英语时态有16种,请详细并举例说说在句中的用法? 英语时态有哪些?是八种还是十六种?请详细举例说说这些英语时态...
\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u6001\u662f\u516b\u79cd\u8fd8\u662f\u5341\u516d\u79cd\uff1f\u8bf7\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u8bf4\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u6001\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1f
\u53c2\u7167\u4e0a\u8868\uff0c\u7531\u7b2c1\u5217\u81f3\u7b2c4\u5217\uff08\u7ad6\u7740\u770b\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u768416\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a
1. \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a We have six classes every day. \u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0a\u516d\u8282\u8bfe\u3002
2. \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI am playing computer games now.\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u7535\u8111\u6e38\u620f\u3002
3. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aShe has been to New York twice. \u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u53bb\u8fc7\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e24\u6b21\u3002
4. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe has been teaching math for 10 years.\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6559\u6570\u5b6610\u5e74\u4e86\u3002
5. \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI bought 2 comic books yesterday.\u6628\u5929\u6211\u4e70\u4e862\u672c\u6f2b\u753b\u4e66\u3002
6. \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aWe were playing basketball at 6 p.m. yesterday. \u6628\u5929\u4e0b\u53486\u70b9\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u7bee\u7403\u3002
7. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThe train had already left by the time I got to the station.\u5728\u6211\u5230\u8fbe\u8f66\u7ad9\u524d\uff0c\u706b\u8f66\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u3002
8. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAt last he got the offer from the university he had been expecting.\u4ed6\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u671f\u76fc\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u5f55\u53d6\u901a\u77e5\u4e66\u3002
9. \u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI will go to Kunming tomorrow.\u6211\u660e\u5929\u5c06\u4f1a\u53bb\u6606\u660e\u3002
10. \u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI will be doing my homework this time tomorrow.
\u660e\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002
11. \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aBy this time next year, I will have graduated from the university. \u5230\u660e\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e86\u3002
12. \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aBy the time the sun rises, I shall have been sleeping for nine hours.\u592a\u9633\u5347\u8d77\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u7761\u4e869\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e86\u3002
13. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI knew that she would be late.\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u4f1a\u8fdf\u5230\u3002
14. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThey said they would be coming.\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u6765\u3002
15. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the weekend. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u5c06\u5728\u5468\u672b\u524d\u8fd8\u6211\u94b1\u3002
16. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff08\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3010\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u3011\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u5230\u4e86\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u671f\u672b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5b66\u4e86\u4e09\u5e74\u82f1\u8bed\u4e86\u3002
\u53c2\u7167\u4e0a\u8868\uff0c\u7531\u7b2c1\u5217\u81f3\u7b2c4\u5217\uff08\u7ad6\u7740\u770b\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u768416\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a
1. \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a We have six classes every day. \u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0a\u516d\u8282\u8bfe\u3002
2. \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI am playing computer games now.\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u7535\u8111\u6e38\u620f\u3002
3. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aShe has been to New York twice. \u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u53bb\u8fc7\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e24\u6b21\u3002
4. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe has been teaching math for 10 years.\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6559\u6570\u5b6610\u5e74\u4e86\u3002
5. \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI bought 2 comic books yesterday.\u6628\u5929\u6211\u4e70\u4e862\u672c\u6f2b\u753b\u4e66\u3002
6. \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aWe were playing basketball at 6 p.m. yesterday. \u6628\u5929\u4e0b\u53486\u70b9\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u7bee\u7403\u3002
7. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThe train had already left by the time I got to the station.\u5728\u6211\u5230\u8fbe\u8f66\u7ad9\u524d\uff0c\u706b\u8f66\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u3002
8. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAt last he got the offer from the university he had been expecting.\u4ed6\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u671f\u76fc\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u5f55\u53d6\u901a\u77e5\u4e66\u3002
9. \u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI will go to Kunming tomorrow.\u6211\u660e\u5929\u5c06\u4f1a\u53bb\u6606\u660e\u3002
10. \u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI will be doing my homework this time tomorrow.
