
a\u5355\u8d28\uff1a\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u7a00\u6709\u6c14\u4f53\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fa\u6001\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\uff1b\u800c\u6c27\u6c14\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\u3001\u6c2e\u6c14\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u7b49\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e3aO2\u3001H2\u3001N2\u3001Cl2 \u3002
b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1a\u6b63\u4ef7\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u8d1f\u4ef7\u5728\u540e\uff08NH3\uff0cCH4\u9664\u5916\uff09
\uff082\uff09\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u5f0fH2O\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a4\u70b9 \u5316\u5b66\u5f0f Fe\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a3\u70b9
\uff083\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a
a\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf=\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u00d7\u539f\u5b50\u4e2a\u6570\u4e4b\u548c
b\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7269\u8d28\u7ec4\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\uff1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u00d7\u539f\u5b50\u4e2a\u6570\u4e4b\u6bd4
c\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u67d0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570
\u7b2c\u4e94\u5355\u5143\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u300b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9
\u4e00\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b:
1\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u53c2\u52a0\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5404\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5404\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u603b\u548c\u3002
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u2460\u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u5316\uff1b
\u2461\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u8d28\u91cf\u53ca\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u6210\u7269\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba1\u5165\u201c\u603b\u548c\u201d\u4e2d\uff1b
\u2462\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u5426\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u5982\u6c14\u4f53\uff09\u6709\u65e0\u9057\u6f0f\u3002
2\u3001\u5fae\u89c2\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u3001\u6570\u76ee\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u5747\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff08\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u4e0d\u53d8\u201d\uff09\u3002
3\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u524d\u540e \uff081\uff09\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8 \u5b8f\u89c2\uff1a\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u751f\u6210\u7269\u603b\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff1b\u5143\u7d20\u79cd\u7c7b\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8
\u5fae\u89c2\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u3001\u6570\u76ee\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8
\uff082\uff09\u4e00\u5b9a\u6539\u53d8 \u5b8f\u89c2\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8
\u5fae\u89c2\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8
\uff083\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u603b\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8
\u4e8c\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f
1\u3001\u9075\u5faa\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u2460\u4ee5\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e \u2461 \u9075\u5b88\u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b
2\u3001\u4e66\u5199\uff1a \uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aa\u3001\u914d\u5e73 b\u3001\u6761\u4ef6 c\u3001\u7bad\u53f7 \uff09
3\u3001\u542b\u4e49 \u4ee52H2+O2\u70b9\u71c32H2O\u4e3a\u4f8b
\u2460\u5b8f\u89c2\u610f\u4e49\uff1a \u8868\u660e\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u3001\u751f\u6210\u7269\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6 \u6c22\u6c14\u548c\u6c27\u6c14\u5728\u70b9\u71c3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u6c34
\u2461\u5fae\u89c2\u610f\u4e49\uff1a \u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u548c\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u5b50 \u6bcf2\u4e2a\u6c22\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e1\u4e2a\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u751f\u62102
\uff08\u6216\u539f\u5b50\uff09\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4 \u4e2a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50
\uff08\u5bf9\u6c14\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u4f53\u79ef\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff09
\u2462\u5404\u7269\u8d28\u95f4\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\uff08\u7cfb\u6570\u00d7\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff09 \u6bcf4\u4efd\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6c22\u6c14\u4e0e32\u4efd\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6c27\u6c14\u5b8c\u5168\u5316\u5408\u751f\u621036\u4efd\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6c34
4\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec
\u2460\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\uff09\uff1b\u2461\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u2462\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u751f\u6210\u7269\uff09\uff1b\u2463\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5404\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\uff1b\u2464\u53cd\u5e94\u524d\u540e\u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
5\u3001\u5229\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97
\u4e09\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b
1\u3001\u56db\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b
\u2460\u5316\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u6216\u4e24\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u2461\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u751f\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u6216\u4e24\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u2462\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u8d28\u548c\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u8d28\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u2463\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
2\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94
\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u5f97\u5230\u6c27\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u5931\u53bb\u6c27\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6c27\u7684\u7269\u8d28
\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\uff1a\u593a\u53d6\u6c27\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u5e38\u89c1\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\uff1aH2\u3001C\u3001CO\uff09
3\u3001\u4e2d\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u9178\u4e0e\u78b1\u4f5c\u7528\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u53cd\u5e94
\u7b2c6\u5355\u5143 \u78b3\u548c\u78b3\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269
\u4e00\u3001\u78b3\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u5355\u8d28
1\u3001\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\uff08C\uff09\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u786c\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u94bb\u77f3\u3001\u523b\u5212\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u94bb\u63a2\u673a\u7684\u94bb\u5934\u7b49\u3002
2\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\uff08C\uff09\u662f\u6700\u8f6f\u7684\u77ff\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\uff0c\u6da6\u6ed1\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u94c5\u7b14\u82af\u3001\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u7535\u6781\u3001\u7535\u8f66\u7684\u6ed1\u5757\u7b49
\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u548c\u77f3\u58a8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff1a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6392\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
CO\u548cCO2\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6784\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
3\u3001\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u78b3\uff1a\u7531\u77f3\u58a8\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u6676\u4f53\u548c\u5c11\u91cf\u6742\u8d28\u6784\u6210.\u4e3b\u8981\u6709:\u7126\u70ad,\u6728\u70ad,\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad,\u70ad\u9ed1\u7b49.
