【化学-选修5:有机化学基础】某有机化合物A的结构简式为:是一种重要的化工原料.A、B、C、D、E之间的转 【化学——选修5:有机化学基础】(15分)已知某有机物A为烃...

\u3010\u5316\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u9009\u4fee5\uff1a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3011\uff0815\u5206\uff09\u82ef\u915a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5316\u5de5\u539f\u6599\u3002\u4ee5\u82ef\u915a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u8d77\u59cb\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u7ecf\u4e0b\u5217\u53cd\u5e94

\uff0815\u5206\uff09\uff081\uff09 \u77f3\u70ad\u9178\uff081\u5206\uff09 \u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa \uff082\u5206\uff09\uff082\uff09 \uff083\u5206\uff09(3) (3\u5206)\uff084\uff09C 7 H 6 O 2 \uff082\u5206\uff09(5) \uff082\u5206\uff09(6) 13 \uff082\u5206\uff09 \u8bd5\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u82ef\u915a\u7684\u4fd7\u540d\u662f\u77f3\u70ad\u9178\uff1bB\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa\uff1b\uff082\uff09C\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3aC 5 H 12 O\uff0c C\u80fd\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5eNa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5219C\u662f\u620a\u9187\uff0cC\u7684\u4e00\u6c2f\u4ee3\u7269\u67092\u79cd\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u9187\u4e3a\u65b0\u620a\u9187\uff0c\u4e0eB\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u916f\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a \uff1b\uff083\uff09\u7531N\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u53ef\u5224\u65adD\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\uff0cD\u4e0e\u7532\u9178\u4e8c\u7532\u916f\u53d1\u751f\u7f29\u805a\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210N\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a \uff084\uff09E\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a122\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a26.23%\uff0c\u5219E\u4e2dO\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a2\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u201c\u5546\u4f59\u6cd5\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97C\u3001H\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u4e2a\u6570\u5206\u522b\u4e3a7\u30016\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5E\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3aC 7 H 6 O 2 \uff1b\uff085\uff09\u7531\u5df2\u77e5\u5f97E\u4e2d\u6709\u82ef\u73af\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u916f\u57fa\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u5219\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aO\u539f\u5b50\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u67094\u79cd\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u919b\u57fa\u3001\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0a\u67092\u79cd\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82ef\u73af\u4e0a\u67092\u79cd\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u919b\u57fa\u4e0e\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u662f\u5bf9\u4f4d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219E\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a \uff1b\uff086\uff09\u6839\u636e\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42F\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7fa7\u57fa\u3001\u919b\u57fa\u3001\u548c\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7fa7\u57fa\u3001-O-CHO\uff1b\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u56fa\u5b9a2\u4e2a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6709\u90bb\u3001\u95f4\u3001\u5bf9\u4e09\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u6bcf\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u79cd\u6570\u5373\u4e3a\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u79cd\u6570\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u670910\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u67093\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u90bb\u3001\u95f4\u3001\u5bf9\uff09\uff0c\u5219F\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u5171\u670913\u79cd\u3002