\u660e\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002
11. \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aBy this time next year, I will have graduated from the university. \u5230\u660e\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e86\u3002
12. \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aBy the time the sun rises, I shall have been sleeping for nine hours.\u592a\u9633\u5347\u8d77\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u7761\u4e869\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e86\u3002
13. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI knew that she would be late.\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u4f1a\u8fdf\u5230\u3002
14. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThey said they would be coming.\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u6765\u3002
15. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the weekend. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u5c06\u5728\u5468\u672b\u524d\u8fd8\u6211\u94b1\u3002
16. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff08\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3010\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u3011\uff0c\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u5230\u4e86\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u671f\u672b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5b66\u4e86\u4e09\u5e74\u82f1\u8bed\u4e86\u3002
具体的时态举例,如果16种全列上,是放不下的。建议你找比较厚一点的语法书看一下,一般都有介绍。
8.1 —般现在时(Present Indefinite Tense)
1. 表示习惯性的动作;讲话时,人或事物的特性或状态;以及客观真理等
谓语动词:除第三人称单数需要在动词后加-s外,其余人称均用原 形动词(be和have动词随着人称的不同有特殊形式)。该时态常跟有一个含有频度或现在概念的状语,如:always,never,every day等。例如:
We get up at six every morning. (习惯性动作)我们每天早上六点钟起床。
Everyone is in high spirits. (现在所处状态)大家都情绪高涨
Light travels more quickly than sound. (客观事实)光比声运行得更快。
2. 用于时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时
例如:
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. 如果明天是晴天,我们将去野餐。
When you come next time, bring me some magazines. 你下次来时,给我带几本杂志来。
3. 与某些具有“出发,到达”等含义的动词连用,表示按计划将要发生的动作
常用的这部分词包括:arrive,be,begin,go,leave,start,stay等。例如:
The delegation arrives in Beijing this afternoon.代表团将于今天下午到达。
There is a new film tonight.今天晚上有一个新电影。
4. 用于报刊的新闻标题中
例如:
Algerian Troops Fire on Anti-government Rioters 阿尔及利亚部队向反政府暴乱者开火
Wildlife Flourishes in Jilin Reserves 吉林保护区野生动物兴旺
8.2 —般过去时(Past Indefinite Tense)
表示过去某时间的动作或状态。谓语动词用过去式:规则动词的过去式是在原形动词后加-ed或-d;不规则动词的变化形式需要记忆(参见附录一)。该时态常跟有一个表示过去时间的状语,如:then,at that time,just now,three days ago,或一个由when,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句。例如:
The children went out just now. (不规则动词)孩子们刚才出去了。
She died ten years ago. (规则动词)她十年前就去世了。
【注】有时一个使用过去时的句子中并没有表示过去时间的状语,却有一个地点状语。这时,该地点状语往往暗示了动作是在过去某时间发生的。例如:
I lost my wallet at the theatre.我在剧院丢了钱包。
8.3 —般将来时(Future Indefinite Tense)
表示相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况。谓语形式是shall或will加动词原形。(在英国第一人称用shall,其他人称用will;在美国各种人称均用will。)这种时态,通常跟有一个表示将来的时间状语,如soon,next week,tomorrow等。例如:
Next month, my sister will be nineteen. 下个月我妹妹将是十九岁了。
I will (或shall) return you the book as soon as possible. 我将尽快地把书还给你。
【注】表示将来时间的其他形式.
1) be going to do表示最近打算要做的事情。例如:
What are you going to do this evening? 你今天晚上干什么?