\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u3001\u6728\u70ad\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5438\u9644\u6027\uff0c\u7126\u70ad\u7528\u4e8e\u51b6\u94c1\uff0c\u70ad\u9ed1\u52a0\u5230\u6a61\u80f6\u91cc\u80fd\u591f\u589e\u52a0\u8f6e\u80ce\u7684\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001.\u5355\u8d28\u78b3\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28:
\u5355\u8d28\u78b3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u5404\u5f02,\u800c\u5404\u79cd\u5355\u8d28\u78b3\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u5374\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c!
1\u3001\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5f3a
2\u3001\u53ef\u71c3\u6027:
\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7(\u6c27\u6c14\u5145\u8db3),\u751f\u6210CO2 : C+O2\u70b9\u71c3CO2
\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7 (\u6c27\u6c14\u4e0d\u5145\u8db3),\u751f\u6210CO\uff1a2C+O2\u70b9\u71c32CO
3\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff1aC+2CuO \u9ad8\u6e29 2Cu+CO2\u2191 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u4e1a
\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u9ed1\u8272\u7c89\u672b\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u6210\u5149\u4eae\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u3002
2Fe2O3+3C\u9ad8\u6e294Fe+3CO2\u2191
\u4e09\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u5236\u6cd5
1\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u53d6\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff1a\uff08\u539f\u7406\u3001\u88c5\u7f6e\u3001\u68c0\u9a8c\uff09
\uff081\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u88c5\u7f6e\uff1a\u7531\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a
\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u662f\u56fa\u4f53\uff0c\u9700\u52a0\u70ed\uff0c\u5236\u6c14\u4f53\u65f6\u5219\u7528\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\u5236O2\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002
\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u662f\u56fa\u4f53\u4e0e\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u70ed\uff0c\u5236\u6c14\u4f53\u65f6\u5219\u7528\u5236H2\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ca\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a
\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7528\u6392\u6c34\u6cd5\u6536\u96c6 CO\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u6392\u6c34\u6cd5
\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u5927\u7528\u5411\u4e0a\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5 CO2\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u5411\u4e0a\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5
\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u5c0f\u7528\u5411\u4e0b\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5
2\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u6cd5
1\uff09\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u7528\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a CaCO3+2HCl==CaCl2+H2O+CO2\u2191
2) \u9009\u7528\u548c\u5236\u6c22\u6c14\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u88c5\u7f6e
3\uff09\u6c14\u4f53\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5411\u4e0a\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5
4\uff09\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u5236\u5f97\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u901a\u5165\u6f84\u6e05\u7684\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\uff0c\u5982\u80fd\u6d51\u6d4a\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002
\u9a8c\u6ee1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u7528\u70b9\u71c3\u7684\u6728\u6761\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u96c6\u6c14\u74f6\u53e3\uff0c\u6728\u6761\u7184\u706d\u3002\u8bc1\u660e\u5df2\u96c6\u6ee1\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6c14\u4f53\u3002
3\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u6cd5\uff1a
\u7145\u70e7\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\uff1a CaCO3\u9ad8\u6e29CaO+CO2\u2191
\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u548c\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u5f97\u719f\u77f3\u7070\uff1aCaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2
\u56db\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6027\u8d28
1\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272,\u65e0\u5473\u7684\u6c14\u4f53,\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u5927,\u80fd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34,\u9ad8\u538b\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u53ef\u5f97\u56fa\u4f53----\u5e72\u51b0
2\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28:
1)\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u71c3\u70e7,\u4e5f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9b\u7ed9\u547c\u5438
2)\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u78b3\u9178\uff1a CO2+H2O==H2CO3 \u751f\u6210\u7684\u78b3\u9178\u80fd\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u7684\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c
H2CO3 == H2O+ CO2\u2191 \u78b3\u9178\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a,\u6613\u5206\u89e3
3)\u80fd\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u7684\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\uff1aCO2+Ca(OH)2==CaCO3\u2193+H2O \u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002
4\uff09\u4e0e\u707c\u70ed\u7684\u78b3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a C+CO2\u9ad8\u6e292CO
\uff08\u5438\u70ed\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5316\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u53c8\u662f\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0cCO2\u662f\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0cC\u662f\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\uff09
3\u3001\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u706d\u706b\uff08\u706d\u706b\u5668\u539f\u7406\uff1aNa2CO3+2HCl==2NaCl+H2O+CO2\u2191\uff09
