英语名词复数形式英语名词复数形式规律

\u82f1\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u53d8\u590d\u6570\u89c4\u5219

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\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u7ed3\u5c3e\u662f\u6e05\u8f85\u97f3\u8bfb[s]\uff0c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u662f\u6d4a\u8f85\u97f3\u6216\u5143\u97f3\u8bfb[z]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1afriend\u2192friends; cat\u2192cats; style\u2192styles; sport\u2192sports; piece\u2192pieces

\u4e8c\u3001\u51e1\u662f\u4ee5s\u3001z\u3001x\u3001ch\u3001sh\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u8bcd\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a\u540e\u8f8d-es\u6784\u6210\u590d\u6570\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u52a0\u8bfb[iz]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1abus\u2192buses; quiz\u2192quizzes; fox\u2192foxes; match\u2192matches; flash\u2192flashes

\u4e09\u3001\u4ee5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd+y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c06y\u6539\u53d8\u4e3ai\uff0c\u518d\u52a0-es\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u52a0\u8bfb[z]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1acandy\u2192candies; daisy\u2192daisies; fairy\u2192fairies; lady\u2192ladies; story\u2192stories

\u56db\u3001\u4ee5-o\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\u6216\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u52a0-es\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u52a0-s\u6784\u6210\u590d\u6570\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u52a0\u8bfb[z]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1atomato\u2192tomatoes; potato\u2192potatoes; torpedo\u2192torpedoes; bingo\u2192bingoes
\u53cd\u4f8b\uff1asilo\u2192silos; piano\u2192pianos\uff08\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\uff09; photo\u2192photos; macro\u2192macros\uff08\u7f29\u5199\u8bcd\uff09

\u4e94\u3001\u4ee5-f\u6216-fe\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u591a\u4e3a\u5c06-f\u6216-fe\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a-ves\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u5c3e\u97f3[f]\u6539\u8bfb[vz]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1aknife\u2192knives; life\u2192lives; leaf\u2192leaves; staff\u2192staves; scarf\u2192scarves
\u53cd\u4f8b\uff1aroof\u2192roofs

\u516d\u3001\u4ee5-us\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff08\u591a\u4e3a\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06-us\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a-i\u6784\u6210\u590d\u6570\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u5c3e\u97f3[Es]\u6539\u8bfb[ai]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d[kEs]\u8981\u6539\u8bfb\u4e3a[sai]\uff0c[gEs]\u8981\u6539\u8bfb\u4e3a[dVai]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1afungus\u2192fungi; abacus\u2192abaci; focus\u2192foci; cactus\u2192cacti; cestus\u2192cesti

\u4e03\u3001\u4ee5-is\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06-is\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a-es\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u5c3e\u97f3[is]\u6539\u8bfb[i:z]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1aaxis\u2192axes; basis\u2192bases; naris\u2192nares; hypothesis\u2192hypotheses; restis\u2192restes

\u516b\u3001\u4ee5-ix\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06-ix\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a-ices\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u5c3e\u97f3[iks]\u6539\u8bfb[isi:z]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1amatrix\u2192matrices; directrix\u2192directrices; calix\u2192calices; appendix\u2192appendices \u53cd\u4f8b\uff1aaffix\u2192affixes

\u4e5d\u3001\u4ee5-um\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c06-um\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a-a\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u53bb\u6389\u9f3b\u5c3e\u97f3[m]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1aforum\u2192fora; stadium\u2192stadia; aquarium\u2192aquaria; datum\u2192data; vacuum\u2192vacua

\u5341\u3001\u4ee5-a\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u8bcd\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a\u540e\u8f8d-e\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u5c3e\u97f3[E]\u6539\u8bfb[i:]\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1alarva\u2192larvae; formula\u2192formulae; ala\u2192alae; media\u2192mediae; hydra\u2192hydrae

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u97f3\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1afish\u2192fish; sheep\u2192sheep; cattle\u2192cattle; deer\u2192deer; salmon\u2192salmon

\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002
\u8bfb\u97f3\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1aman\u2192men; woman\u2192women; child\u2192children; person\u2192people; ox\u2192oxen

\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u5355\u6570\u8bcd\u5f97\u52a0en\u624d\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\u590d\u6570\u8bcd\uff1a
\u4f8b\uff1aox\u2192oxen; child\u2192children; brother\u2192brethren

\u5341\u56db\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u5355\u6570\u8bcd\u5f97\u6539\u5934\u6362\u9762\u4e00\u756a,\u624d\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\u590d\u6570\u8bcd
\u4f8b\uff1aanalysis\u2192analyses\u5206\u6790; basis\u2192bases\u57fa\u7840; datum\u2192data\u6570\u636e; foot\u2192feet;
formula\u2192formulae/formulas\u516c\u5f0f; goose\u2192geese; louse\u2192lice\u8671\u5b50; man\u2192men
mouse\u2192mice; medium\u2192media/mediums\u5a92\u4ecb; memorandum\u2192memoranda/memorandums\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55;
parenthesis\u2192parentheses \u5706\u62ec\u53f7; phenomenon\u2192phenomena\u73b0\u8c61; radius\u2192radii \u534a\u5f84
tooth\u2192teeth; woman\u2192women