The wall is going to be painted green. 这堵墙将被漆成绿色。
有时,也用于天气情况。例如:
It is going to rain. 天要下雨了。
be going to可用于条件句表示将来时间,而will(shall)则不能。例如:
If you are going to play tennis this afternoon, you had better get your shoes prepared now. 如果你下午要打网球,最好现在就把鞋准备好。
2) be to do表示按计划要发生的事情。例如:
We are to meet at the school gate.我们约定在校门口见面。
3) be about to do结构表示“即将(正要)做某事”。例如:
Autumn harvest is about to start.秋收就要开始了。
4) 一般现在时表示根据规定、时间表要发生的动作(参见本讲 8.1-3)
5) 现在进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作(参见本讲8.5-2)
8.4 一般过去将来时(Past Future Indefinite Tense)
表示在过去某一时刻之后将要发生的动作或情况。多用于主句谓语动词是一般过去时的宾语从句中。其形式由will或shall的过去式would或should加原形动词构成。例如:
He said that he would get married soon. 他说他不久就要结婚了。
I asked him when he would come here again. 我问他何时再到这儿来。
【注】和一般将来时一样,一般过去将来时也有其他相应的表达形式,如 was (were) going to do等。例如:
He said that he was going to try again. 他说他要再试试。
8.5 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)
由be的适当形式(am, is, are) +现在分词构成。主要用于:
1. 表示说话时,或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况。
例如:
They are making an experiment now. 他们正在进行一个实验。
Professor Wang is attending a conference in Paris 王教授正在巴黎参加一个会议。
2. 表示一个按计划即将发生的动作。
但仅适用少数动词而且常跟有一个时间状语。常见的这类动词有:go,come,leave,arrive等。例如:
He is coming here next week and is staying here until August.
他将在下星期到这儿来,并且一直待到八月。
【注】 1)不用于进行时态的动词(Verb Not Used In Continuous Tenses)包括表示感觉、情感、心理状态、所有关系以及特征等状态动词一般不可用于进行时,(参见第七讲7.2)。例如:
agree(同意) belong(属于) have(有)
love(爱) remember(记得) want(想要)
appear(好像) see(看见) hear(听见)
notice(注意) seem(好像) be(是)
feel(感觉) know(知道) mind(介意)
think(认为) believe(相信) forget(忘记)
like(喜欢) realize(认识到) wish(希望)
然而,当这部分词转作其他意思使用时,有的就可以用于进行时态了。
例如:
I am seeing Mary tomorrow. 明天我将与玛丽会面。
He is thinking about the problem. 他正在考虑这个问题。
2) be的进行时态+动态形容词(Dynamic Adjective)(参见第五讲形容词5.1-2-2),有时可表示在某一相对短暂时刻人们的活动和行为。例如:
I’m just being curious. 我只是有点好奇。
Mary is being modest now. 现在玛丽倒谦虚起来了。
3) 习惯进行时(Habitual Continuous)
现在(或过去)进行时有时可与always,constantly,forever等词连用,含有感情色彩,常常用于表示某种令人不悦的情况。例如:
You are always finding fault with me. 你老是挑我的毛病。
John is forever losing things. 约翰总是丢三落四的。
8.6 过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)
表示过去某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。谓语形式:由was (were) +现在分词构成。通常有一个表示过去时间的状语。例如:
We were talking about you a moment ago. 我们刚才谈到你呢。
I was playing the piano when she came in. 她进来的时候,我正在弹钢琴。
【注】过去进行时还常常用于对故事中情节的描述。例如:
It was a dark night and a strong wind was blowing.那是一个漆黑的夜晚,风在呼呼地刮着。
8.7 将来进行时(Future Continuous Tense)
谓语形式:由shall或will + be +现在分词构成。
1. 主要表示在将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
例如:
What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 明天这个时候,你在干什么?
