帮我解释（n=cv=m/M=N/NA=V/VM)(化学）？ 化学中m=cv是怎么来的
\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684n,m,N,M,V.Vm,NA,\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cf\u53ca\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6025\u9700\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u4e86n:\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf(\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3amol)
N:\u5373\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u8005\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6570\u91cf
Na:\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e \u7b2c11\u53f7\u5143\u7d20 \u5f3a\u8fd8\u539f\u6027 \u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5f04\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86
NA:\u963f\u4f0f\u52a0\u5f97\u7f57\u5e38\u6570 (\u53736.02\u4e58\u4ee510\u768423\u6b21\u65b9)(\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6469\u5c14 \u5c31\u662f mol-)
m:\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355 \u5c31\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf (\u5355\u4f4d\u4e00\u822c\u53bbg)
M:\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf \u5373\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf \u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a(g/mol)
1mol\u67d0\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u503c=\u5176\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf
\u4f8b\u5982:
\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a32,\u90a3\u4e481mol\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a32g
\u53e6\u5916 \u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf=\u8d28\u91cf \u9664\u4ee5 \u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf
\u65e2n=m/M
\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee5\u5916,\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u91cf\u53eb \u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u4f53\u79ef Vm=22.4L/mol
(\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b)
\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u8bf4\u5f97\u6700\u6e05\u695a\u4e86 \u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u6e05\u695a\u4e86
\u5c0f\u5f1f\u5f1f \u52a0\u6cb9\u5427 \u9ad8\u4e00\u5316\u5b66n\u7b80\u5355
\u7528\u5fc3\u5c31\u80fd\u5b66\u597d
\u5e94\u8be5\u662fN=cv\uff1bm\u662f\u8d28\u91cf \uff1bc\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\uff08mol/L) V\u662f\u4f53\u79ef(L) \u76f8\u4e58\u5e94\u662fmol\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fg\u3002
m/MV\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5cm\u9664\u4ee5M\u518d\u9664\u4ee5V
\u800cm\u9664\u4ee5M\u662f\u8be5\u7269\u8d28\u7684n\uff08\u6469\u5c14\u6570\uff09
n\u9664\u4ee5V\u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u5185\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u662f\u6307\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u3002
\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u4efb\u610f\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u5176\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u542b\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6216\u8d28\u91cf\u56e0\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u662f\u7528\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u914d\u52361mol/L\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u65f6\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u5f0f\u91cf\u4e3a23+35.5=58.5\uff0c\u6545\u79f0\u53d658.5g\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\uff0c\u52a0\u6c34\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u5b9a\u5bb9\u81f31000ml\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f971mol/L\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1-\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6
物质的量（摩尔数）=溶液物质的量浓度浓度×溶液体积=物质质量÷物质的摩尔质量=等于物质粒子总数÷阿伏加得罗常数=标准状态下气体体积÷气体摩尔体积
绛旓細SO4)3]=3m/112V mol/L 鎵浠ョ～閰告牴绂诲瓙鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲n=CV=3m/112V mol/L*V/10L=3m/1120 mol 鍗砃(SO4^2-)=nNA=3m/1120NA 3銆佽Вn(CuSO4路5H2O)=n(CuSO4)=CV=0.5mol/L*0.2L=0.1mol 鎵浠ラ渶纭吀閾滄櫠浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺m=nM=0.1mol*250g/mol=25g 甯屾湜鎴戠殑鍥炵瓟鑳藉浣犵殑瀛︿範 鏈甯姪锛
绛旓細Cl2閫氬叆鍏堜笌Fe2+鍙嶅簲锛屽啀涓嶣r-鍙嶅簲銆傛憾娑蹭腑鍚湁Br-锛岃鏄庢隘姘斿畬鍏ㄥ弽搴旓紝Cl2鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲0.15mol銆傛渶鍚嶤l-涓0.3mol 鑻r-娌℃湁鍙嶅簲锛屽垯n锛FeBr2锛=0.5n锛圔r-锛=0.15mol 寰0.15molFe2+鍙兘娑堣0.075mol鐨凜l2锛屾晠鏈夐儴鍒咮r-鍙傚姞鍙嶅簲 璁綟eBr2鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负x锛屽垯n锛團e2+锛=x mol锛宯锛圔r-锛...
绛旓細(1) KNO3%=20*0.14+30*0.24/20+30=20 (2) C1V1+C2V2=C娣稸娣 鍥爊=CV鎵浠 n1+n2=c娣穠娣 n=m/M 鍗 m1/M1+m2/M2=c娣穠娣 20*0.14/101+30*0.24/101=1.15*C娣 c=0.086mol/L (3)p=m/v 1=1000/v v=1000ml v=1L c=n/v n=cv =0.086*1 =0.086mol ...
