初三化学
\u521d\u4e09\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u662fZn\u8fc7\u91cf\uff0c\u786b\u9178\u4e0d\u8db3\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684H2\u7684\u91cf\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684H2\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u52a0\u7684\u91cf\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eZn\u5df2\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b6412g\u5c31\u662f\u94dc\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u65f6Zn\u5df2\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64m\u503c\u4e3a12
\uff082\uff09 Zn\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a20-12=8g \u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570 8/20=40%
(3) H2SO4-----Zn
98 65
X 2.6 X=3.92g \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf420g\u786b\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u542b\u67093.92g\u786b\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a
3.92/20=19.6%
\u6211\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u662f\u521d\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u5e38\u5e38\u5199\u51fa\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u73b0\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e+\u9178 = \u76d0+H2\u2191 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u521d\u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ecHCl\u3001\u7a00H2SO4\uff1b\u6d53H2SO4\u3001HNO3\u6709\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u6027\u8d28\uff1b\u2461\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6392\u5728\u6c22\u524d\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6b64\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7f6e\u6362\u51fa\u9178\u4e2d\u7684\u6c22\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
Fe+2HCl =FeCl2+H2\u2191; Fe+H2SO4 =FeSO4+H2\u2191
Zn+2HCl = ZnCl2+H2\u2191;Zn++H2SO4= ZnSO4+H2\u2191
Mg+2HCl = MgCl2+H2\u2191;Mg+H2SO4 =MgSO4+H2\u2191
2Al+6HCl = 2AlCl3+3H2\u2191;2Al+3H2SO4= Al2(SO4)3+3H2\u2191
\u4e8c\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e1+\u76d01=\u91d1\u5c5e2+\u76d02 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u91d1\u5c5e1\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u6bd4\u91d1\u5c5e2\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u5f3a\uff1b\u2461\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u76d01\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\uff1b\u2462K\u3001Ca\u3001Na \u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4; Zn+CuSO4 = Cu+ZnSO4
Fe+CuCl2=Cu+FeCl2; Zn+CuCl2= Cu+ZnCl2
Mg+CuCl2 =Cu+MgCl2; 2Al+3CuCl2 = 3Cu+2AlCl3
Cu+Hg(NO3)2 = Hg+Cu(NO3)2 \uff1bCu+2AgNO3 =2Ag+Cu(NO3)2
\u4e09\u3001\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u78b1 = \u76d0+H2O\uff08\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u521d\u4e2d\u56db\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u78b1\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\uff1b\u2461CO2\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210CO32-\u76d0\uff1bSO2\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210SO32-\u76d0\uff1bSO3\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210SO42-\u76d0\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
CO2+Ca(OH)2 =CaCO3\u2193+H2O; CO2+2NaOH=Na2CO3+H2O
SO2+Ca(OH)2 = CaSO3\u2193+H2O; SO2+2NaOH = Na2SO3+H2O
CO2+2KOH =K2CO3+H2O; SO3+Ca(OH)2= CaSO4+H2O
\u56db\u3001\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94
\u201c\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u4e24\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u53eb\u505a\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u7ec4\u6210\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5404\u6210\u5206\u201c\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u3002\u521d\u4e2d\u6240\u5b66\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u516d\u5927\u7c7b\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff09\uff1a
