简述厥证的主要病机和常见病因。 厥证在《黄帝内经》中的含义都有哪些?
\u4f55\u8c13"\u53a5\u8bc1"\uff1f\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u5982\u4f55\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u53a5\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e2d\u533b\u75c5\u540d\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u4ee5\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u65f6\u6027\u660f\u5012\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eba\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u4f34\u6709\u56db\u80a2\u9006\u51b7\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6025\u6027\u75c5\u8bc1\u3002\u8f7b\u8005\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5373\u53ef\u82cf\u9192\uff0c\u91cd\u8005\u4e00\u53a5\u4e0d\u9192\uff0c\u9884\u540e\u4e0d\u826f\u3002\u5f15\u8d77\u53a5\u8bc1\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u60c5\u5fd7\u5185\u4f24\u3001\u4f53\u865a\u52b3\u5026\u3001\u4ea1\u8840\u5931\u6d25\u3001\u996e\u98df\u4e0d\u8282\u7b49\uff0c\u5176\u75c5\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6c14\u673a\u9006\u4e71\uff0c\u5347\u964d\u4e56\u623e\uff0c\u6c14\u8840\u9634\u9633\u4e0d\u76f8\u987a\u63a5\u3002\u53a5\u8bc1\u5e38\u89c1\u6c14\u3001\u8840\u3001\u75f0\u53a5\uff0c\u5c5e\u5371\u53ca\u91cd\u75c7\uff0c\u5f53\u53ca\u65f6\u6551\u6cbb\u4e3a\u8981\uff0c\u9192\u795e\u56de\u53a5\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u539f\u5219\u3002
\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u53a5\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u6982\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6307\u7a81\u7136\u660f\u5012\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eba\u4e8b\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u00b7\u5927\u5947\u8bba\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u66b4\u53a5\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0e\u4eba\u8a00\u3002\u201d\u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u6307\u80a2\u4f53\u548c\u624b\u8db3\u9006\u51b7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u00b7\u53a5\u8bba\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5bd2\u53a5\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5bd2\u70ed\u4e5f\uff0c\u5fc5\u4ece\u4e94\u6307\u800c\u4e0a\u4e8e\u819d\u201d
\u6709\u5173\u53a5\u8bc1\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u6563\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u9ec4\u5e1d\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb8\u591a\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u975e\u300a\u53a5\u8bba\u7bc7\u300b\u4e4b\u72ec\u6709\u3002\u82e5\u6982\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u4e09\uff0c\u4ea6 \u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u7c7b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u75c5\u8bc1\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u6307\u56db\u80a2\u53a5\u51b7\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u9634\u9634\u4e4b\u6c14\u4e0d\u76f8\u987a\u63a5\u7684\u8bc1\u5019\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u6307\u731d\u7136\u660f\u4ec6\uff0c\u66b4\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eba\u7684\u660f\u53a5\uff0c\u6216\u72c2\u4e71\u65e0\u5e38\u7684\u766b\u75be\uff0c\u4e3a\u6c14\u8840\u9006\u4e71\u6240\u81f4\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u6cdb\u6307\u516d\u7ecf\u4e0d\u548c\u7684\u8bc1\u5019\u3002\u5982\u5de8\u9633\u4e4b\u53a5\uff0c\u9633\u660e\u4e4b\u53a5\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u7686\u6240\u5c5e\u4e4b\u810f\u8151\u7ecf\u6c14\u9006\u4e71\u4f7f\u7136\u3002
\u5bd2\u53a5\u662f\u6307\u52b3\u5026\u592a\u8fc7\uff0c\u623f\u4e8b\u8fc7\u5ea6(\u593a\u4e8e\u6240\u7528)\uff0c\u635f\u4f24\u80be\u4e2d\u9633\u6c14\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u9634\u5bd2\u4e4b\u6c14\u9006\u4e71\u4e8e\u5185\u3001\u808c\u80a4\u5931\u4e8e\u6e29\u517b\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4ee5\u624b\u8db3\u5bd2\u4e3a\u4e3b\u75c7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u75c5\u5019\u3002 \u5bd2\u53a5\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u79cb\u51ac\u593a\u4e8e\u6240\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u5f3a\u529b\uff0c\u623f\u4e8b\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7b49\u635f\u4f24\u813e\u80be\u800c\u81f4\u3002\u5176\u75c5\u673a\u4e3a\u813e\u80be\u9633\u865a\uff0c\u5931\u4e8e\u6e29\u7166\uff0c\u9634\u5bd2\u72ec\u76db\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u9633\u6c14\u8870\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u6545\u5176\u8fa8\u8bc1\u8981\u70b9\u4e43\u4e3a\u201c\u624b\u8db3\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5bd2\u4e5f\u201d\u3002
\u70ed\u53a5\u662f\u6307\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u9189\u9971\u98df\u5165\u623f\uff0c\u635f\u4f24\u80be\u4e2d\u9634\u7cbe\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u9152\u4f24\u813e\u80c3\uff0c\u6c34\u8c37\u5931\u8fd0\uff0c\u7cbe\u65e0\u6240\u5949\uff0c\u9633\u6c14\u72ec\u76db\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4ee5\u624b\u8db3\u70ed\u4e3a\u4e3b\u75c7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u75c7\u5019\u3002\u70ed\u53a5\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u9189\u82e5\u9971\u4ee5\u5165\u623f"\uff0c \u5373\u55dc\u9152\u65e0\u5ea6\u53c8\u4f24\u4e8e\u623f\u5ba4\u800c\u81f4\u3002 \u5176\u75c5\u673a\u4e3a\u9152\u98df\u6e29\u70ed\u5185\u4f24\u813e\u80c3\u3001\u81f4\u4f7f\u813e\u80c3\u4e0d\u80fd\u5316\u751f\u7cbe\u6d25\uff0c\u623f\u5ba4\u8fc7\u5ea6\u53c8\u8017\u4f24\u80be\u4e4b\u9634\u7cbe\u3001\u4ee4\u9634\u865a\u9633\u4ea2\u3002\u5373\u9634\u6c14\u8870\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u8fa8\u8bc1\u8981\u70b9\u4e3a\u201c\u624b\u8db3\u4e3a\u4e4b\u70ed\u4e5f\u201d\u3002
