cost 与spent等一系列词有什么区别?语法上

\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u7528cost\u8fd8\u662fspent\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8bcd

\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5,spend sometime (in) doing sth\uff0c\u800ccost\u901a\u5e38\u7528it\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0cit costs sb sometime (to do sth)\uff0c\u6216\u8005doing sth costs sb sometime\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u800cspend\u4e3b\u8bed\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u3002

spend\u662fSB SPEND +\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u94b1 (IN) DOING STH \u6216 ON STH
COST\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u7269\u662fSTH COST SB +\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u94b1

cost: 物做主语

sth. cost sb + 时间/金钱
例: The shirt costs me $100.
这件衬衫花了我100美圆．

spend: 人做主语

1) sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth.
例: I spend $100 on the shirt.

2) sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.
例: I spend $100 (in) buying the shirt.

pay: 人做主语

sb. pay + 金钱 + for sth.
例: I pay $100 for the shirt.

take: it 做主语

It takes sb. + 时间/金钱 + to do sth.
It takes me $100 to buy the shirt.

cost的动作执行者是物，事情
spend动作执行者是人
pay动作执行者是人
take作主语的一般是it后面用动词不定式作真正的主语。

I spend...
It cost...