\u65e2\u5229\u7528\u5176\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u53c8\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28
\u5e72\u51b0\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u964d\u96e8\u3001\u5236\u51b7\u5242
\u6e29\u5ba4\u80a5\u6599
4\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u591a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u8fc7\u591a\u6392\u653e\u5f15\u8d77\u6e29\u5ba4\u6548\u5e94\u3002
\u4e94\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3
1\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\uff0c\u65e0\u5473\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u7565\u5c0f\uff0c\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34
2\u3001\u6709\u6bd2\uff1a\u5438\u8fdb\u80ba\u91cc\u4e0e\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4f53\u7f3a\u5c11\u6c27\u6c14\u800c\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002
3\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28: \uff08H2\u3001CO\u3001C\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u2460\u53ef\u71c3\u6027 \u2461\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff09
1\uff09\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\uff1a2CO+O2\u70b9\u71c32CO2 \uff08\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\u70b9\u71c3\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u68c0\u9a8c\u7eaf\u5ea6\uff09
H2\u548cO2\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u706b\u7130\u662f\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u6de1\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u706b\u7130\u3002
CO\u548cO2\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u706b\u7130\u662f\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u706b\u7130\u3002
CH4\u548cO2\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u706b\u7130\u662f\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u660e\u4eae\u7684\u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130\u3002
\u9274\u522b\uff1aH2\u3001CO\u3001CH4\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff1a\u770b\u71c3\u70e7\u4ea7\u7269\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u706b\u7130\u989c\u8272\uff09
\uff08\u6c34\u7164\u6c14\uff1aH2\u4e0eCO \u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6c14\u4f53 C + H2O\u9ad8\u6e29 H2 + CO\uff09
2\uff09\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff1a CO+CuO \u25b3 Cu+CO2 \uff08\u975e\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u4e1a
\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u6210\u5149\u4eae\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u3002
Fe2O3+3CO\u9ad8\u6e292Fe+3CO2\uff08\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u7ea2\u68d5\u8272\u7c89\u672b\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u6210\u9ed1\u8272\uff0c\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u3002\uff09
\u9664\u6742\uff1aCO[CO2] \u901a\u5165\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u6216\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\uff1a CO2+2NaOH==Na2CO3+H2O
CO2[CO] \u901a\u8fc7\u707c\u70ed\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u94dc CO+CuO \u25b3 Cu+CO2
CaO[CaCO3]\u53ea\u80fd\u7145\u70e7\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a0\u76d0\u9178\uff09 CaCO3\u9ad8\u6e29CaO+CO2\u2191
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u68c0\u9a8cCaO\u662f\u5426\u542bCaCO3\u52a0\u76d0\u9178 \uff1aCaCO3+2HCl==CaCl2+H2O+CO2\u2191
\uff08CO32-\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a\u5148\u52a0\u76d0\u9178\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u901a\u5165\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u3002\uff09
\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u65b0\u7f51
\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u901a\u6027\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3
\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u4e00\u7ae0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u521d\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u5b66\u4e60\u65e0\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u7c7b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5316\u5b66\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u542f\u8fea\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u638c\u63e1\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b
\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u5b66\u597d\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
1\uff0e\u9178\u53ca\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9178\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7535\u79bb\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u662fH+\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u201c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5168\u90e8\u201d\u3001\u201cH+\u201d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u786b\u9178\u548c\u76d0\u9178\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\u3002
\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027 \u76d0 \u9178 \u786b \u9178
\u9178\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c\u4f7f\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e0d\u53d8\u8272\u3002 \u76d0\u9178\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c
\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e0d\u53d8\u8272 \u786b\u9178\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c
\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e0d\u53d8\u8272\u3002
\u91d1\u5c5e+\u9178\u2192\u76d0+\u6c22\u6c14 Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2\u2191 Zn+ H2SO4 =ZnSO4+H2\u2191
\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u9178\u2192\u76d0+\u6c34 Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O Fe2O3+3H2SO4=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O
\u78b1+\u9178\u2192\u76d0+\u6c34 NaOH+HCl=NaCl+ H2O Cu(OH)2+H2SO4= CuSO4+2H2O
\u76d0+\u9178\u2192\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0+\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9178 AgNO3+HCl=AgCl\u2193+HNO3 BaCl2+H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193 +2HCl