\uff08\u8bc4\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u9664\u919b\u57fa1\u5206\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6bcf\u7a7a2\u5206\uff09 \u67d0\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u4e3a\u70c3\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a70\uff0c\u7531\u5546\u4f59\u6cd5\uff1a70\u00f712=5\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7\u00b710,A \u4e3aC 5 H 10 , B\u3001D\u3001E\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5747\u542b\u67092\u4e2a\u7532\u57fa\uff0c\u4e14\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6c22\u8c31\u90fd\u67094\u4e2a\u5cf0\u5f97\uff1aA\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e01\u70ef\uff0cB\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u6eb4\u4e01\u70f7\uff0cC\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e01\u9187\uff0cD\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u919b\uff0cE\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 \u3002F 3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 -3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e01\u9187\u916f1\uff09\u7eb5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0cA\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff1aC 5 H 10 \uff0cD\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u919b\uff0cD\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\uff1a\u919b\u57fa\uff1b2\uff09 \uff0cI\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\uff1aNaOH\u7684\u9187\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u52a0\u70ed\uff1b\u2162\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\uff1a\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b3\uff09\u2460\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a 4) \u53cd\u5e94\u2164\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1aC\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e01\u9187\uff0c\u4e0eE\u662f3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 \u751f\u6210F 3-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 -3-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e01\u9187\u916f\u548c\u6c34\uff0c 5\uff09\u2460E\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u94f6\u955c\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u6c22\u6c14\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6d88\u53bb\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2,2-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa-3-\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e19\u919b\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a \uff1b\u2461E\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u80fd\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u4e14\u4e24\u79cd\u6c34\u89e3\u4ea7\u7269\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c2\u4e2a\u78b3\u7684\u9178\u4e0e3\u4e2a\u78b3\u7684\u9187\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c3\u4e2a\u78b3\u7684\u9187\u6709\u4e19\u9187\u548c\u5f02\u4e19\u9187\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a \u3002

A与新制氢氧化铜发生氧化反应生成B为,B发生还原反应生成C,由C与碳酸钠反应产物的结构可知C为,C在浓硫酸、加热条件下反应生成D,而D发生加聚反应生成E,故C发生消去反应生成D,则D为,E为,
(1)由上述分析可知,C的结构简式为:,其中含有的含氧官能团是:羧基、羟基,
故答案为:;羧基、羟基;
(2)反应⑤中有气体二氧化碳生成,反应①属于氧化反应,反应②属于还原反应,反应③属于消去反应,反应④属于加聚反应,反应⑤属于复分解反应,
故答案为:⑤;①;
(3)反应③的化学方程式是:,
故答案为:;
 (4)与B()为同分异构体,且含有甲基、能够发生银镜反应的有机化合物的结构简式为等,
故答案为:等;
(5)D生成E的化学方程式为:,故答案为:.

  • 鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹鍏堝鍝竴鏈?
    绛旓細鈶¢珮浜岀悊绉戜笂瀛︽湡閫変慨4鍖栧鍙嶅簲鍘熺悊锛屼笅瀛︽湡閫変慨5鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹銆備汉鏁欑増楂樿冨繀淇1銆2鍜岄変慨4鏄繀鑰冪殑锛岄変慨2銆3銆5鏄夎冧竴鏈紝浣嗘槸75%-80%鐨勮冪敓閮戒細閫夐変慨5鐨勯鐩冭瘯銆備竴鑸儏鍐典笅鏄厛瀛﹀繀淇绋嬪嵆蹇呬慨涓鍜屽繀淇簩銆傜劧鍚庢槸蹇呰冪被閫変慨銆備笉鍚岀渷甯傜殑蹇呰冪被閫変慨璇剧▼涓嶅悓銆傚ぇ澶氭暟瀛︽牎鏄変慨鍥涘寲瀛﹀弽搴斿師鐞...
  • 楂樹簩鍖栧鏈夋満鍖栧鐨勭煡璇嗙偣
    绛旓細3銆佺兎鐑冪殑鍏夌収鍗や唬鏄父绂诲熀鏈虹悊锛屽彅H鏈娲绘臣锛屽彅娓哥鍩烘渶绋冲畾銆4銆佷笁鍏冪幆鐢变簬鐜紶鍔涜屽鏄撳紑鐜細涓嶩2銆丠X銆乆2鍙嶅簲锛屽洓鍏冪幆娲绘臣鎬ф涔嬶紝浜斿厓鐜鍩烘湰涓嶅紑鐜5銆佺幆宸辩兎鏈绋冲畾鐨勬瀯璞′负妞呭紡鏋勮薄锛屽ぇ鍩哄洟鍦╡閿笂澶氱殑鏋勮薄鏄紭鍔挎瀯璞°傞珮浜鍖栧鏈夋満鍖栧鐨勭煡璇嗙偣鐩稿叧 鏂囩珷 锛氣槄 楂樹簩鍖栧閫変慨5鏈夋満鍖...
