如何理解"君子群而不党，小人党而不群
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【注释】
①矜(jīn)：庄重自尊.②党：这里指结党营私,搞宗派.
【译文】
孔子说：“君子庄重自尊而不与人争强斗胜,团结群众而不结党营私.”
【读解】
矜而不争是庄重自尊,自己对自己很有信心,但却并不骄傲 自满,所以也就不会去和他人争强斗胜.
群而不党也就是孔子在《为政》篇里所说“君子周而不比,小 人比而不周”的意思.周而不比就是群而不党,普遍团结人而不搞宗派,不拉小团体,不结党营私.
朱熹在《论语集注》中说：“君子小人所为不同,如阴阳昼夜,每每相反.然究其所以分,则在公私之际,毫厘之差耳.”
君子出于公心,小人囿于私利.
出于公心所以能胸怀宽广,纳百川而归于海,搞五湖四海而 不搞拉帮结派.
出于私利所以就心胸狭窄,结党营私而排除异己,搞宗派主 义而不讲道义原则.
君子小人,周比群党不同.
说起来的确如阴阳清楚,昼夜分明,但在实际生活中却总是 雾晨黄昏,阴晴不定,难以识别得清楚.
没有别的的办法,只有靠我们在生活中积累经验,细心观察,提高 识别能力,以免上当受骗.
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