\u540e\u4e16\u8bba\u53a5\u8bc1\u4ee5\u6c49\u4ee3\u5f20\u4ef2\u666f\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u8bba\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u6839\u636e\u539f\u6587\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5bf9\u516d\u7ecf\u53a5\u8bc1\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u75c5\u673a\u4ee5\u53ca\u75c7\u72b6\u4e0e\u6cbb\u5219\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5f52\u7eb3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u7efc\u89c2\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u53a5\u8bc1\u75c5\u673a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a
\u2460\u80be\u865a\u662f\u53a5\u8bc1\u53d1\u75c5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u00b7\u8109\u89e3\u7bc7\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u5185\u593a\u800c\u53a5\u2026\u2026\u6b64\u80be\u865a\u4e5f\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5c11\u9634\u4e0d\u4e3b\u8005\u53a5\u4e5f\u201d\u3002\u300a\u7075\u67a2\u00b7\u672c\u795e\u300b\uff1a\u201c \u80be\u6c14\u865a\u5219\u53a5 \u201d\u3002
\u2461\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8425\u536b\u6c14\u8840\u9006\u4e71\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5931\u8c03\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u53a5\u8bc1\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u3002\u8425\u536b\u9006\u4e71\uff0c\u300a\u7075\u67a2\u00b7\u4e94\u4e71\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u6e05\u6c14\u5728\u9634\u3001\u6d4a\u6c14\u5728\u9633\u3001\u8425\u6c14\u987a\u8109\u3001\u536b\u6c14\u9006\u884c\uff0c\u6e05\u6d4a\u76f8\u5e72\uff0c\u4e71\u4e8e\u80f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c13\u4e4b\u5927\u6097\uff1b\u4e71\u4e8e\u81c2\u80eb\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u56db\u53a5\uff1b\u4e71\u5934\u5219\u4e3a\u53a5\u9006\uff0c\u5934\u91cd\u7729\u4ec6\u201d\u3002
\u6c14\u8840\u9006\u4e71\uff0c\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u00b7\u8c03\u7ecf\u8bba\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8840\u4e4b\u4e0e\u6c14\uff0c\u5e76\u8d70\u4e8e\u4e0a\u3001\u5219\u4e3a\u5927\u53a5\uff0c\u53a5\u5219\u66b4\u6b7b\u201d\u3002
\u9634\u9633\u5931\u8c03\uff0c\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u00b7\u53a5\u8bba\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u9633\u6c14\u8870\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u5bd2\u53a5\uff0c\u9634\u6c14\u8870\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u70ed\u53a5\u201d\u3002
(1)病机:主要是由于气机突然逆乱,升降乖戾,气血运行失常造成。气机逆乱,有虚实之分。大凡气逆有余者,气逆上冲,血随气逆,或夹痰夹食,壅滞于上,以致清窍闭阻,发为厥证;气虚不足者,清阳不升,气陷于下,血不上荣,以致精明失养,亦可致厥证。
(2)病因:①气厥:恼怒惊骇,情志过极,致气机逆乱,上壅心胸,蒙闭窍隧,而引起昏厥。此外,元气素弱,又遇悲恐,或因疲劳过度,以致阳气消乏,气虚下陷,从而清阳不升,卒然昏厥。②血厥:肝阳素旺,复加暴怒,致血随气逆,气血上壅,清窍不利,昏倒无知。另外,久病血虚及产后及其他疾病失血过多,气随血脱,亦可发生昏厥。⑨痰厥:形盛气弱之人,嗜食酒酪甘肥之品,脾胃受伤,运化失常,聚湿生痰、痰浊内阻,气机不利,偶因恼怒气逆、痰随气升,上蒙清窍,致突然眩仆而厥。④食厥:饮食不节,积滞内停,转输失常,气机受阻,致窒闷而厥。
绛旓細銆婂帴璁恒嬬瘒涓撻棬娣卞叆鎺㈣浜嗗瘨鍘ャ佺儹鍘ヤ互鍙婂崄浜岀粡鑴夌浉鍏鐨勫帴閫嗙梾鐥囥傚畠璇︾粏鍓栨瀽浜嗚繖浜涚梾鐥鐨勭梾鍥犵梾鏈锛屼复搴婅〃鐜帮紝娌荤枟鍘熷垯浠ュ強棰勫悗锛屽洜姝ゅ緱鍚嶁滃帴璁衡濄傞┈鑾冲湪銆婄礌闂敞璇佸彂寰嬩腑寮鸿皟浜嗗瀵掑帴銆佺儹鍘ヨ繘琛岀粏鑷村尯鍒嗙殑閲嶈鎬э紝浠ュ強瀵瑰崄浜岀粡鑴夊悇鑷帴閫嗙幇璞$殑璁ㄨ锛岃繖姝f槸璇ョ瘒鐨勬牳蹇冨唴瀹广傛潕缁忕含鍜岄倱閾佹稕鍦ㄣ婁腑鍖...
绛旓細姝ゅ悗鍖诲瀵瑰帴璇佺殑鐞嗚涓嶆柇鍏呭疄銆佸畬鍠勫拰绯荤粺鍖,鎻愬嚭浜嗘皵銆佽銆佺棸銆侀銆佹殤銆佸案銆侀厭銆佽洈绛夊帴,骞朵互姝や綔涓鸿鲸璇佺殑閲嶈渚濇嵁,鎸囧涓村簥娌荤枟銆 鐥呭洜鐥呮満 鎯呭織鍥犵礌涓昏鏄寚鎭兼掓儕楠囨亹鍚撶殑鎯呭織鍙樺姩,绮剧鍒烘縺鏄鍘ヨ瘉鐨勪富瑕佺梾鍥銆傚湪閫氬父鎯呭喌涓,鎯呭織鏄汉浣撶敓鐞嗘椿鍔ㄧ殑涓閮ㄥ垎,鐒惰岀獊閬囧墽鐑堢殑鎯呭織鍙樺姩,瓒呰繃浜嗙敓鐞嗘椿鍔ㄦ墍鑳借皟鑺傜殑鑼冨洿...