We will be having a meeting from 3 to 4 this afternoon. 今天下午三点到四点,我们要开会。
2. 有时也可表示预料不久就要发生或势必要发生的动作。
例如:
I believe he’ll be coming soon.我想他马上就会到的。
I will be seeing a friend off this afternoon. 今天下午我要去送一个朋友。
8.8 现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)
谓语形式:由have(has)+过去分词构成。主要有两个用法:
1. 表示过去发生的但对现在有影响的动作。
这时,可以不用时间状语,也可和一些表示不定过去的时间状语连用,常见的有already,yet,never,before,recently,just,ever,once等。例如:
I have been to Peking many times. 我多次去过北京。
They have already published the results of their experiments. 他们已经发表了实验的结果。
2. 表示从过去某时间开始一直延续到现在(可能还要继续下去)的动作。
常用于含有延续意义的动词,并且一般要跟一个表示一段时间的状语,如since,for two years,so far,in recent years等。例如:
He has lived here since 1949. 自从1949年以来,他一直住在这儿。
I have studied English for two years. 我学英语已经两年了。
【注】 1) 含有界限意义的动词(Terminative Verb)如:begin,end,die,lose,find,fall,go,come,join等,以及含有瞬间意义的动词(Momentary Verb)如:knock,jump,strike,hit等,不能用于完成时的第二种用法。(参见第七讲7-2)例如:
不可说:He has joined the army for ten years.
应该说:He has been an armyman for ten years.
或者说:It is (has been) ten years since he joined the army.
或者说:He joined the army ten year ago.
译文:他参军已经有十年了。
2) It is (has been)... since这一结构也常用于现在完成时。例如:
It is (= has been) a long time since they last met each other. 自从他们上次见面以来,已有很长时间了。
3) 在“This is the first (second) time that... ”句型中,从句中常用完成时态。例如:
Is this the first time that you have visited Hong Kong? 这是你第一次参观香港吗?
This is the second time that I have broken a cup this year. 这是我今年第二次打坏茶杯了。
4) 在when和where引导的疑问句中,一般不用现在完成时(“Where have you been?”除外),因为这类句子询问的要点就是事情发生的具体时间和场合。例如:
----When did you see him? 你什么时间看见他的?
----I saw him an hour ago. 我是一小时以前看到他的。
----Where did you buy the book? 你在哪儿买的这本书?
----I bought the book at our school book store. 在学校书店买的。
5) 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
(1) 两者都可表示过去发生过的动作,但是前者表示的是过去动作对现在的影响,而后者则是表示过去动作的事实。试比较:
He has gone to Peking.他到北京去了。 (意思是人已不在这里)
He went to Beijing (last week). 他(上星期)到北京去了。(意思是动作发生在上周,人现在或许已回来。)
(2) 两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作,现在完成时含义为该动作仍在继续,而一般过去时则说明该动作现早已终止。试比较:
My uncle has lived in Rome for four years. 我叔叔在罗马住了四年了。(现在仍在那儿住)
My uncle lived in Rome for four years. 我叔叔在罗马住了四年。(现在不住在那儿了)
8.9 过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense)
谓语形式:由had+过去分词构成,表示在过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作,常用一个由by,before等介词或连词引导的、表示到过去某一时间为止的时间状语。这一时态,常用于宾语或定语从句中。例如:
John had learned some Chinese before he came to China. 约翰来中国以前,学过一些汉语。
By the end of last year, I had worked in this college for ten years. 到去年年底为止,我在这所学院工作已有十年了。
He found the book that he had lost. 他找到了他丢失的那本书。
过去完成时也常用在“no sooner…than”,和“ hardly…when (before)”等句型的主句中,从句中常用一般过去时。“no sooner”“hardly (scarcely)”移至句首表示强调时,要求用倒装语序(参见第十七讲17.2-2)。例如:
(1) We had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
No sooner had we reached home than it began to rain.
译文:我们一到家,天就下雨了。
(2) He had hardly entered the office when (before) the phone rang.
Hardly had he entered the office when (before) the phone rang.
译文:他一进办公室,电话铃就响了。
【注】过去完成时和一般过去时的区别
两者都表示过去的动作,但是一般过去时表示的是相对于现在的过去时间,而过去完成时表示的是相对于过去某一时刻的过去,即过去的过去。注意不要在无过去相对时间的句子里误用过去完成时,也不要在有过去相对时间的句子里误用过去时。例如:
错误:They had finished that work yesterday.
