日本的英语介绍 用英语介绍日本
\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65e5\u672cJapan is a very beautiful and modern country.
Its image is a small island country with popular natural site such as FUJI mountain and so on, fashionable persons and buildings,advanced science and technology as well as interesting animation and comic. People in japan just work very hard so that they make their country become one of the strongest developed countries which is poor in natural resource.And this spirit is that we need to learn most about this wonderful country .
Japan is an island country located on the Pacific Ocean, east of China and Korea, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. It is composed of over 3,000 islands, the largest of which are Hokkaid\u014d, Honsh\u016b, Shikoku, and Ky\u016bsh\u016b. Most of Japan's islands are mountainous, and many are volcanic; the highest peak is Mount Fuji.
Japan is the world's second-largest economy and one of the world's leading industrialized countries. It is a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament, one of the oldest legislatures in Asia. Despite its rugged terrain, it is one of the most populous\u2014and one of the most densely populated\u2014countries in the world. Its capital Tokyo, with over thirty million residents, is the largest metropolitan area in the world.
Historically, Japan adopted many Chinese customs and institutions beginning in the 7th and 8th centuries. From the 12th century to the mid-1800s, Japan was a feudal country led by clans of warriors. After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan adopted many European and American customs and institutions. Its culture today is a mixture of these influences along with traditional Japanese culture.
Japan's name in the kanji writing system is often translated as "Land of the Rising Sun", and comes from the country's location on the east coast of Asia.
Japan is comprised of over 3,000 islands[5] making it an archipelago. The largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for 97% of Japan's land area. Most of the islands are mountainous, many volcanic; for example, Japan’s highest peak, Mount Fuji, is a volcano. Japan has the world's tenth largest population, with about 128 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people were living on the islands of Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan begins with brief appearances in Chinese history texts from the first century A.D. Influence from the outside world followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. Since adopting its constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament, the Diet.
Japan is a country of over three thousand islands extending along the Pacific coast of Asia. The main islands, running from north to south, are Hokkaidō, Honshū (the main island), Shikoku and Kyūshū. The Ryukyu Islands, including Okinawa, are a chain of islands south of Kyushū. Together they are often known as the Japanese Archipelago.
About 70% to 80% of the country is forested, mountainous,[39][40] and unsuitable for agricultural, industrial, or residential use. This is because of the generally steep elevations, climate and risk of landslides caused by earthquakes, soft ground and heavy rain. This has resulted in an extremely high population density in the habitable zones that are mainly located in coastal areas. Japan is one of the most densely populated countries in the world.[41]
Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire, at the juncture of three tectonic plates, gives Japan frequent low-intensity tremors and occasional volcanic activity. Destructive earthquakes, often resulting in tsunamis, occur several times each century.[42] The most recent major quakes are the 2004 Chūetsu earthquake and the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995. Hot springs are numerous and have been developed as resorts.[43]
The climate of Japan is predominantly temperate, but varies greatly from north to south.[44] Japan's geographical features divide it into six principal climatic zones:
Hokkaidō: The northernmost zone has a temperate climate with long, cold winters and cool summers. Precipitation is not heavy, but the islands usually develop deep snow banks in the winter.
Sea of Japan: On Honshū's west coast, the northwest wind in the wintertime brings heavy snowfall. In the summer, the region is cooler than the Pacific area, though it sometimes experiences extremely hot temperatures, because of the foehn wind phenomenon.
Central Highland: A typical inland climate, with large temperature differences between summer and winter, and between day and night. Precipitation is light.
Seto Inland Sea: The mountains of the Chūgoku and Shikoku regions shelter the region from the seasonal winds, bringing mild weather throughout the year.
Pacific Ocean: The east coast experiences cold winters with little snowfall and hot, humid summers because of the southeast seasonal wind.
Ryukyu Islands: The Ryukyu Islands have a subtropical climate, with warm winters and hot summers. Precipitation is very heavy, especially during the rainy season. Typhoons are common.
The highest temperature ever measured in Japan — 40.9 degrees Celsius — was recorded on August 16, 2007.[45]
The main rainy season begins in early May in Okinawa, and the stationary rain front responsible for this gradually works its way north until it dissipates in northern Japan before reaching Hokkaidō in late July. In most of Honshū, the rainy season begins before the middle of June and lasts about six weeks. In late summer and early autumn, typhoons often bring heavy rain.[44]
Japan is home to nine forest ecoregions which reflect the climate and geography of the islands. They range from subtropical moist broadleaf forests in the Ryūkyū and Bonin islands, to temperate broadleaf and mixed forests in the mild climate regions of the main islands, to temperate coniferous forests in the cold, winter portions of the northern islands.[46]
From 1868, Meiji period launched economic expansion. Meiji rulers embraced the concept of a free market economy and adopted British and North American forms of free enterprise capitalism. Japanese went to study overseas and Western scholars were hired to teach in Japan. Many of today's enterprises were founded at the time. Japan emerged as the most developed nation in Asia.
