believe的用法

believe与believe in含义相近,都可译为“相信”,其后的宾语可以是sth,也可以是sb。但仔细分析之后,两者的核心意思还是有所差异,在大多数情况下泾渭分明,不可混用。
1. believe sb vs believe in sb
区别:
believe sb:相信某人说的话,相当于believe what sb says,可译为”相信……说的是真的“;
believe in sb:相信某人的品行或能力,即believe sb is reliable or able,可译为“信任,信赖,对……有信心”。
例句:
I believe him, though his story sounds unlikely. 我相信他说的话,尽管听起来不大可能。
Some of his supporters have stopped believing in him. 他的一些支持者已经对他失去信心。
★believe in oneself
我们经常说:“相信自己。”这里 的相信是用believe还是believe in呢?我们是要相信自己说的话,还是要相信自己有能力、会成功?答案当然是后者。
例句:
Others will believe in you only if you first believe in yourself. 你只有首先相信自己,别人才能相信你。(你只有首先对自己有信心,别人才能对你有信心。)
★can’t believe one's eyes / ears
相当于can’t believe what one sees / hears,不相信自己所看到的或所听到的,即“不敢相信这是真的”。
I couldn’t believe my eyes when I opened the box. 我打开盒子,不敢相信眼前看到的一切。
2. believe sth vs believe in sth
区别:
believe sth:相信某事物是真的或者其内容符合事实,相当于believe sth is true,sth一般是report(报道)、story(故事)、theory(理论)等;
believe in:
1) 相信某事物的存在,相当于believe sth exists = believe in the existence of sth,sth可以是上帝、鬼魂、外星人或其他名词,译成“信,信奉”;
2) 相信某事物是有益的,有效的,相当于believe sth is good or effective,此时可以用动名词作宾语,即believe in doing sth;
3) 对某事物有信心,一般是事物的属性或人的特性、能力等抽象名词,相当于have confidence in。前两种用法都可以与第三种互换,转变成believe in the existence / effectiveness of sth等。
例句:
It is dangerous to believe things on hearsay. 基于道听途说就轻言相信是危险的。
I don’t believe a word of you. 你说的话我一个字也不信。
I believe in the Bible / God. 我信奉《圣经》/上帝。
I believe in miracles / ghosts. = I believe in the existence of miracles / ghosts。我相信奇迹/鬼魂是存在的。
If people didn’t believe in ideals, great things would not be accomplished. 如果人们不相信理想,许多伟大的事业就无法实现。
He believes deeply in the need for a tax reform. 他深信有必要进行税收改革。
I believe in traveling light. 我认为出行就要轻装上阵。
I believe in your ability to find solutions. 我相信你有能力找到解决办法。
★can’t believe one’s luck
相当于“can’t believe how lucky one is”,不敢相信自己这么幸运,也属于“不敢相信这是真的”。
She couldn’t believe her luck when she saw the room was empty. 看到房间里空无一人,她不敢相信自己有这么好的运气。
总体而言,believe一般用于具体的事物,所指的情况具有暂时的特性,意思是“相信……是真的”;believe in一般用于抽象的事物,所指的情况具有持久的特性,意思包括“相信有……,相信……是好的”。

延伸:trust & trust in
在表达“相信”意思时,trust兼具believe与believe in的部分用法,而使用频率较低的trust in等同于trust / believe in的部分用法。
trust:
1) trust sb = believe in sb (believe someone is reliable, honest or fair 侧重品行) 信任,信赖
Politicians just can't be trusted. 政客不可信赖。
I should never have trusted her. 我就不该相信她。
2) trust sth:
(i) believein sth (believe something is reliable or effective; have confidence in something) 信赖;
(ii) believe sth (believe something is true) 相信
Never trust cheap locks like these.别信赖这些廉价的锁具。
I trust his judgment on legal issues. 我相信他在法律问题上的判断力。
trust a rumor = believe a rumor 相信谣言
Don't trust anything Mr Davis tells you. 达维斯先生告诉你什么都别信。
trust in:
trust in sb / sth = believe in = trust 信赖
Trust in me. I know what I am saying. 相信我。我知道我在说什么。
Can I trust in the figures in this report? 这篇报告的数据可信吗?
She trusted in the powers of justice 她相信正义的力量。

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  • 扩展阅读:believe的用法和搭配 ... exciting 中文翻译 ... unbelievable ... belief的用法 ... embarrassing ... believe 中文翻译 ... knowledgeable ... agree ... 《believer》原唱 ...

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