绛旓細鐩綍 1 鎷奸煶 2 鑻辨枃鍙傝 3 姒傝堪 4 閭儹杩囩洓锛岄槾鍒嗕笉瓒虫墍鑷鐨勫帴璇路鐑帴 4.1 鐑帴鐨勭梾鍥 4.2 鐑帴鐨勭棁鐘 4.3 鐑帴鐨勭梾鍥犵梾鏈 4.4 鐑帴鐨勫垎鍨嬫不鐤 5 閭儹杩囩洓锛岄槼閮佷簬閲屼笉鑳藉杈剧殑鍘ヨ瘉路鐑帴 5.1 鐑帴鐨勭棁鐘 5.2 鐑帴鐨勬不...
绛旓細涓尰鍐呯鐨勫帴鐥囨湁涓ょ鍚箟锛屼竴绉嶆槸鎸囧洓鑲㈡湯姊㈡俯搴︿綆鎴栦即鏈夊喎鐥涳紝鏃㈠洓鑲㈠帴閫嗐傚彟涓绉嶆槸鎸囨槒鍘ワ紝鏄竴绉嶇煭鏆傛х殑鎰忚瘑涓уけ銆
绛旓細5.1 鏅鍘ョ殑鐥呭洜鐥呮満 鏅鍘ュ彂鐥呭師鍥澶氱敱鍏冩皵铏氬急锛岀梾鍚庢皵琛鏈锛屼骇鍚庡け琛杩囧锛屾瘡鍥犳搷鍔宠繃搴︺侀鐒惰捣绔嬬瓑鑷翠娇缁忔皵涓鏃剁磰涔憋紝鍗佷簩缁忚剦姘旇涓嶈兘涓婂厖浜庡ご锛岄槼姘斾笉鑳介氳揪浜庡洓鏈岃嚧锛涙垨鍥犳儏蹇楀紓甯告尝鍔紝鎴栧洜澶栦激鍓х儓鐤肩棝锛屼互鑷寸粡姘旈嗕贡锛屾竻绐嶅彈鎵拌岀獊鐒舵槒鍊掋傜幇浠e尰瀛﹁涓猴紝鏅鍘ヤ富瑕鏄敱鍚勭鍘熷洜寮曡捣...
绛旓細璇稿帴鍥烘硠鏄寚鍚勬皵閫嗗吋瑙佷簩渚夸笉閫氭垨娉勬郴鐨勭梾璇併傚嚭鑷婄礌闂疯嚦鐪熻璁恒嬨傜畝浠嬶細璇稿帴鍥烘硠 鎸囧悇姘旈嗗吋瑙佷簩渚夸笉閫氭垨娉勬郴鐨勭梾璇併傘婄礌闂疯嚦鐪熻璁恒嬶細鈥滆鍘ュ浐娉勶紝鐨嗗睘浜庝笅銆傗濃滆鍘ュ浐娉,鐨嗗睘浜庝笅鈥濆彞鐨勬剰鎬濇槸澶氱鎵嬭冻閫嗗喎鎴栨墜瓒冲績鍙戠儹鐨勫帴璇銆佷簩渚垮浐闂笉閫氭垨娉诲埄涓嶇鐨勭梾璇,鍏鐥呮満澶ч兘...