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u5728\u2018\u91d1\u5c5e+\u9178\u2192\u76d0+\u6c22\u6c14\u2019\u4e2d\uff0c\u9178\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u6216\u785d\u9178\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u6216\u785d\u9178\u90fd\u6709\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u6027\uff0c\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u6c22\u6c14\u800c\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u6c34\uff1b\u91d1\u5c5e\u662f\u6307\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\u6392\u5728\u2018\u6c22\u2019\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6d3b\u6cfc\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u6392\u5728\u2018\u6c22\u2019\u540e\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f6e\u6362\u9178\u4e2d\u7684\u6c22\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u91d1\u5c5e\u8ddf\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u60c5\u51b5\u5bfc\u51fa\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\uff1a
K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb (H) Cu Hg Ag Pt Au
\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u7531\u5f3a\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5f31
\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d8a\u9760\u524d\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u8d8a\u5267\u70c8\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u77ed\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u5177\u6709\u5438\u6c34\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u3002\u786b\u9178\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8131\u6c34\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u76ae\u80a4\u6216\u8863\u670d\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u8150\u8680\u6027\u3002\u7a00\u91ca\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u6cbf\u7740\u5668\u58c1\u6162\u6162\u5730\u6ce8\u5165\u6c34\u91cc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u6405\u52a8\uff0c\u5207\u4e0d\u53ef\u628a\u6c34\u5012\u8fdb\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6c34\u6ce8\u5165\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u91cc\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f1a\u6d6e\u5728\u786b\u9178\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u6eb6\u89e3\u65f6\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u70ed\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6c34\u7acb\u523b\u6cb8\u817e\uff0c\u4f7f\u786b\u9178\u6db2\u5411\u56db\u5904\u98de\u6e85\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u4e8b\u6545\u3002
2\uff0e\u78b1\u53ca\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027
\u4e0e\u9178\u96f7\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u78b1\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7535\u79bb\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u5168\u90e8\u662fOH\uff0d\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u201c\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5168\u90e8\u201d\u3001\u201cOH\uff0d\u201d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027\u3002
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u78b1\u53ca\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027
\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499
\u78b1\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u84dd\uff0c\u4f7f\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\u3002 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u84dd\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\u3002 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u84dd\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\u3002
\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u78b1\u2192\u76d0+\u6c34 2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3\u2193+H2O
\u9178+\u78b1\u2192\u76d0+\u6c34 NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2O Ca(OH)2+H2SO4= CaSO4+2H2O
\u76d0+\u78b1\u2192\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0+\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1 2NaOH+CuSO4=Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2\u2193 Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3=CaCO3\u2193+2NaOH
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u53ea\u6709\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027\u78b1\u624d\u80fd\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u591a\u6570\u80fd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u8ddf\u6c34\u5316\u5408\u751f\u6210\u9178\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u76d0\u548c\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u4e66\u5199\u78b1\u8ddf\u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u6709\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u5148\u5199\u51fa\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u8ddf\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u542b\u6c27\u9178\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u542b\u6c27\u9178\u548c\u78b1\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\u5199\u51fa\u751f\u6210\u7269\u3002\u4e24\u5f0f\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u8ddf\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
3\uff0e\u76d0\u53ca\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76d0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u5373\u9178\u78b1\u7535\u79bb\u540e\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628aNaCl\u770b\u4f5c\u662fHCl\u548cNaOH\u7535\u79bb\u540e\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u76d0\u53ca\u76d0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28
\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28 \u5b9e \u4f8b
\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2+\u91d1\u5c5e\u2192\u76d0\u02ca+\u91d1\u5c5e\u02ca CuSO4+Zn= ZnSO4+Cu
\u76d0+\u9178\u2192\u76d0\u02ca+ \u9178\u02ca BaCl2+H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193 +2HCl
\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2+\u78b1\u6eb6\u6db2\u2192\u76d0\u02ca+\u78b1\u02ca 3NaOH+FeCl3=3NaCl+Fe(OH)3 \u2193
\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2+\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u2192\u76d0\u02ca+\u76d0\u02ca AgNO3+NaCl=AgCl\u2193+NaNO3
