铜和什么和氧气在加热条件下生成铜和水 乙醇跟氧气在铜的条件下加热时为什么生成乙醛 而不是生成二氧化...
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1\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\uff1aH₂+CuO=Cu+H₂O\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u70ed\uff09\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94
2\u3001\u9178\uff1aCuO+2H⁺=Cu²⁺+H₂O\uff08CuO+2HCl=CuCl₂+H₂O\uff0cCuO+2HNO₃=Cu(NO₃)₂+H₂O\uff0cCuO+H₂SO₄=CuSO₄+H₂O\uff09\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94
3\u3001\u6c28\u6c14\uff1a3CuO+2NH₃=3Cu+N₂+3H₂O\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u70ed\uff09\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
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Cu\u662f\u50ac\u5316\u5242 \u4e59\u9187\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a 1)C2H5OH------>CH3CHO+H2(\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u70ed)\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u3002 2)2Cu+O2=2CuO(\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u70ed) CuO+H2=Cu+H2O(\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u70ed,\u73b0\u8c61:\u9ed1\u8272CuO\u53d8\u7ea2) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002 \u5c061)\u30012)\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e59\u9187\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u603b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2C2H5OH+O2------->2CH3CHO+2H2O(\u6761\u4ef6\uff1aCu\u50ac\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u70ed) \u5176\u4e2dCu\u6d88\u8017\u4e861)\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684H2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u603b\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006(\u5f53\u8fde\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u53cd\u5e94\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006)\u6240\u4ee5\u4e59\u9187\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
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反应方程式: CuO+H2=△=Cu+H2O
绛旓細閾滃拰姘у姞鐑敓鎴姘у寲閾(CuO),姘ф皵涓嶈冻鐢熸垚Cu2O.姘у寲閾1000鈩冧笅鍔犵儹鐢熸垚姘у寲浜氶摐(Cu2O),濡傛灉鏈夋按鍜屼簩姘у寲纰,姘,灏变細鐢熸垚纰卞紡纰抽吀閾滐紙閾滈攬鍙堝彨閾滅豢,鍖栧寮忎负Cu2(OH)2CO3)纰卞紡纰抽吀閾滃彈鐑鏄撳垎瑙ｆ垚姘у寲閾,浜屾哀鍖栫⒊,鍜屾按.
绛旓細閾滃拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鏉′欢鍔犵儹鍜岄珮娓╅兘鏄彲浠ョ殑锛屼笉杩囨潯浠朵笉鍚岋紝寰楀埌鐨勫弽搴斾骇鐗╀篃涓嶅悓銆2Cu+O2=螖=2CuO锛4Cu+O2=楂樻俯=2Cu2O 閾滄槸涓绉嶈繃娓″厓绱狅紝鍖栧绗﹀彿Cu锛岃嫳鏂嘽opper锛屽師瀛愬簭鏁29銆傜函閾滄槸鏌旇蒋鐨勯噾灞烇紝琛ㄩ潰鍒氬垏寮鏃朵负绾㈡鑹插甫閲戝睘鍏夋辰锛屽崟璐ㄥ憟绱孩鑹层傚欢灞曟уソ锛屽鐑у拰瀵肩數鎬ч珮锛屽洜姝ゅ湪鐢电紗鍜岀數姘斻佺數瀛...
绛旓細缁撹鏄細闀佸拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚姘у寲闀併閾滀笌姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鐨勫疄楠岀幇璞℃槸锛氱孩鑹查粦鍙樻垚浜嗛粦鑹茬矇鏈哀鍖栭摐锛涳紙濡傛灉鏄摐涓濈噧鐑э級閾滀笣鐕冪儳璧锋潵锛屾斁鍑虹儹閲忥紝鐢熸垚榛戣壊鍥轰綋銆傚寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡锛2Cu + O2 =鍔犵儹= 2CuO锛涚粨璁烘槸锛閾滃拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚姘у寲閾溿傞摑鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳瀹為獙鐜拌薄鏄細鐏槦鍥涙簠锛岀敓鎴愪竴绉嶇櫧鑹插浐浣擄紱锛堝鏋滄槸...
