由甲烷和氧气组成的混合气体在标准状况下
体积比等于物质的量之比.为简单起见,设混合气体为22.4升,质量为,物质的量之和为1mol,设氧气为x mol,甲烷为1-x mol,
32x + 16(1-x) = 22.4
x = 0.4
氧气和甲烷的体积比 = 氧气和甲烷的 物质的量之比 = 0.4 :0.6 = 2:3
A
绛旓細鏍囧噯鐘跺喌涓嬬殑瀵嗗害涓 0.821g/L 22.4L璐ㄩ噺涓18.4g 涔熷氨鏄1mol 鐨勬贩鍚堟皵浣璐ㄩ噺涓18.4g 璁1mol 娣峰悎姘斾綋N2鍜CH4鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓垎鍒负x mol y mol x+y=1 28x+16y=18.4 璁＄畻鍙煡x= 0.2mol y= 0.8mol 浣撶Н姣斾负1:4
绛旓細锛1锛夌敱鏂圭▼寮忕煡瀵瑰簲鍏崇郴锛2H2鈥斺O2,2CO鈥斺擮2,CH4鈥斺2O2.鍗充竴姘у寲纰冲拰姘㈡皵鑰楁哀姣斾竴鏍枫傝鐢茬兎浣撶Н鍒嗘暟鏄痻锛屽垯CO鍜孒2鍏卞崰浣撶Н鍒嗘暟涓1-x銆2xa+1/2(1-x)a=a,x=1/3.锛2锛夊搴斿叧绯伙細H2鈥斺擧2O,CO鈥斺擟O2,CH4鈥斺擟O2+2H2O.鍗充竴姘у寲纰冲拰姘㈡皵浜ф垚姘斾綋姣斾竴鏍枫傝鐢茬兎浣撶Н鍒嗘暟鏄痻锛屽垯...
绛旓細杩欓渶瑕佽繃绋?鎶婂寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡鍐欏嚭鏉ュ氨琛屼簡鍟 CH4 + 2O2 --- CO2 + 2H2O 1 2 1 3浣撶Н鍙樻垚1浣撶Н,姘村啀鏍囧喌涓嬩负娑叉.鎵浠,绛旀:(11.2+22.4)/3=11.2 L
绛旓細4 浠庤川閲忕湅,鍓嶆槸4.4,鍚庢槸2.2+1.8=4,鏈4鍏姘斾綋浣,浣欐皵鍙兘鏄鐢茬兎,鍙兘鏄姘ф皵,鏁呮湁涓や釜姣斿
绛旓細CH4+2O2=CO2+2H2O 浠庢鍙嶅簲寮忓彲鐪嬪嚭锛11.2LCH4鏄0.5mol 22.4L O2鏄1mol 鍙嶅簲鍚姘斾綋CO2 0.5mol H2O 1mol鎭㈠鍘熺姸鎬佸悗锛孒2O鍙樻垚娑蹭綋銆傛皵浣撶殑浣撶Н涓 锛0.5锛*22.4锛11.2L
绛旓細CH4 +2O2 ===CO2 +2H2O 1 2 11.2 22.4 鎭板ソ瀹屽叏鐕冪儳锛屽緱鍒 11.2L鐨凜O2 锛屾爣鍐典笅浜х墿H2O涓嶆槸姘斾綋 鍥犳鍙嶅簲鍚庢皵浣撲綋绉氨鏄疌O2浣撶Н锛屼负 11.2L
绛旓細棣栧厛璁＄畻鍑娣峰悎姘斾綋鐨勫钩鍧囨懇灏旇川閲0.821脳22.4=18.4g/mol 鐒跺悗鍒╃敤鍗佸瓧浜ゅ弶娉曡绠楀嚭涓ゆ皵浣撶殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺姣旓紝鍗冲畠浠殑浣撶Н姣 锛28-18.4锛/(18.4-16)=9.6/2.4 =4/1 濡傛灉娌℃湁鎺屾彙鍗佸瓧浜ゅ弶娉曪紝閭ｄ箞鍙ソ鍒楁柟绋嬫潵璁＄畻浜嗐傝姘皵涓簒鎽╁皵锛鐢茬兎涓簓鎽╁皵,姹倄/y閭ｄ箞 (28x+16y)/(x+y)=18.4--...
绛旓細鍙互锛屽彧瑕佷互涓瀹氭瘮渚嬪潎鍖娣峰悎 姣斿鐢茬兎鐨鐖嗙偢鏋侀檺鑼冨洿鏄5.3%~15%锛圴/V锛CH4 + 2 O2 =鐐圭噧= CO2 + 2 H2O 16...64 16/锛16+64锛=20 璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟涓20%鐨勬椂鍊欑垎鐐告晥鏋滄渶濂 姣斿鍦ㄧ熆娲為噷闈㈣揪鍒扮垎鐐告瀬闄愶紝涓涓數鐏姳锛屽彧瑕佽秴杩囧紩鐕冩俯搴538掳C锛屽氨浼氱垎鐐 ...
绛旓細鐢茬兎鍜屾哀姘鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾按锛岃繖涓ょ姘斾綋閮戒細涓庣⒈鐭崇伆鍙嶅簲锛屽洜姝0.6g涓篊O2鍜 H2O 鐨勮川閲忥紝鑰冭檻鐢茬兎浜庢哀鐨勫弽搴擟H4+2O2=CO2+2H2O鍙煡浜屾哀鍖栫⒊涓庢按鐨勮川閲忔瘮涓44:36=11:9鍙煡浜屾哀鍖栫⒊璐ㄩ噺涓0.6*11/20=0.33g锛屾按璐ㄩ噺涓0.27g,鍗虫湁0.33/44=0.0075molCO2,涔熷氨鏄鍙嶅簲鐨鐢茬兎涓庢哀姘旂殑鎬荤墿璐ㄧ殑...
绛旓細1.瀵嗗害鏄1 g/l锛屾皵浣撶殑鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺鏄22.4 l/mol 瀵嗗害脳姘斾綋鐨勬懇灏旇川閲(鍗曚綅鍚屾椂鐩镐箻锛=22.4g/mol寰楀埌鐨勬槸娣峰悎姘斾綋鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忥紝鍐嶇敤鍗佸瓧浜ゅ弶娉曪紝鐢茬兎16 9.6 3 22.4 --- = --- =鐗╄川鐨勯噺涔嬫瘮=姘斾綋浣撶Н涔嬫瘮 姘ф皵32 6.4 2 2.鈶爊=c脳v=0.2v锛坴鐨勫崟浣嶆槸L锛塶=m/M...