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6392\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u6392\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u4ece\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7f6e\u6362\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f46K\u3001Ca\u3001Na\u4e09\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u660e\u786e\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b
1\uff0e\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u53ca\u5176\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6
\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
\u901a\u5f0f\uff1aAB+CD=AD+CB
\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u6790\u51fa\u3001\u6c14\u4f53\u653e\u51fa\u6216\u6709\u6c34\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u3002
2\uff0e\u8fd0\u7528\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u4e66\u5199\u672c\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e86\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u901a\u6027\u548c\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u70b9\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\u548c\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e66\u5199\u6709\u5173\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e5f\u5c31\u8fce\u5203\u800c\u89e3\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u8981\u81ea\u5b66\u4e66\u540e\u9644\u5f55\u2162\u201c\u90e8\u5206\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u548c\u76d0\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u6eb6\u4e0e\u4e0d\u6eb6\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u518d\u591a\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e66\u5199\u6709\u5173\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fb9\u5199\u8fb9\u5de9\u56fa\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u591a\u6b21\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u4e66\u5199\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u5faa\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u96be\u4e8b\u3002
3\uff0e\u78b1\u4e0e\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94
\u4e09\u3001\u719f\u8bb0\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027
\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53e3\u8bc0\uff1a
\u94be\u94a0\u94f5\u76d0\u785d\u9178\u76d0\uff0c \u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u5c5e\u53ef\u6eb6\u76d0\u3002
\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u4e0d\u6eb6\u94a1\u548c\u94c5\uff1b \u9178\u6613\u6eb6\uff0c\u78b1\u96be\u6eb6\u3002
\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u4e0d\u6eb6\u94f6\u4e9a\u6c5e\uff0c \u78b3\u9178\u76d0\uff0c\u591a\u4e0d\u6eb6\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c
Cl\uff0d\u3001 \u3001 \u7684\u68c0\u9a8c
\u5b9e\u9a8c\u64cd\u4f5c \u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u8bba \u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f
Cl\uff0d \u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u6837\u54c1\u4e8e\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u52a0AgNO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u7a00HNO3 \u6709\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210 \u6837\u54c1\u542b\u6709Cl\uff0d
AgNO3+KCl=AgCl\u2193+KNO3
\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u6837\u54c1\u4e8e\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u52a0Ba(NO3)2\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u7a00HNO3 \u6709\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210 \u6837\u54c1\u542b\u6709
Ba(NO3)2+H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193+2HNO3
\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u6837\u54c1\u4e8e\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u52a0\u7a00HCl,\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u901a\u5165\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34 \u6709\u65e0\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u8be5\u6c14\u4f53\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a \u6837\u54c1\u542b\u6709
K2CO3+2HCl=2KCl+ CO2\u2191+H2O
CO2+Ca(OH)2= CaCO3\u2193+ H2O
\u7cdf\u7cd5 \u5b83\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8868\u683c \u4f60\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5427\u6ca1\u8868\u683c\u7684
\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f52\u7eb3
\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a
1\u3001 \u9178\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u2014\u2014\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50\uff0b\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50
2\u3001 \u78b1\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u2014\u2014\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\uff0b\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50
3\u3001 \u76d0\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u2014\u2014\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\uff0b\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50
4\u3001 \u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u3002AB+CD=AD+CB
5\u3001 \u7a00\u91ca\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u6cbf\u7740\u5668\u58c1\u6162\u6162\u5730\u6ce8\u5165\u6c34\u91cc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u6405\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u5207\u4e0d\u53ef\u628a\u6c34\u5012\u5165\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u91cc\u3002
6\u3001 \u4e2d\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u9178\u8ddf\u78b1\u4f5c\u7528\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u53eb\u505a\u4e2d\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u719f\u8bb0\u5e38\u89c1\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\u7684\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u53e3\u8bc0\uff1a
\uff08\u6b63\u4ef7\uff09\u4e00\u6c22\u94be\u94a0\u94f6\uff0c\u4e8c\u9499\u9541\u94a1\u950c\uff0c\u4e09\u94dd\u3001\u56db\u7845\u3001\u4e94\u6c2e\u78f7\u3002
\uff08\u8d1f\u4ef7\uff09\u8d1f\u4e00\u4ef7\uff1a\u6c1f\u3001\u6c2f\u3001\u6eb4\u3001\u7898\uff1b