From the 1960s to the 1980s, overall real economic growth has been called a "Japanese miracle": a 10% average in the 1960s, a 5% average in the 1970s and a 4% average in the 1980s.[53] Growth slowed markedly in the 1990s, largely because of the after-effects of Japanese asset price bubble and domestic policies intended to wring speculative excesses from the stock and real estate markets. Government efforts to revive economic growth met with little success and were further hampered by the global slowdown in 2000.[54] The economy showed strong signs of recovery after 2005. GDP growth for that year was 2.8%, with an annualized fourth quarter expansion of 5.5%, surpassing the growth rates of the US and European Union during the same period.[55]
The Minato Mirai 21 district of Yokohama. The majority of Japan's economy is service sector based.Japan is the second largest economy in the world,[56] after the United States, at around US$4.5 trillion in terms of nominal GDP[56] and third after the United States and China in terms of purchasing power parity.[57] Banking, insurance, real estate, retailing, transportation, telecommunications and construction are all major industries.[58] Japan has a large industrial capacity and is home to some of the largest, leading and most technologically advanced producers of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles and processed foods.[54] The service sector accounts for three quarters of the gross domestic product.
As of 2001, Japan's shrinking labor force consisted of some 67 million workers.[59] Japan has a low unemployment rate, around 4%. Japan's GDP per hour worked is the world's 19th highest as of 2007.[60] Big Mac Index shows that Japanese workers get the highest salary per hour in the world. Some of the largest enterprises in Japan include Toyota Motor, NTT DoCoMo, Canon, Honda, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Sony, Nintendo, Nippon Steel, Tepco, Mitsubishi Estate, and 711.[61] It is home to some of the world's largest banks and the Tokyo Stock Exchange, known for Nikkei 225, stands as the second largest in the world by market capitalization.[62] Japan is home to 326 companies from the Forbes Global 2000 or 16.3% (as of 2006).
Nagoya has high industrial power like automative industry.Japan ranks 12th of 178 countries in the Ease of Doing Business Index 2008 and it has one of the smallest governments in the developed world. Japanese variant of capitalism has many distinct features. Keiretsu enterprises are influential. Lifetime employment and seniority-based career advancement are relatively common in Japanese work environment.[63][64] Japanese companies are known for management methods such as "The Toyota Way". Shareholder activism is rare.[65] Recently, Japan has moved away from some of these norms.[66][67] In the Index of Economic Freedom, Japan is the 5th most laissez-faire of 30 Asian countries.[68]
Japan's exports amounted to 4,210 U.S. dollars per capita in 2005. Japan's main export markets are the United States 22.8%, the European Union 14.5%, China 14.3%, South Korea 7.8%, Taiwan 6.8% and Hong Kong 5.6% (for 2006). Japan's main exports are transportation equipment, motor vehicles, electronics, electrical machinery and chemicals.[54] Japan's main import markets are China 20.5%, U.S. 12.0%, the European Union 10.3%, Saudi Arabia 6.4%, UAE 5.5%, Australia 4.8%, South Korea 4.7% and Indonesia 4.2% (for 2006). Japan's main imports are machinery and equipment, fossil fuels, foodstuffs (in particular beef), chemicals, textiles and raw materials for its industries.[69] By market share measures, domestic markets are the least open of any OECD country.[64] Junichiro Koizumi administration commenced some pro-competition reforms and foreign investment in Japan has soared recently.[70]
Japan's business culture has many indigenous concepts such as nemawashi, nenko system, salaryman, and office lady. Japan's housing market is characterized by limited land supply in urban areas. This is particularly true for Tokyo, the world's largest urban agglomeration GDP. More than half of Japanese live in suburbs or more rural areas, where detached houses are the dominant housing type. Agricultural businesses in Japan often utilize a system of terrace farming and crop yields are high. 13% of Japan's land is cultivated. Japan accounts for nearly 15% of the global fish catch, second only to China.[54] Japan's agricultural sector is protected at high cost.[71]
Japanese culture has evolved greatly over the years, from the country's original Jōmon culture to its contemporary culture, which combines influences from Asia, Europe and North America. Traditional Japanese arts include crafts (ikebana, origami, ukiyo-e, dolls, lacquerware, pottery), performances (bunraku, dance, kabuki, noh, rakugo), traditions (games, tea ceremony, Budō, architecture, gardens, swords) and cuisine. The fusion of traditional woodblock printing and Western art led to the creation of manga, a typically Japanese comic book format that is now popular within and outside Japan.[108] Manga-influenced animation for television and film is called anime. Japanese-made video game consoles have prospered since the 1980s.[109]
Japanese music is eclectic, having borrowed instruments, scales and styles from neighboring cultures. Many instruments, such as the koto, were introduced in the ninth and tenth centuries. The accompanied recitative of the Noh drama dates from the fourteenth century and the popular folk music, with the guitar-like shamisen, from the sixteenth.[110] Western music, introduced in the late nineteenth century, now forms an integral part of the culture. Post-war Japan has been heavily influenced by American and European modern music, which has led to the evolution of popular band music called J-pop.[111]
Karaoke is the most widely practiced cultural activity. A November 1993 survey by the Cultural Affairs Agency found that more Japanese had sung karaoke that year than had participated in traditional cultural pursuits such as flower arranging or tea ceremony.[112]
A Japanese gardenThe earliest works of Japanese literature include two history books the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki and the eighth century poetry book Man'yōshū, all written in Chinese characters.[113] In the early days of the Heian period, the system of transcription known as kana (Hiragana and Katakana) was created as phonograms. The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter is considered the oldest Japanese narrative.[114] An account of Heian court life is given by The Pillow Book written by Sei Shōnagon, while The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki is often described as the world's first novel. During the Edo period, literature became not so much the field of the samurai aristocracy as that of the chōnin, the ordinary people. Yomihon, for example, became popular and reveals this profound change in the readership and authorship.[114] The Meiji era saw the decline of traditional literary forms, during which Japanese literature integrated Western influences. Natsume Sōseki and Mori Ōgai were the first "modern" novelists of Japan, followed by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Yasunari Kawabata, Yukio Mishima and, more recently, Haruki Murakami. Japan has two Nobel Prize-winning authors — Yasunari Kawabata (1968) and Kenzaburo Oe (1994).