\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u662f\u5355\u6570\u3001\u590d\u6570\u4e0d\u5206\u7684
\u4f8b\uff1adeer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon \u9c91\u9c7c; trout \u9cdf\u9c7c

\u5341\u516d\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u867d\u5206\u5355\u6570\u3001\u590d\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u591a\u7684\u603b\u662f\u5355\u6570\u8bcd
\u4f8b\uff1aabscence; clothing; film; help; furniture\u5bb6\u5177; machinery\u673a\u68b0; news; scenery\u98ce\u666f; sugar;
traffic\u4ea4\u901a

\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u5219\u4ee5\u590d\u6570\u8bcd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u8f83\u591a
\u4f8b\uff1abellows\u98ce\u7bb1; clothes; police; shorts\u77ed\u88e4; scissors\u526a\u5200; spectacles\u773c\u955c; shears\u5927\u526a\u5200
trousers\u957f\u88e4; wages\u5de5\u8d44

\u5341\u516b\u3001compound nouns\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u590d\u6570\u8bcd\u662f\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6765\u8868\u793a
\u4f8b\uff1adaughter-in-law\u2192daughters-in-law \u5ab3\u5987; father-in-law\u2192fathers-in-law\u5cb3\u7236
man-of-war\u2192men-of-war\u5175\u8230; maid-servant\u2192maid-servants
step-son\u2192step-sons\u665a\u5b50; son-in-law\u2192sons-in-law

\u5341\u4e5d\u3001\u82e5\u8868\u8fbe\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u6570\u91cf\u8bcd
\u4f8b\uff1apair(\u5bf9\uff0c\u53cc); suit(\u5957); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

\u4e8c\u5341\u3001\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u7279\u522b\u610f\u601d\uff0c
\u4f8b\uff1agoods\u8d27\u7269\uff0cwaters\u6c34\u57df\uff0cfishes\uff08\u5404\u79cd\uff09\u9c7c

\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u9664\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u5143\u3001\u89d2\u3001\u5206\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u3001\u82f1\u9551\u3001\u6cd5\u90ce\u7b49\u90fd\u6709\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
\u4f8b\uff1aa dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

1、一般在名词词尾加s。如：dog-dogs, house-houses, gram-grams，officer-officers.

2、以s,ss,sh, ch及x结尾的名词加es构成其复数形式。如： kiss-kisses, watch-watches, box-boxes, bush-bushes glass-glasses.

3、以o结尾，注意以下几点：

（1）一般在词尾加es.如：tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes.

（2）如果是外来语或缩写名词, 则加s。如：piano-pianos, dynamo-dynamos, photo-photos, kimono-kimonos, biro-biros.

（3）有些以o结尾的名词,其o前是元音字母则加-s。如：studio-studios, radio-radios.

（4）以oo结尾的名词只加s。如：zoo-zoos.

4、以“辅音字母 + y“ 结尾的名词，则先把y改成i，再加es。如：baby-babies, university-universities, fly-flies, impurity-impurities.

5、下列以f或fe结尾的名词，须先将f或fe改成v，再加es。这些名词是：calf, half , knife, leaf, life, loaf, self, sheaf, shelf, thief, wife, wolf 等。如：wife-wives, wolf-wolves, calf-calves.（像roof等词直接加s，如果是初中阶段，掌握roofs一个特别单词就行了）。

6、以下几个名词scarf, wharf, hoof, handkerchief等的复数形式，可先将f或fe改成v，再加es；也可直接加s

即scarfs或scarves, wharfs或wharves, hoofs或hooves, handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。

7、特殊变化，具体记忆：man-men,womam-women,child-children.

8、单、复数同行：鱼：fish，羊：sheep，鹿：deer，中国人：Chinese，日本人：Japanese。

扩展资料

英语上名词按可数与否可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词按数目又可分为单数名词和复数名词两类。（注：不可数名词没有复数形式如water(水)。）单数名词主要用来表示“一个”东西的概念。数量大于“1”就应用复数名词来描述。

名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。

1、用复数作定语。例如：

sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室

talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系

2、 man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：

men workers　women teachers　gentlemen officials

3、有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如：

goods train （货车） arms produce　武器生产

customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷

4、数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如：

two-dozen eggs　两打鸡蛋　a ten-mile walk 十英里路

two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.　一个五年计划

参考资料：百度百科-复数名词

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
规则例词
1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3 以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,
2. 不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
规则例词
1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2 单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3 只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff
5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7 表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8 合成名词将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
规则例词
1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3 以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,
2. 不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
规则例词
1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2 单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3 只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff
5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7 表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8 合成名词将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants

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英语 名词复数形式 英语名词复数形式规律

扩展资料

英语名词复数形式英语名词复数形式规律