\u8d1f\u4e8c\u4ef7\uff1a\u6c27\u548c\u786b\u3002
\uff08\u53ef\u53d8\u6b63\u4ef7\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e8c\u94dc\u6c5e\uff0c\u4e8c\u4e09\u94c1\uff0c\u4e8c\u56db\u78b3\uff0c\u56db\u516d\u786b\u3002
\uff08\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\u7684\u5316\u5408\u4ef7
\u8d1f\u4e00\u4ef7\uff1a\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\uff08OH\uff09\uff0c\u785d\u9178\u6839\uff08NO3\uff09\uff0c\u6c2f\u9178\u6839\uff08ClO3\uff09\uff0c\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u6839\uff08MnO4\uff09\uff1b
\u8d1f\u4e8c\u4ef7\uff1a\u786b\u9178\u6839\uff08SO4\uff09\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u6839\uff08CO3\uff09\uff0c\u4e9a\u786b\u9178\u6839\uff08SO3\uff09\uff0c\u9530\u9178\u6839\uff08MnO4\uff09\uff1b
\u8d1f\u4e09\u4ef7\uff1a\u78f7\u9178\u6839\uff08PO4\uff09\uff1b
\u6b63\u4e00\u4ef7\uff1a\u94f5\u6839\uff08NH4\uff09\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u719f\u8bb0\u4e0b\u5217\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a
\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u9178\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff081\uff09\u4e0e\u6307\u793a\u5242\u53cd\u5e94 \u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e0d\u53d8\u8272\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u9178 \uff0b \u78b1 \uff1d \u76d0 \uff0b \u6c34\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u9178 \uff0b \u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269 \uff1d \u76d0 \uff0b \u6c34\u3002
\uff084\uff09\u9178 \uff0b \u6d3b\u6cfc\u91d1\u5c5e \uff1d \u76d0 \uff0b \u6c22\u6c14\u3002
\uff085\uff09\u9178 \uff0b \u76d0 \uff1d \u65b0\u76d0 \uff0b \u65b0\u9178\u3002
1\u3001 \u950c\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl2 + H2 \u2191 \u6709\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u950c\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\u3002
2\u3001 \u950c\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2 \u2191
3\u3001 \u94c1\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Fe + 2HCl = FeCl2 + H2 \u2191 \u6709\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u94c1\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c
4\u3001 \u94c1\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Fe + H2SO4 =FeSO4 + H2 \u2191 \u6eb6\u6db2\u53d8\u6210\u6d45\u7eff\u8272\u3002
5\u3001 \u94c1\u9508\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 +6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O \u7ea2\u8272\u94c1\u9508\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c
6\u3001 \u94c1\u9508\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O \u6eb6\u6db2\u53d8\u6210\u9ec4\u8272
7\u3001 \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + 2HCl =CuCl2 +H2O \u9ed1\u8272\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c
8\u3001 \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + H2SO4 = CuSO4 + H2O \u6eb6\u6db2\u53d8\u6210\u84dd\u8272\u3002
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u78b1\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u78b1\u6eb6\u6db2\u80fd\u4f7f\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u84dd\u8272\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\u8272\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u78b1 \uff0b \u591a\u6570\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269 \uff1d \u76d0 \uff0b \u6c34
\uff083\uff09\u78b1 \uff0b \u9178 \uff1d \u76d0 \uff0b \u6c34
\uff084\uff09\u78b1\uff0b\u67d0\u4e9b\u76d0 \uff1d \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0 \uff0b \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1
1\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O
2\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + SO2 = Na2SO3 + H2O
3\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + SO3 = Na2SO4 + H2O
4\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u8ddf\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCa(OH)2 + CO2 = CaCO3\u2193 + H2O \u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a
5\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O
6\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
7\u3001 \u751f\u77f3\u7070\u8ddf\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaO + H2O =Ca(OH)2
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u76d0 \uff0b \u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\uff1d\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0 \uff0b \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u76d0 \uff0b \u67d0\u4e9b\u9178 \uff1d \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0 \uff0b \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9178\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u76d0 \uff0b \u67d0\u4e9b\u78b1 \uff1d \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0 \uff0b \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1
\uff084\uff09\u76d0 \uff0b \u67d0\u4e9b\u76d0 \uff1d \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0 \uff0b \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
1\u3001 \u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u8ddf\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuSO4 + Fe = ZnSO4 +Fe \u94c1\u8868\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u7ea2\u8272\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7531\u84dd\u8272\u53d8\u6d45\u7eff\u8272
2\u3001 \u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u8ddf\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNa2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl +H2O +CO2\u2191\u6709\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11
3\u3001 \u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u94a0\u8ddf\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNaHCO3 + HCl = NaCl +H2O + CO2\u2191\u6709\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11
4\u3001 \u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 +H2O +CO2\u2191\u6709\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11
5\u3001 \u785d\u9178\u94f6\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAgNO3 + HCl = AgCl\u2193 +HNO3 \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
