急急！！！！if 引导的宾语从句 急急！！！！if 引导的宾语从句
if\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e00\u3001if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u201c\u662f\u5426\u201d\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e38\u653e\u5728\u52a8\u8bcdask
\u3001see
\u3001say
\u3001know\u548cfind
out\u7b49\u540e\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e38\u53ef\u6362\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u591a\u7528if\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b1
Nobody
knows
whether
(if)
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u660e\u5929\u662f\u5426\u4e0b\u96e8\u3002
\u4f8b2
Lucy
asked
whether
(if)
they
had
a
cotton
sweater
.\u9732\u897f\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6709\u68c9\u5236\u7684\u7f8a\u6bdb\u8863\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u8fde\u8bcd\u3001\u8bed\u5e8f\u548c\u65f6\u6001\u3002
1
if\u6216whether\u4e0d\u80fd\u548cthat
\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u8fde\u8bcd\uff08\u526f\u8bcd\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u53bb\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b3
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6765\u3002
[\u8bef]
I
don\u2019t
know
that
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
[\u6b63]
I
don\u2019t
know
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
\u4f8b4\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fc7\u6765\u770b\u770b\u732b\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u4e86\u6bdb\u75c5\u3002
[\u8bef]
He
came
to
see
what
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
[\u6b63]
He
came
to
see
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
2
if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u5177\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u53e5\u8bed\u5e8f\u5e94\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b5
Did
you
know
the
way
to
the
hospital
?
The
old
woman
asked
me
.
The
old
woman
asked
me
.if
(whether)
I
knew
the
way
to
the
hospital
.\u8001\u5987\u4eba\u95ee\u6211\u662f\u5426\u77e5\u9053\u53bb\u533b\u9662\u7684\u8def\u3002
3
if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5e94\u548c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5373\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u4efb\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\uff1b\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u5219\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b6
I
don\u2019t
know
if
(whether)
he
has
come
here
.
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u6765\u8fc7\u8fd9\u513f\u3002
\u4f8b7
Tom
asked
if
(whether)
I
had
read
the
book
.
\u6c64\u59c6\u95ee\u6211\u662f\u5426\u770b\u8fc7\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66
\u3002
\u4e09\u3001if\u548cwhether\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a
1
\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether
\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b8
I
can\u2019t
decide
whether
to
stay.
\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u7559\u4e0b\u3002
2
\u5728whether
\u2026\u2026
or
not
\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u642d\u914d\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b9
I
want
to
know
whether
it\u2019s
good
news
or
not
.
\u6211\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5426\u662f\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u3002
3
\u5728\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b10
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
lose
his
work
.
\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u62c5\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
4\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u8c03\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether
\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b11
Whether
they
can
finish
the
work
on
time
is
still
a
problem
.
\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u51c6\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002
5\u7528if\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6b67\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u7528whether\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b12
Could
you
tell
me
if
you
know
the
answer
?
\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u662f\u5426\u77e5\u9053\u7b54\u6848\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u8bf7\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u597d\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u3002\u5982\u7528whether\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6b67\u4e49\u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7528\u6cd5\u8be6\u89c1http://www.yyzyb.cn/Article/zsdb/200510/126.html
\u4e00\u3001if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u201c\u662f\u5426\u201d\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e38\u653e\u5728\u52a8\u8bcdask
\u3001see
\u3001say
\u3001know\u548cfind
out\u7b49\u540e\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e38\u53ef\u6362\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u591a\u7528if\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b1
Nobody
knows
whether
(if)
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u660e\u5929\u662f\u5426\u4e0b\u96e8\u3002
\u4f8b2
Lucy
asked
whether
(if)
they
had
a
cotton
sweater
.\u9732\u897f\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6709\u68c9\u5236\u7684\u7f8a\u6bdb\u8863\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u8fde\u8bcd\u3001\u8bed\u5e8f\u548c\u65f6\u6001\u3002
1
if\u6216whether\u4e0d\u80fd\u548cthat
\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u8fde\u8bcd\uff08\u526f\u8bcd\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u53bb\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b3
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6765\u3002
[\u8bef]
I
don\u2019t
know
that
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
[\u6b63]
I
don\u2019t
know
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
\u4f8b4\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fc7\u6765\u770b\u770b\u732b\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u4e86\u6bdb\u75c5\u3002
[\u8bef]
He
came
to
see
what
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
[\u6b63]
He
came
to
see
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
2
if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u5177\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u53e5\u8bed\u5e8f\u5e94\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b5
Did
you
know
the
way
to
the
hospital
?
The
old
woman
asked
me
.
The
old
woman
asked
me
.if
(whether)
I
knew
the
way
to
the
hospital
.\u8001\u5987\u4eba\u95ee\u6211\u662f\u5426\u77e5\u9053\u53bb\u533b\u9662\u7684\u8def\u3002
3
if\u6216whether\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5e94\u548c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5373\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u4efb\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\uff1b\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u5219\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b6
I
don\u2019t
know
if
(whether)
he
has
come
here
.