绛旓細Japan (Japanese: 鏃ユ湰, Nihon or Nippon) is an island country located in the Pacific Ocean, east of China and Korea, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. It is posed of over 3,000 islands, the largest of which are Hokkaid艒, Honsh奴, S...
绛旓細Japan is an island nation located on the Pacific Ocean, east of China and Korea, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. It is composed of over 3,000 islands, the largest of which are Hokkaid艒, Honsh奴, Shikoku, and Ky奴sh奴. M...
绛旓細Japan's famous natural scenic area was developed as a multi-national park, by the State responsible for the management and protection, beautiful, full of natural taste.Hokkaido Akan National Park - the park has the elegant shape of the volcano and set off in the virgin forest of ...
绛旓細In Year 5 and 6 of the century, (sent to Tang) and the China Buddhism began writing text spread to Japan, Japan in a very long time have been deeper impact on Chinese culture. In the meantime, although Japan is the emperor of Japan's rulers, the real power often lies in the strengt...
绛旓細瀵屽＋灞憋細Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan at 3,776 m (12,388 ft). An active volcano that last erupted in 1707-08, it straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi prefectures just west of Tokyo, from which it can be seen on a clear day. It is located near ...
绛旓細Hokkaid艒:The northernmost zone has a temperate climate with long,cold winters and cool summers.Precipitation is not heavy,but the islands usually develop deep snow banks in the winter.鍖楁捣閬擄細鏈鍖楄竟鐨勫湴甯︽湁鐫婕暱瀵掑喎鐨勫啲澶╁拰鍑夌埥鐨勫澶.闄嶆按涓嶆槑鏄,浣嗘槸杩欎釜宀涢氬父鍦ㄥ啲澶╀細鏈夊帤鍘氱殑绉洩 鑻辫...
绛旓細鏃ユ湰涓滀含杩柉灏间箰鍥浠嬬粛 The first amusement park in Asia, Tokyo Disneyland is the world's largest existing five blocks of a Disney park. Five consecutive years from 1994 to 1999 the number of visitors more than Disneyland in the United States.There are two main reasons : its ...
绛旓細As we all know,Japan is an advanced country.You must have seen many cars,cameras,TV sets or cellphones made in Japan.In the past years,about 500 thousand Chinese have moved to Japan.銆愬弬鑰冭瘧鏂囥 鏃ユ湰浣嶄簬涓浗鐨勪笢闈,瀹冩槸鎴戜滑鐨勯偦鍥.鏃ユ湰鏄竴涓矝鍥,鏈変竴浜夸簩鍗冧竾浜哄彛,闈㈢Н涓37涓囧钩鏂瑰叕閲.涓滀含鏄...
绛旓細瑙ｇ瓟:瀵屽＋灞辫嫳鏂囦粙缁(甯︿腑鏂囩炕璇):瀵屽＋灞辨槸鏃ユ湰绗竴楂樺嘲,鏄棩鏈皯鏃忕殑璞″緛,琚棩鏈汉姘戣獕涓衡滃湥宀斥濄侻ount Fuji is Japan's tallest peak is a symbol of the Japanese nation, the Japanese people as the "sacred mountain." 瀵屽＋灞变綅浜庢湰宸炰腑鍗楅儴,涓滆窛涓滀含绾80鍗冪背,闈㈢Н90.76骞虫柟鍗冪背,娴锋嫈3776绫,灞卞嘲楂樿...
绛旓細鏃ユ湰涓滀含杩＋灏艰嫳璇粙缁嶃傛棩鏈笢浜开澹凹鑻辫浠嬬粛:Tokyo Disneyland, built in 1982, is located in Pu'an City, Chiba Prefecture, east of Tokyo, Japan. It was built by Disney Corporation of the United States and Catalpa Design Company of Japan. Tokyo Disneyland, known as Asia's first amusement pa...