正确:They finished that work yesterday.
译文:他们昨天完成了那项工作。
错误:All delegates arrived before 6 yesterday afternoon.
正确:All delegates had arrived before 6 yesterday afternoon.
译文:昨天下午六点以前,所有的代表都到了。
8.10 现在完成进行时(Present Perfect Continuous Tense)
现在完成进行时由have (has) + been+现在分词构成,表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去,通常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:for hours,since this morning...例如:
They have been watching television for two hours. 他们已经看了两个小时的电视了。
He has been working on this essay since this morning. 自从今天早上起他一直在写那篇文章。
【注】1) 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
(1) 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的第二种(即表示动作延续)的用法相似并常常可以互换。它们的区别在于:现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性,前者可以说是后者的强调形式。 试比较:
We’ve been living here for ten years.
We’ve lived here for ten years.
译文:我们在这儿住了十年了。
(2) 在不用时间状语的情况下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行,而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。例如:
The students have been preparing for the exam. (还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试。
The students have prepared for the exam. (已经结束)学生们对考试作了准备。
(3) 现在完成进行时一般不适用于状态动词(Stative Verb),要表示状态动词的延续,只可用现在完成时。例如:
They’ve known each other since 1970. 从1970年起,他们就相互认识了。
He has hoped that he has an opportunity to have college education. 他一直希望有机会上大学。
2) 现在完成进行时在过去场合中的变化形式是过去完成进行时(the Past Perfect Continuous Tense)。其形式为:had + been + 现在分词。例如:
She asked me what I had been doing these years. 她问我这些年在干些什么。
They were sweating all over because they had been playing basketball. 他们浑身是汗,因为他们一直在打篮球来着。
参照上表,由第1列至第4列(竖着看)对应的16种时态分别是:
1. 一般现在时,例句: We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。
2. 现在进行时,例句:I am playing computer games now.我正在打电脑游戏。
3. 现在完成时,例句:She has been to New York twice. 她已经去过纽约两次。
4. 现在完成进行时,例句:He has been teaching math for 10 years.他已经教数学10年了。
5. 一般过去时,例句:I bought 2 comic books yesterday.昨天我买了2本漫画书。
6. 过去进行时,例句:We were playing basketball at 6 p.m. yesterday. 昨天下午6点我们正在打篮球。
7. 过去完成时,例句:The train had already left by the time I got to the station.在我到达车站前,火车就已经离开了。
8. 过去完成进行时,例句:At last he got the offer from the university he had been expecting.他终于收到了期盼已久的大学录取通知书。
9. 一般将来时,例句:I will go to Kunming tomorrow.我明天将会去昆明。
10. 将来进行时,例句:I will be doing my homework this time tomorrow.
明天的这个时候我正在做作业。
11. 将来完成时,例句:By this time next year, I will have graduated from the university. 到明年这个时候,我已经从大学毕业了。
12. 将来完成进行时,例句:By the time the sun rises, I shall have been sleeping for nine hours.太阳升起来之前,我已经睡了9个小时了。
13. 过去将来时,例句:I knew that she would be late.我知道她会迟到。
14. 过去将来进行时,例句:They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
15. 过去将来完成时(较少使用),例句:He said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the weekend. 他说将在周末前还我钱。
16. 过去将来完成进行时(很少使用)【表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。】,例句:He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. 他说到了春季学期末,他就学了三年英语了。
16种英语时态,最主要的有现在时、过去时、将来时,都可以与完成时搭配成为现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时。
一般现在时:
(1)现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征
(2)经常、习惯的动作
(3)客观事实、普遍现象
I am a student.我是一个学生.
现在完成进行时(have been doing)
表示从过去开始的某一动作,延续至今,或将持续下去
例句:How long have you been watching TV?你看了多久电视了?
英语时态有16种,可以查阅有关的英语语法书籍,或者在BaiDu上查英语时态, 就可以得到详细的说明和例句。
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