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a1.\u521d\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u6d89\u53ca\u7684HCl\u3001H2SO4\u3001HNO3\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u9178\u90fd\u662f\u6613\u6eb6\u7684\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u5b9e\u7ebf\u201d\u4e0e\u9178\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u8003\u8651\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u548c\u9178\u76f8\u9047\u5c31\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
2\uff0e\u56fe\u4e2d\u201c\u865a\u7ebf\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u90fd\u53ef\u6eb6\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e2d\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u9178 =\u76d0+H2O \uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2460\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94CaO+2HCl = CaCl2+H2O
\u96be\u6eb6\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94Fe2O3+6HCl =2FeCl3+3H2O
Fe2O3+3H2SO4=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O\uff1bZnO+2HNO3 =Zn(NO3)2+H2O
CuO+2HCl=CuCl2+H2O;CuO+H2SO4= CuSO4 +H2O
CuO+2HNO3 =Cu(NO3)2+H2O;MgO+2HCl= MgCl2+H2O
\u4e8c\u3001\u78b1+\u9178= \u76d0+H2O \uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2461\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\u78b1\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94NaOH+HCl = NaCl+H2O
2NaOH+H2SO4=Na2SO4+2H2O\uff1bNaOH+HNO3 =NaNO3+H2O
Ca(OH)2+2HCl =CaCl2+2H2O;Ca(OH)2+H2SO4= CaSO4+2H2O
Ca(OH)2+2HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2+2H2O; KOH+HNO3= KNO3+H2O
Ba(OH)2+H2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+2H2O
\u96be\u6eb6\u78b1\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e942Fe(OH)3+3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3+6H2O
Mg(OH)2+2HCl= MgCl2+2H2O;Al(OH)3+3HCl = AlCl3+3H2O
Fe(OH)3+3HCl = FeCl3+3H2O;Cu(OH)2+H2SO4 =CuSO4+2H2O
Cu(OH)2+2HCl =CuCl2+2H2O;
Mg(OH)2+2HNO3 =Mg(NO3)2+2H2O
\u4e09\u3001\u76d0+\u9178 =\u65b0\u76d0+\u65b0\u9178
1\uff0eCO32-\u76d0+\u9178= \u65b0\u76d0+H2O+CO2\u2191\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2462\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6CO32-\u76d0\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94Na2CO3+2HCl = 2NaCl+H2O+CO2 \u2191
Na2CO3+H2SO4 =Na2SO4+H2O+CO2\u2191;
K2CO3+2HCl = 2KCl+H2O+CO2\u2191
\u96be\u6eb6CO32-\u76d0\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94CaCO3+2HCl =CaCl2+2H2O+CO2\u2191
BaCO3+2HCl = BaCl2+2H2O+CO2\u2191
2.\u5176\u5b83\u76d0+\u9178 = \u65b0\u76d0\u2193+\u65b0\u9178\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2463\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aAgNO3+HCl = AgCl\u2193+HNO3
BaCl2+H2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+2HCl
\u56db\u3001\u76d01+\u76d02 = \u76d03+\u76d04\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2464\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aNaCl+AgNO3 = AgCl\u2193+NaNO3
BaCl2+Na2SO4= BaSO4\u2193+2NaCl
\u4e94\u3001\u76d0+\u78b1 = \u65b0\u76d0+\u65b0\u78b1\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2465\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aNa2CO3+Ca(OH)2= CaCO3\u2193+2NaOH
CuSO4+2NaOH = Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2\u2193
CuSO4+Ba(OH)2 =BaSO4\u2193+Cu(OH)2\u2193
FeCl3+3NaOH =3NaCl+Fe(OH)3\u2193
\u53e6\u5916\uff1a\u94f5\u76d0+\u78b1 = \u65b0\u76d0+H2O+ NH3\u2191;\u5982\uff1a
NH4Cl+NaOH = NaCl+H2O+NH3\u2191
\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u6b63\u786e\u4e66\u5199\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u7262\u8bb0\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u7269\u8d28\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u3002
\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u7684\u89d2\u7801\u4e0d\u597d\u5f04\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981word\u7248\u7684\u8bf7\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\[email protected].