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u6765\u8fc7\u8fd9\u513f\u3002
\u4f8b7
Tom
asked
if
(whether)
I
had
read
the
book
.
\u6c64\u59c6\u95ee\u6211\u662f\u5426\u770b\u8fc7\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66
\u3002
\u4e09\u3001if\u548cwhether\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a
1
\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether
\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b8
I
can\u2019t
decide
whether
to
stay.
\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u7559\u4e0b\u3002
2
\u5728whether
\u2026\u2026
or
not
\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u642d\u914d\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b9
I
want
to
know
whether
it\u2019s
good
news
or
not
.
\u6211\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5426\u662f\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u3002
3
\u5728\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b10
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
lose
his
work
.
\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u62c5\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
4\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u8c03\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528whether
\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b11
Whether
they
can
finish
the
work
on
time
is
still
a
problem
.
\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u51c6\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002
5\u7528if\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6b67\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u7528whether\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u4f8b12
Could
you
tell
me
if
you
know
the
answer
?
\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u662f\u5426\u77e5\u9053\u7b54\u6848\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u8bf7\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u597d\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u3002\u5982\u7528whether\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6b67\u4e49\u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7528\u6cd5\u8be6\u89c1http://www.yyzyb.cn/Article/zsdb/200510/126.html
、see
、say
、know和find
out等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。如：
例1
Nobody
knows
whether
(if)
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
没有人知道明天是否下雨。
例2
Lucy
asked
whether
(if)
they
had
a
cotton
sweater
.露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。
1
if或whether不能和that
或其它连词（副词）同时使用，也不能省去。如：
例3
我不知道他今天是否会来。
[误]
I
don’t
know
that
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
[正]
I
don’t
know
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。
[误]
He
came
to
see
what
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
[正]
He
came
to
see
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
2
if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。如：
例5
Did
you
know
the
way
to
the
hospital
?
The
old
woman
asked
me
.
The
old
woman
asked
me
.if
(whether)
I
knew
the
way
to
the
hospital
.老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
3
if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如：
例6
I
don’t
know
if
(whether)
he
has
come
here
.
我不知道他是否来过这儿。
例7
Tom
asked
if
(whether)
I
had
read
the
book
.
汤姆问我是否看过这本书
。
三、if和whether的区别：
1
在动词不定式之前只能用whether
。如：
例8
I
can’t
decide
whether
to
stay.
我不能决定是否留下。
2
在whether
……
or
not
的固定搭配中。如：
例9
I
want
to
know
whether
it’s
good
news
or
not
.
我想知道是否是好消息。
3
在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
lose
his
work
.
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether
。如：
例11
Whether
they
can
finish
the
work
on
time
is
still
a
problem
.
他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
5用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12
Could
you
tell
me
if
you
know
the
answer
?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义。
一、if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词ask
、see
、say
、know和find
out等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。如：
例1
Nobody
knows
whether
(if)
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
没有人知道明天是否下雨。
例2
Lucy
asked
whether
(if)
they
had
a
cotton
sweater
.露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。
1
if或whether不能和that
或其它连词（副词）同时使用，也不能省去。如：
例3
我不知道他今天是否会来。
[误]
I
don’t
know
that
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
[正]
I
don’t
know
if(whether)
he
will
come
here
today
.
例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。
[误]
He
came
to
see
what
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
[正]
He
came
to
see
if
(whether)
there
was
wrong
with
his
cat
.
2
if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。如：
例5
Did
you
know
the
way
to
the
hospital
?
The
old
woman
asked
me
.
The
old
woman
asked
me
.if
(whether)
I
knew
the
way
to
the
hospital
.老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
3
if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如：
例6
I
don’t
know
if
(whether)
he
has
come
here
.
我不知道他是否来过这儿。
例7
Tom
asked
if
(whether)
I
had
read
the
book
.
汤姆问我是否看过这本书
。
三、if和whether的区别：
1
在动词不定式之前只能用whether
。如：
例8
I
can’t
decide
whether
to
stay.
我不能决定是否留下。
2
在whether
……
or
not
的固定搭配中。如：
例9
I
want
to
know
whether
it’s
good
news
or
not
.
我想知道是否是好消息。
3
在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
lose
his
work
.
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether
。如：
例11
Whether
they
can
finish
the
work
on
time
is
still
a
problem
.
他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
5用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12
Could
you
tell
me
if
you
know
the
answer
?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义。不定代词用法详见http://www.yyzyb.cn/Article/zsdb/200510/126.html
扩展阅读：を提示宾语 ... on one s bike ... 什么叫主语 谓语 宾语 ... leave 宾语 宾语补足语 ... find 宾语 宾补的详解 ... play with后面加宾语 ... fall over后面接宾语 ... 由if引导的宾语从句 ... leave十宾语十宾补 ...