  • 楂樹腑鍖栧閫変慨浜旀湁鏈鍖栧悎鐗╃煡璇嗙偣
    绛旓細4銆佽兘浣挎捍姘村弽搴旇お鑹茬殑鏈夋満鐗╂湁锛氱儻鐑冦佺倲鐑冦佽嫰閰氥侀啗銆佸惈涓嶉ケ鍜岀⒊纰抽敭(纰崇⒊鍙岄敭銆佺⒊纰冲弫閿)鐨勬湁鏈虹墿銆傝兘浣挎捍姘磋悆鍙栬お鑹茬殑鏈夛細鑻佽嫰鐨勫悓绯荤墿(鐢茶嫰)銆丆Cl4銆佹隘浠裤佹恫鎬佺兎鐑冪瓑銆5銆佽兘浣块吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑茶お鑹茬殑鏈夋満鐗╋細鐑儍銆佺倲鐑冦佽嫰鐨勫悓绯荤墿銆侀唶绫汇侀啗绫汇佸惈涓嶉ケ鍜岀⒊纰抽敭鐨勬湁鏈虹墿銆侀厷绫(鑻厷)...
  • 鍖栧閫変慨浜斿熀纭鏈夋満鍖栧鎬荤粨
    绛旓細娑蹭綋杞诲井缈昏吘,鏈夋皵浣撻稿嚭.瀵肩鍙f湁鐧介浘,婧舵恫涓敓鎴愭祬榛勮壊娌夋穩.鐑х摱搴曢儴鏈夎鑹蹭笉婧朵簬姘寸殑娑蹭綋鐢ㄤ簬瀵兼皵鍜屽喎鍑濆洖娴佹捍鍖栨阿鏄撴憾浜庢按,闃叉鍊掑惛.鑻笌婧村弽搴旂敓鎴愭捍鑻殑鍚屾椂鏈夋捍鍖栨阿鐢熸垚,璇存槑瀹冧滑鍙戠敓浜嗗彇浠e弽搴旇岄潪鍔犳垚鍙嶅簲.鍥犲姞鎴愬弽搴斾笉浼氱敓鎴愭捍鍖栨阿.鍥犱负鏈彂鐢熷弽搴旂殑婧村拰鍙嶅簲涓殑鍌寲鍓侳eBr3婧惰В鍦ㄧ敓鎴愮殑婧磋嫰涓.鐢ㄦ按鍜...
  • 浜烘暀鐗鍖栧閫変慨浜(鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹)鍏ㄩ儴閲嶇偣鐭ヨ瘑鐐!
    绛旓細楂樹腑鍖栧鍚堥泦鐧惧害缃戠洏涓嬭浇 閾炬帴锛氭彁鍙栫爜锛1234 绠浠嬶細楂樹腑鍖栧浼樿川璧勬枡涓嬭浇锛屽寘鎷細璇曢璇曞嵎銆佽浠躲佹暀鏉愩佽棰戙佸悇澶у悕甯堢綉鏍″悎闆嗐
  • 閫変慨浜旀湁鏈哄寲瀛﹀熀纭閮ㄥ垎寰堥毦瀛﹀悧?
    绛旓細閲嶇偣锛岃繖涓槸鏈夋満閲岄潰鏈闅剧殑锛夛紝鐒跺悗瑕佺啛鎮夊悇绉嶅弽搴旂被鍨嬶紝姣斿鍙栦唬鍙嶅簲锛屽姞鎴愬弽搴旓紝娑堝幓鍙嶅簲锛岄叝鍖栧弽搴旓紝纭濆寲鍙嶅簲锛屾哀鍖栧弽搴旓紝杩樺師鍙嶅簲锛岃仛鍚堝弽搴斻備細鍐欏悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛屼細鍐欏弽搴旀柟绋嬪紡锛岀啛鎮夊悇绉嶆湁鏈哄疄楠岋紝鐔熸倝瀹樿兘鍥紝鐗规畩鐨勫弽搴旓紙鍙岀儻鍔犳垚锛屽弻閱涘姞鎴愮瓑绛夛級锛屽父瑙佺殑鏈夋満鐗╃殑鎬ц川銆傚ぇ姒傞渶瑕佷簡瑙d互涓婂唴瀹广
  • 銆閫変慨5:鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹銆鏌犳閰稿瓨鍦ㄤ簬鏌犳銆佽憽钀勭瓑姘存灉涓,骞挎硾搴旂敤浜...