其中过氧乙酸、乙酸和氧气的质量比为76:60:16
设原溶液质量1,过氧乙酸的质量分数为w
则[w×(60/76)]/[1-w×(16/76)]=12%
解得w≈14.73%
【这样w就表示过氧乙酸质量，w×(60/76)表示生成醋酸的质量，w×(16/76)表示生成氧气的质量，[1-w×(16/76)]表示所得溶液质量】
08年北京的
唉、、
建议买个那种各省市的卷子
后面答案很详细
60\溶液质量＝12％
溶液质量＝500
76\原溶液质量＝76\500＋16×100%＝14.7%
绛旓細甯歌鐨鍖栧寮 涓銆佸父瑙佸崟璐 姘㈡皵H2姘皵N2姘皵Cl2姘ф皵O2鑷哀O3姘︽皵He 姘栨皵Ne姘╂皵Ar 纰矯纭匰i纭玈纾稰纰業2 閽綤閽機a閽燦a闀丮g閾滱l閿孼n 閾丗e閾淐u姹濰g閾禔g 浜屻佸寲鍚堢墿 1銆佹哀鍖栫墿 姘碒2O涓夋哀鍖栫～SO3涓姘у寲纰矯O 浜屾哀鍖栫⒊CO2浜旀哀鍖栦簩纾稰2O5杩囨哀鍖栨阿H2O2 浜屾哀鍖栨爱NO2浜屾哀鍖栫～SO2姘у寲閽機aO 姘у寲浜氶搧...
绛旓細(涓) 鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓弽搴旂幇璞(閲嶈)2Mg+O2鐐圭噧=2MgO 鍓х儓鐕冪儳.鑰鐪肩櫧鍏.鐢熸垚鐧借壊鍥轰綋.鏀剧儹.浜х敓澶ч噺鐧界儫 2Hg+O2鐐圭噧鎴栁=2HgO 鐢熸垚绾㈣壊鍥轰綋 2Cu+O2鐐圭噧鎴栁=2CuO 绾㈣壊鍥轰綋鍙樹负榛戣壊 4Al+3O2鐐圭噧鎴栁=2Al2O3 閾剁櫧鍥轰綋鍙樹负鐧借壊 3Fe+2O2鐐圭噧=Fe3O4 鍓х儓鐕冪儳銆佺伀鏄熷洓灏勩佺敓鎴愰粦鑹插浐浣撱佹斁鍑虹儹閲 4Fe + 3O2...
绛旓細涓銆 姘ф皵鐨勬ц川锛氾紙1锛夊崟璐ㄤ笌姘ф皵鐨勫弽搴旓細锛堝寲鍚堝弽搴旓級1. 闀佸湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧 2MgO 2. 閾佸湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧 Fe3O4 3. 閾滃湪绌烘皵涓彈鐑細2Cu + O2 鍔犵儹 2CuO 4. 閾濆湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細4Al + 3O2 鐐圭噧 2Al2O3 5. 姘㈡皵涓┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2H2 + O2 鐐圭噧 2H2O ...
绛旓細纰崇７閰哥洂澶氫笉婧,閱嬮吀鐩愮被鍏ㄩ兘婧惰В鍖栧璁＄畻棰樺叧閿槸璇绘暟鎹,璇诲嚭姣忎竴涓暟鎹寘鍚殑鐗╄川,鐒跺悗鍒嗘瀽鐗╄川涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯,鍗冲彲鎵惧嚭宸茬煡鐨勯噺鍜岀墿銆傚:鍦ㄤ竴娆″寲瀛﹁澶栨椿鍔ㄤ腑,鏌愬悓瀛︽兂闄ゅ幓姘寲閽惧浐浣撲腑娣锋湁鐨勬隘鍖栭摐(涓嶅紩杩涘叾浠栨潅璐)銆傚寲瀛﹁佸笀涓轰粬鎻愪緵浜嗕互涓嬫憾娑:姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫銆佹阿姘у寲閽炬憾娑层佺～閰搁挔婧舵恫銆傝鍚屽鐜板彇姘寲閽惧拰姘寲...
绛旓細闄ゅ幓浜屾哀鍖栫⒊锛夛細2NaOH + CO2 === Na2CO3 + H2O 35銆佺煶鐏扮煶锛堟垨澶х悊鐭筹級涓庣█鐩愰吀鍙嶅簲锛堜簩姘у寲纰崇殑瀹為獙瀹ゅ埗娉曪級锛欳aCO3 + 2HCl === CaCl2 + H2O + CO2鈫 36銆佺⒊閰搁挔涓庢祿鐩愰吀鍙嶅簲锛堟场娌伃鐏櫒鐨勫師鐞嗭級: Na2CO3 + 2HCl === 2NaCl + H2O + CO2鈫戞洿澶氫俊鎭彲浠ュ弬鑰 鍒濅笁鍖栧寮忓ぇ鍏 ...