绛旓細鐓鍘鏄孩闃冲寮狅紝鐓庣啲闃寸簿锛岄槾绮剧缁濊岃嚧锛堝嚭鑷婄礌闂风敓姘旈氬ぉ璁恒嬶細鈥滅簿缁濓紝杈熺Н浜庡銆傗濓級锛屽睘浜庢湰铏氭爣瀹炰箣璇侊紱钖勫帴鏄倽姘斾笂閫嗭紝琛闅忔皵鍗囷紝姘旇閫嗕贡锛岄儊绉簬涓婅岃嚧锛堝嚭鑷婄礌闂风敓姘旈氬ぉ璁恒嬶細鈥滃ぇ鎬掑垯褰㈡皵缁濓紝鑰岃鑿浜庝笂銆傗濓級锛屽睘浜庡疄璇併傚弬鑰冭祫鏂欐潵婧愶細鐧惧害鐧剧--鐢熸皵閫氬ぉ璁 鍙傝冭祫鏂...
绛旓細鍘ョ殑鍚箟鏈夊绉嶃備竴鎸囨毚鐥呮槒鍘ョ殑鍙戠梾褰㈠紡锛屽鈥滃拷涓虹湬浠嗚劚缁濃濓紝鈥滅獊鐒舵槒杩愶紝涓嶇渷浜轰簨鈥濅负鍘ャ傘婄被缁徛峰帴閫嗐嬭锛氣滃帴鑰咃紝閫嗕篃銆傛皵閫嗗垯涔憋紝鏁呭拷涓虹湬浠嗚劚缁濓紝鍏跺悕涓哄帴鈥濄傘婅瘉娌诲噯缁陈峰崚涓毚鍘ャ嬭锛氣滅獊鐒舵槒杩愶紝涓嶇渷浜轰簨涓哄帴鈥濄傘婃潅鐥呭箍瑕伮峰帴銆嬭锛氣滃崚鐒舵槒杩愶紝璇哥梾鍚嶄箣涓哄帴鈥濄...
绛旓細灞犺佸笀鏁寸悊銆備腑鍖诲唴绉戠梾璇佸懡鍚嶆柟寮忓鏍凤紝鏃ㄥ湪绮惧噯璇嗗埆鐤剧梾鐗瑰緛銆鐥呭洜鍛藉悕鐩存帴浣撶幇鐤剧梾瑙﹀彂鍥犵礌锛屽涓鐢卞椋庢垨鍐呴鎵鑷达紝涓殤鐢辩幆澧冪儹鍔涜繃寮哄紩璧凤紝铏瘉鐢辫櫕鍜佽櫕绉紩璧枫傛牳蹇鐥呮満鍛藉悕鍒欐繁鍏ヨВ鏋愮柧鐥呮湰璐紝濡傞儊璇佺敱鎯呭織涓嶇晠寮曡捣姘旀満闃绘粸锛岀椆璇佺敱椋庡瘨婀块偑渚佃鍏宠妭寮曞彂锛鍘ヨ瘉鐢辨皵琛閫嗕贡瀵艰嚧銆傜梾鐞嗗洜绱犲懡鍚嶈仛鐒︿簬...
绛旓細渚涜涓嶈冻妞庯紞鍩哄簳鍔ㄨ剦渚涜涓嶈冻锛岃抽蓟鍠夌鐤剧梾锛甯歌浜庝腑鑰佸勾浜猴紝鐢变簬灏忚剳鍙婅剳骞蹭緷闈犳-鍩哄簳鍔ㄨ剦鐨勪緵琛锛屽綋妞-鍩哄姩鑴夊彂鐢熺梾鍙樻椂锛岃剳閮ㄨ娴佷笉鐣咃紝渚涜涓嶈冻锛屽父鍑虹幇鐪╂檿绛夌棁鐘躲傛湰鐥呭睘浜庝腑鍖烩滅湬鏅曗濄佲鍘ヨ瘉鈥濈瓑鑼冪暣銆傚叾鐥呮満甯镐笌琛铏氳婊烇紝澶圭棸涓婃壈锛屾皵鏈哄彈闃绘湁鍏炽 鐥囩姸锛氱梾浜哄彲鍑虹幇鐪╂檿锛屾伓蹇冨憰鍚愶紝...