6\u3001 \u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aBaCl2 + H2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193 + 2HCl \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
7\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u6839\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCa(OH)2 + Na2CO3 = 2NaOH + CaCO3\u2193 \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
8\u3001 \u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\u8ddf\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl\u2193 + NaNO3\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
9\u3001 \u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aBaCl2 + Na2SO4 = 2NaCl + BaSO4\u2193\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
\u56db\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\uff1a
K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb (H) Cu Hg Ag Pt Au
\u4e94\u3001\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u8868\uff1a
\uff081\uff09 \u5927\u591a\u6570\u9178\u53ef\u6eb6\uff08HCl\u3001HNO3\u3001H2CO3\u6709\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u3001\u6d53H2SO4\u6709\u5438\u6c34\u6027\u3002\uff09
\uff082\uff09 \u78b1\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\uff1a\u94be\u3001\u94a0\u3001\u94a1\u3001\u94f5\u6eb6\u3001\u9499\u5fae\u6eb6\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u78b1 \u5168\u4e0d\u6eb6\u3002
\uff083\uff09 \u76d0\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\uff1a
\u94be\u3001\u94a0\u3001\u94f5\u3001\u785d\u56db\u76d0\u6eb6\u3002
\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u9664AgCl\u4e0d\u6eb6\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u6eb6\u3002
\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u9664BaSO4\u4e0d\u6eb6\uff0cAg2SO4\u3001CaSO4\u5fae\u6eb6\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u6eb6\u3002
\u78b3\u9178\u76d0\u9664\u94be\u3001\u94a0\u3001\u94f5\u76d0\u5168\u6eb6\u3001MgCO3\u5fae\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u4e0d\u6eb6\u3002
\u516d\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a
1\u3001 \u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e2d\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u6790\u51fa\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u6c14\u4f53\u653e\u51fa\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u6c34\u751f\u6210
2\u3001 \u91d1\u5c5e\u8ddf\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014
\uff081\uff09 \u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u8981\u6392\u5728\u6c22\u524d\u3002
\uff082\uff09 \u6d53\u786b\u9178\u3001\u785d\u9178\u8ddf\u91d1\u5c5e\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u6c22\u6c14\u3002
\uff083\uff09 \u94c1\u53d1\u751f\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\uff0b2\u4ef7\u7684\u94c1\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002
3\u3001 \u91d1\u5c5e\u8ddf\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014
\uff081\uff09\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u8981\u6bd4\u76d0\u4e2d\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u6cfc\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u76d0\u8981\u53ef\u6eb6\u3002
\uff083\uff09K\u3001Ca\u3001Na\u3001Ba\u7b49\u91d1\u5c5e\u8ddf\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u3002
4\u3001 \u76d0\u8ddf\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u90fd\u8981\u53ef\u6eb6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7269\u8981\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002
5\u3001 \u76d0\u8ddf\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u90fd\u8981\u53ef\u6eb6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7269\u8981\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\u3002
\u4e03\u3001\u719f\u8bb0\u5e38\u89c1\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4fd7\u79f0\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\uff1a
\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u2014\u2014 CaO \u719f\u77f3\u7070\u2014\u2014Ca(OH)2 \u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u3001\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u2014\u2014 CaCO3
\u98df\u76d0\u2014\u2014NaCl \u706b\u78b1\u3001\u70e7\u78b1\u3001\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u2014\u2014 NaOH \u7eaf\u78b1\u3001\u82cf\u6253\u2014\u2014Na2CO3
\u5c0f\u82cf\u6253\u2014\u2014 NaHCO3 \u94c1\u9508\u3001\u8d64\u94c1\u77ff\u2014\u2014Fe2O3 \u8d64\u94c1\u77ff\u2014\u2014 Fe3O4
\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\u2014\u2014 C \u5e72\u51b0\u2014\u2014CO2 \u51b0\u2014\u2014 H2O
\u5929\u7136\u6c14\uff08\u7532\u70f7\uff09\u2014\u2014CH4 \u9152\u7cbe\uff08\u4e59\u9187\uff09\u2014\u2014 C2H5OH \u918b\u9178\uff08\u4e59\u9178\uff09\u2014\u2014CH3COOH
\u516b\u3001\u719f\u8bb0\u5e38\u89c1\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff1a
\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014Cu\u3001Fe2O3 \u3001P\uff08\u7ea2\u78f7\uff09
\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014C\u3001CuO\u3001Fe3O4\u3001FeO\u3001MnO2
\u767d\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014KClO3\u3001P2O5\u3001P\uff08\u767d\u78f7\uff09\u3001CuSO4\uff08\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\uff09\u3001KCl\u3001NaCl\u7b49
\u6697\u7d2b\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014KMnO4 \u9ec4\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014 S
\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u2014CuSO4•5H2O \u84dd\u8272\u7d6e\u72b6\u6c89\u6dc0\u2014\u2014Cu\uff08OH\uff092
\u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u7d6e\u72b6\u6c89\u6dc0\u2014\u2014Fe\uff08OH\uff093 \u5e38\u89c1\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u9178\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u2014\u2014BaSO4\u3001AgCl
\u6eb6\u4e8e\u9178\u5e76\u653e\u51fa\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u2014\u2014BaCO3\u3001CaCO3\u7b49\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u78b3\u9178\u76d0\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0