绛旓細鍖栧鏂圭▼寮 鍙嶅簲鐜拌薄 搴旂敤2Mg+O2 2MgO鍓х儓鐕冪儳.鑰鐪肩櫧鍏.鐢熸垚鐧借壊鍥轰綋.鏀剧儹.浜х敓澶ч噺鐧界儫 鐧借壊淇″彿寮2Hg+O2 2HgO閾剁櫧娑蹭綋銆佺敓鎴愮孩鑹插浐浣 鎷夌摝閿″疄楠2Cu+O2 2CuO绾㈣壊閲戝睘鍙樹负榛戣壊鍥轰綋4Al+3O2 2Al2O3閾剁櫧閲戝睘鍙樹负鐧借壊鍥轰綋3Fe+2O2 Fe3O4鍓х儓鐕冪儳銆佺伀鏄熷洓灏勩佺敓鎴愰粦鑹插浐浣撱佹斁鐑瑿+O2 CO2鍓х儓鐕冪儳銆佺櫧鍏夈佹斁鐑...
绛旓細鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忔眹鎬 涓锛 鐗╄川涓庢哀姘旂殑鍙嶅簲锛氾紙1锛夊崟璐ㄤ笌姘ф皵鐨勫弽搴旓細1. 闀佸湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧 2MgO 2. 閾佸湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧 Fe3O4 3. 閾滃湪绌烘皵涓彈鐑細2Cu + O2 鍔犵儹2CuO 4. 閾濆湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細4Al + 3O2 鐐圭噧 2Al2O3 5. 姘㈡皵涓┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2H2 + O2 鐐圭噧 ...
绛旓細鍒濅笁鍖栧鎵鏈夊寲瀛﹀紡濡備笅锛氭按鐢佃В锛堢爺绌舵按鐨勭粍鎴愬疄楠岋級锛2H2O 閫氱數2H2鈫+ O2 鈫戯紱2.鐢熺煶鐏版憾浜庢按锛欳aO + H2O == Ca(OH)2锛3.浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍙憾浜庢按锛欻2O + CO2==H2CO3銆2.姘у寲鍙嶅簲锛1.鍗曡川涓庢哀姘旓紱2.闀佸湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧2MgO锛3.閾佸湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧Fe3O4锛4....
绛旓細鍒濅腑鍖栧鐨30涓寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓句緥濡備笅锛1銆侀挔涓庢哀姘斿湪鐐圭噧鏃跺弽搴旂敓鎴愯繃姘у寲閽狅細2Na+O₂=Na₂O₂锛堟潯浠讹細鐐圭噧锛2銆侀挔涓庢哀姘斿弽搴旂敓鎴愭哀鍖栭挔锛4Na+O₂=2Na₂O 3銆侀挔涓庢隘姘斿湪鐐圭噧鏃跺弽搴旂敓鎴愭隘鍖栭挔锛2Na+Cl₂=2NaCl锛堟潯浠讹細鐐圭噧锛4銆侀挔涓庢按鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚姘㈡哀鍖栭挔鍜屾阿姘...
绛旓細鍒濅腑鍖栧鐭ヨ瘑鎬荤粨(鍖栧鏂圭▼寮)涓銆佸寲鍚堝弽搴 1銆侀晛鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛 2Mg + O2 =鐐圭噧= 2MgO 鐜拌薄锛氾紙1锛夊彂鍑鸿鐪肩殑鐧藉厜锛2锛夋斁鍑虹儹閲忥紙3锛夌敓鎴愮櫧鑹茬矇鏈 2銆侀搧鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛3Fe + 2O2 =鐐圭噧= Fe3O4 鐜拌薄锛氾紙1锛夊墽鐑堢噧鐑э紝鐏槦鍥涘皠锛2锛夋斁鍑虹儹閲忥紙3锛夌敓鎴愪竴绉嶉粦鑹插浐浣 娉ㄦ剰锛氱摱搴曡鏀惧皯閲...