绛旓細浣犲ソ锛屾垜鏄竴鍚嶉珮浜岀殑瀛︾敓锛屾垜楂樹竴鐨勫寲瀛﹀寰楁尯濂界殑銆 鍏跺疄閭ｅ緢绠鍗曠殑銆 鎴戣寰椾綘搴旇鐞嗚В閭ｅ嚑鏉″叕寮忕殑鍚勪釜瀛楁瘝浠ｈ〃浠涔堬紝涓句釜渚嬪惂锛n=m/M锛宯涓虹墿璐ㄧ殑閲忥紝绠鍗曟潵璇村氨鏄湁澶氬皯棰楃矑瀛愶紝鑰屽浗闄呬笂瑙勫畾1mol鐗╄川閮藉惈6.02*10 鐨23娆℃柟涓鐗╄川鐨勫井绮掞紝涔熷氨鏄濡傛灉鏈6.02*10鐨23娆℃柟涓隘鍖栭挔鍒嗗瓙...
绛旓細鍥炵瓟锛m=nxM=0.2x0.05x142=1.42g 浣嗘墭鐩樺ぉ骞冲彧鑳藉噯纭埌0.1g,鎵浠ュ簲绉扮～閰搁挔鐨勮川閲忎负1.4g
绛旓細1銆侀鍏堥珮涓寲瀛︾殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺灏辩浉褰撲簬鍒濅腑鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忥紝闈炲父鐨勯噸瑕侊紝涓瀹氳鎼炴竻妤氬嚑涓叕寮忎箣闂寸殑杞崲鍏崇郴銆傚锛氫笌绮掑瓙鏁颁箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴锛歂=n*NA 锛圢A涓洪樋浼忓姞寰风綏甯告暟锛夛紝涓庤川閲忎箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴锛m=n*M 锛圡涓虹浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忥級锛屽湪婧舵恫涓殑杞崲鍏崇郴锛n=CV 锛圕涓烘祿搴︼紝V鏄憾娑茬殑浣撶Н锛夛紝鍦ㄦ皵浣撲腑鐨...
绛旓細n=m/M M鏄懇灏旇川閲 n=N/NA NA鏄樋浼忎冀寰风綏甯告暟锛6.02*10^23 n=V/Vm Vm涔熸槸甯告暟锛22.4L/mol 璇ュ叕寮忓彧閫傜敤涓庢爣鍑嗙姸鍐典笅鐨勬皵浣撱n=cV V鏄憾娑蹭綋绉 璇ュ叕寮忛傜敤浜庢憾娑 鍖栧鍏紡璁＄畻鏈変釜绐嶉棬锛屾湁鏃跺欎綘蹇樿鍏紡浜嗭紝浣犲彲浠ユ牴鎹崟浣嶅幓璁＄畻鎴栨帹鍑哄叕寮忋傛瘮濡傚凡鐭ユ憾娑插瘑搴︼紝瀵嗗害鐨勫崟浣嶆槸...
绛旓細锛2锛12.39mol路L-1 鍚岀悊鍙緱銆4銆7.5g 杩欓噷鍙互鐩存帴绠楀嚭 n锛圕uSO4锛=c锛圕uSO4锛*V锛圕uSO4锛=0.03mol m锛CuSO4锛= n锛圕uSO4锛*M锛CuSO4锛=7.5g 5銆1.2g銆0.080mol路L-1 绗竴闂悓涓婏紝灏嗗嚑涓墿鐞嗛噺杩涜杞崲鍗冲彲锛岀浜岄棶锛屽彲浠ラ氳繃n=cV锛岃绠楀嚭姘㈡哀鍖栭挔鐨勭敤閲忥紝鍐嶉氳繃鏂圭▼寮忚绠楀嚭...
绛旓細鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害鈥濓紝鏄滅墿璐ㄧ殑閲忊濋櫎浠モ滀綋绉濓紙灏卞儚鈥滆川閲忔祿搴︹濓紝鍗斥滃瘑搴︹濇槸鈥滆川閲忊濋櫎浠モ滀綋绉濅竴鏍凤級锛屽張鍥犱负鈥滅墿璐ㄧ殑閲忊=鈥滆川閲忊濋櫎浠モ滄懇灏旇川閲忊濓紝鎵浠ユ墠鏈塁=鈥滆川閲忊濋櫎浠モ滄懇灏旇川閲忓拰浣撶Н鐨勪箻绉濄傛瘡涓涓墿鐞嗛噺閮借浠庡畠鐨勭墿鐞嗘剰涔夊嚭鍙戞帹瀵煎叕寮忋n=N/NA=m/M=V/Vm=cV 璋㈣阿锛
绛旓細鍦ㄧ墿鐞嗗涓紝m=cv鏄竴涓噸瑕佺殑鍏紡锛屽叾涓璵琛ㄧず鐗╀綋鐨勮川閲忥紝v琛ㄧず鐗╀綋鐨勯熷害锛宑鍒欎唬琛ㄥ厜閫燂紝涔熷氨鏄299792458绫虫瘡绉掋傝屽叕寮忎腑鐨刢v鍒欎唬琛ㄧ墿浣撶殑鑳介噺銆傚洜姝わ紝m=cv鐨勫惈涔夋槸鐗╀綋鐨勮川閲忎笌閫熷害鎵閫犳垚鐨勮兘閲忋俶=cv杩欎釜鍏紡鐨勫簲鐢ㄩ潪甯稿箍娉涖備妇涓涓緥瀛愶紝鑳介噺瀹堟亽瀹氬緥渚挎槸浠ユ涓哄熀纭銆傚嵆浣垮湪鐩稿璁轰腑锛岃繖涓叕寮...