\u6eb6\u4e8e\u9178\u4f46\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u2014\u2014Mg\uff08OH\uff092\u3001Al\uff08OH\uff093\u7b49\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u78b1\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0
\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u2014\u2014 CuSO4\u3001CuCl2\u3001Cu\uff08NO3\uff092\u7b49\u542bCu2\uff0b\u6eb6\u6db2
\u6d45\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u2014\u2014FeSO4\u3001FeCl2\u7b49\u542bFe2\uff0b\u6eb6\u6db2
\u9ec4\u8272\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u2014\u2014FeCl3\u3001Fe2\uff08SO4\uff093\u3001Fe\uff08NO3\uff093\u7b49\u542bFe3\uff0b\u6eb6\u6db2
\u4e5d\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u9274\u522b\uff1a
1\u3001 \u68c0\u9a8c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\uff08\u6216Cl\uff0d\uff09\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u6db2\u4f53\u4e8e\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u5165\u51e0\u6ef4AgNO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u7a00HNO3\uff0c\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f\u3002
2\u3001 \u68c0\u9a8c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\uff08\u6216SO42\uff0d\uff09\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u6db2\u4f53\u4e8e\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u5165\u51e0\u6ef4BaCl2\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u7a00HNO3\uff0c\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f\u3002
3\u3001 \u68c0\u9a8cCO32\uff0d\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u6db2\u4f53\u4e8e\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u5165\u51e0\u6ef4\u7a00HCl\uff0c\u6709\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u3002
4\u3001 \u68c0\u9a8cNH4\uff0b\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u7269\u4e8e\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ef4\u5165\u9002\u91cfNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u5e76\u52a0\u70ed\uff0c\u6709\u4f7f\u6e7f\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u53d8\u6210\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u3002
5\u3001 \u9274\u522b\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u2014\u2014\u5206\u522b\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u6db2\u4f53\u4e8e\u4e24\u652f\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u6ef4\u5165\u51e0\u6ef4BaCl2\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u539f\u6eb6\u6db2\u662f\u7a00\u786b\u9178\uff0c\u65e0\u73b0\u8c61\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u539f\u6eb6\u6db2\u662f\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u3002
6\u3001 \u9274\u522bCa\uff08OH\uff092\u548cNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u2014\u2014\u5206\u522b\u53d6\u5c11\u91cf\u5f85\u68c0\u6db2\u4f53\u4e8e\u4e24\u652f\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u901a\u5165CO2\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u6216\u5404\u6ef4\u5165\u51e0\u6ef4Na2CO3\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u539f\u6eb6\u6db2\u662fCa\uff08OH\uff092\uff0c\u65e0\u73b0\u8c61\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u539f\u6eb6\u6db2\u662fNaOH\u3002
\u25ce\u8865\u5145\u4e0b\u5217\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a
1\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u8ddf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Cu(OH)2 + 2HCl = CuCl2 + 2H2O \u84dd\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u6d88\u5931
2\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u8ddf\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4 = CuSO4 + 2H2O \u53d8\u6210\u84dd\u8272\u6eb6\u6db2
3\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + CuSO4 = Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 \u2193 \u6709\u84dd\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
4\u3001 \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u8ddf\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3NaOH + FeCl3 = Fe(OH)3\u2193 +3NaCl \u6709\u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ea7\u751f
\u25ce\u5224\u65ad\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u6027\u2014\u2014\u7528\u6307\u793a\u5242\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u7528pH\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
\u4e2d\u6027
\u2190 \u9178\u6027\u589e\u5f3a \u78b1\u6027\u589e\u5f3a \u2192
\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a \u65e0\u8272\u915a\u915e
pH<7\u4e3a\u9178\u6027 \u663e\u7ea2\u8272 \u663e\u65e0\u8272
pH=7\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6027 \u663e\u7d2b\u8272 \u663e\u7ea2\u8272
pH>7\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027 \u663e\u84dd\u8272 \u663e\u7ea2\u8272
\u25ce\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1a
1\u3001\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u53ef\u5e72\u71e5\uff1a\u9178\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aCO2\u3001SO2\u3001SO3\u3001NO2\u3001HCl\u3001\uff09
\u4e2d\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aH2\u3001O2\u3001N2\u3001CO\uff09
\u203b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e72\u71e5\u78b1\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aNH3\uff09
2\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u56fa\u4f53\u3001\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u3001\u78b1\u77f3\u7070\u53ef\u5e72\u71e5\uff1a\u78b1\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aNH3\uff09
\u4e2d\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aH2\u3001O2\u3001N2\u3001CO\uff09
\u203b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e72\u71e5\u9178\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5982\uff1aCO2\u3001SO2\u3001SO3\u3001NO2\u3001HCl\u3001\uff09
3\u3001\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u56fa\u4f53\u9047\u6c34\u7531\u767d\u8272\u53d8\u84dd\u8272\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u9a8c\u6c34\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u3002
疯狂的做题做越多越好，训练做题速度，30分钟完成一套中考化学卷。绝对有用
背化学方程式，多做计算题
好好记忆周期表，理解透酸碱中和反应的本质
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