    绛旓細1mol鏌犳閰镐笌瓒抽噺鐨勭⒊閰告阿閽犲弽搴旇兘鏀惧嚭3mol CO2姘斾綋锛屽垯璇鏈夋満鐗╁惈鏈-COOH锛屼负涓夊厓鏈夋満缇ч吀锛岃兘涓庝箼閰稿湪涓瀹氭潯浠朵笅鍙戠敓閰寲鍙嶅簲锛岃鏄庡惈鏈夌緹鍩猴紝鏍规嵁姘у師瀛愬畧鎭掞紝璇ュ垎瀛愪粎鍚1涓-OH锛屾牳纾佸叡鎸氨琛ㄦ槑鏌犳閰稿垎瀛愬瓨鍦4涓鍖栧鐜瀹屽叏鐩稿悓鐨勬阿鍘熷瓙锛屾牴鎹阿鍘熷瓙瀹堟亽锛屾墍浠ュ惈鏈2涓-CH2锛屾墍浠ユ煚妾吀鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮...
  • [閫変慨5-鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹]鏈夋満鐗〢?M鏈夊涓嬪浘鎵绀鸿浆鍖栧叧绯,A涓嶧鍒嗗瓙涓墍鍚...
    绛旓細A涓嶧鍒嗗瓙涓墍鍚⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮浉鍚岋紝涓斿潎鑳戒笌 NaHCO3婧舵恫鍙嶅簲锛屽潎鍚湁-COOH锛孎鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓篊9H10O2锛屼笉楗卞拰搴︿负2脳9+2?102=5锛屼笖涓嶈兘浣挎捍鐨凜Cl4婧舵恫瑜壊锛屼笉鍚笉楗卞拰閿紝搴斿惈鏈夎嫰鐜紝F鍙戠敓姘у寲鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚M锛孧涓嶯aOH婧舵恫鍙嶅簲鍚庣殑浜х墿锛屽叾涓姘唬鐗╁彧鏈変竴绉嶏紝鏁匜涓簲鍚湁涔欏熀锛屼笖涓庣晶鍩哄浜庡浣嶏紝鏁匜涓...
  • [鍖栧鈥閫変慨5:鏈夋満鍖栧鍩虹](15鍒)鏌诲皵閰被鍖栧悎鐗〨鏄粍閰被鑽墿鐨勪富瑕佸悎...
    绛旓細E鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负 锛屽垎瀛愬紡涓篊 7 H 5 O 2 Na锛 鍜孋H I 涔嬮棿鐨勫弽搴斿睘浜庡彇浠e弽搴旓紱锛4锛夌敱 鍒跺娴佺▼鍙煡锛欳 鏄 锛 F 鏄 锛屾牴鎹俊鎭懁鎵鎻愪緵鐨勪俊鎭紝鍙煡 G 鏄 锛涳紙5锛夋弧瓒虫潯浠禗鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋H鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负 锛屽湪閰稿偓鍖栦笅鍙戠敓姘磋В鍙嶅簲鐨鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负 锛涳紙6锛塅鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋涓紝...
  • [鍖栧鈥斺閫変慨5:鏈夋満鐗鍖栧鍩虹](15鍒)楂樺垎瀛愭潗鏂橢鍜屽惈鎵戠儹鎭棝楂樺垎瀛...
    绛旓細鈶稤鐨勬懇灏旇川閲廙锛6.25脳16锛100g/mol锛岀敱姝ゅ彲纭畾鍏跺垎瀛愪腑鎵鍚殑鍘熷瓙鏁板垎鍒负N锛圕锛夛紳 锛孨锛圚锛夛紳 锛孨锛圤锛夛紳 锛屽垎瀛愬紡涓篊 5 H 8 O 2 锛屽垎瀛愮殑涓嶉ケ鍜屽害涓2锛岀粨鍚堟祦绋嬪浘鐨勪俊鎭彲纭畾D鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负CH 2 =C(CH 3 )-COOCH 3 锛屽叾鎵鍚畼鑳藉洟涓虹⒊纰冲弻閿拰閰熀銆傗懜鏍规嵁鍚墤鐑伅...
  • 扩展阅读:化学专业好考公务员吗 ... 化学基础知识必备大全 ... 化学考研最好考的专业 ... 化学排名前十的大学 ... 化学硕士最好出路 ... 有机化学必背基础知识 ... 化学类公务员对口专业 ... 化学类最好找工作专业 ... 化学考研最有前途的专业 ...

    本站交流只代表网友个人观点,与本站立场无关
    欢迎反馈与建议,请联系电邮
    2024© 车视网