绛旓細鏀剧儹鍙嶅簲鏀剧儹杩囩▼銆2Cu(s)+O2(g)=2CuO(s)Cu鍗曡川鍜屾哀姘O2鐨勬爣鍑鐢熸垚鐑兘0锛屾哀鍖閾CuO鐨勬爣鍑嗙敓鎴愮儹鏄156.8kJ/mol锛屽弽鏄犵殑鏍囧噯鐒撳彉=2*156.8-(2*0+0)=313.6kJ锛屾晠鍙嶅簲涓烘斁鐑弽搴斻傜儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓涓嬶細2Cu(s)+O2(g)=2CuO(s)+313.6kJ ...
绛旓細鍦姘ф皵涓鍔犵儹 2Cu+O2==鍔犵儹==2CuO 纰卞紡纰抽吀閾滀篃灏辨槸閾滈攬鏄悓鏆撮湶鍦ㄦ疆婀跨殑绌烘皵涓笌Co2.H2O.02鍙嶅簲鐨勭粨鏋 2Cu+O2+CO2+H2O=Cu2锛圤H锛2CO3 甯屾湜瀵逛綘鏈夊府鍔
绛旓細鎹垜浜嗚В锛岄摐娌℃湁鐕冪偣锛屾垜鏌ヤ簡璁稿璧勬枡涔熸病鏈夊畠鐨勭噧鐐癸紝灏辩畻鏄湁锛屼篃涓瀹氭槸鍦ㄦ瀬闄愭哀鎸囨暟鍜屾俯搴﹂兘寰堥珮鐨勬儏鍐靛厛鎵嶈兘杩涜锛屾墍浠ワ紝閾滃拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鐨鏉′欢鏄鍔犵儹锛岃岃〃闈鐢熸垚鐨勯粦鑹茬墿璐ㄦ槸姘у寲閾滐紙CuO锛夊寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡锛2Cu + O2== 鍔犵儹===2CuO銆傛哀鍖栭摐锛堢伡鐑級鍙互鍜屾阿姘旓紙H2锛夈佺⒊锛圕锛夈佷竴姘у寲纰筹紙CO锛夌瓑...
绛旓細鍥炵瓟锛欳H3CH2O鍜屾按
绛旓細閾滃湪鍔犵儹鐨鏉′欢涓鑳涓庢哀姘鍙嶅簲锛屽浐浣撶敱榛戣壊鍙樹负绾㈣壊 瀵瑰悧锛烪2 + CuO= 鈻= Cu + H2OCO+ CuO =鍔犵儹 = Cu + CO2C+ 2CuO = 楂樻俯= 2Cu + CO2鈫戠幇璞:榛戣壊绮夋湭鍙樻垚绾㈣壊
绛旓細瑙ｏ細锛1锛変箼閱囧拰閾滀笉鍙嶅簲锛屽拰姘у寲閾滃弽搴旓紝鎵浠ヨ鍏堝埗鍙栨哀鍖栭摐锛閾滃拰姘ф皵鍦ㄥ姞鐑潯浠朵笅鎵嶅弽搴旂敓鎴愭哀鍖栭摐锛岃嫢鍏堝姞鐑埗鍙栨哀姘旓紝涓嶅姞鐑椂锛岄摐鍜屾哀姘斾笉鍙嶅簲锛岄犳垚璧勬簮娴垂锛屾墍浠ュ厛鍔犵儹閾锛屽悗鍔犵儹楂橀敯閰搁捑鍒跺彇姘ф皵锛閾滅敓鎴姘у寲閾滃悗锛屽啀鍔犵儹A瑁呯疆鍒跺彇涔欓唶钂告苯锛屼箼閱囧拰姘у寲閾滃弽搴旓紱鏈鍚庡姞鐑璅瑁呯疆锛屼娇涔欓啗鍜屾柊鍒剁殑...
绛旓細閾滃拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲锛岄摐琛ㄩ潰鐢辩传绾㈣壊鍙樻垚榛戣壊锛屽叿浣撳涓嬶細閾滃拰姘ф皵鍙嶅簲鏉′欢鍔犵儹鍜岄珮娓╅兘鏄彲浠ョ殑锛屼笉杩囨潯浠朵笉鍚岋紝寰楀埌鐨勫弽搴斾骇鐗╀篃涓嶅悓銆傚垎鍒负锛2Cu+O₂=螖=2CuO锛4Cu+O₂=楂樻俯=2Cu₂O銆傞摐鏄竴绉嶈繃娓″厓绱狅紝鍖栧绗﹀彿Cu锛岃嫳鏂嘽opper锛屽師瀛愬簭鏁29銆傜函閾滄槸鏌旇蒋鐨勯噾灞烇紝琛ㄩ潰鍒氬垏寮鏃朵负绾...
