动词的语态
语态有两种
主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
1）若宾语补足语是不带to
的不定式，变为被动语态 时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词。
feel,hear,help,listen
to,look
at,make,observe,see,notice,watch
The
teacher
made
me
go
out
of
the
classroom.
-->
I
was
made
to
go
out
of
the
classroom
(by
the
teacher).
We
saw
him
play
football
on
the
playground.
-->
He
was
seen
to
play
football
on
the
playground.
2）情态动词+
be
+过去分词，构成被动语态。
Coal
can
be
used
to
produce
electricity
for
agriculture
and
industry.
let
的用法
1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to
的不定式。
They
let
the
strange
go.--->
The
strange
was
let
go.
2）
若let
后宾补较长时，let
通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit
代替。
The
nurse
let
me
go
to
see
my
classmate
in
the
hospital.
---->
I
was
allowed
/
permitted
to
see
my
classmate
in
the
hospital
短语动词的被动语态
短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
This
is
a
photo
of
the
power
station
that
has
been
set
up
in
my
hometown.
My
sister
will
be
taken
care
of
by
Grandma.
Such
a
thing
has
never
been
heard
of
before..
表示据说或相信
的词组
believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand
It
is
said
that… 据说
It
is
reported
that…
据报道
It
is
believed
that… 大家相信
It
is
hoped
that… 大家希望
It
is
well
known
that…
众所周知
It
is
thought
that… 大家认为
It
is
suggested
that… 据建议
It
is
taken
granted
that… 被视为当然
It
has
been
decided
that…
大家决定
It
must
be
remembered
that…务必记住的是
It
is
said
that
she
will
leave
for
Wuhan
on
Tuesday.
被动语态的新兴形式
Get+过去分词也可以构成被动语态，用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。如：
The
man
got
hurt
on
his
way
home.
那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。
How
did
the
glass
get
broken?
杯子怎么破了？
著名学者周海中教授在论文《Get-Passive研究》中指出：Get+过去分词的被动语态是一种新兴的被动语态形式；相对来说它的使用还没有Be+过去分词构成的被动语态那么广泛，一般限于口语和非正式书面语；但它却有着用得愈来愈多的趋势，是一种生气蓬勃的语言现象。
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