日本中有多少种时态;部屋に だれが いますか中的だれが 是不是一种时态
\u82f1\u8bed\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u6001\u5206\u4e3a16\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u56db\u8005\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u3001\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u516b\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u65f6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u516b\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002
\u4e00\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u3001\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u53ca\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1a always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month\u2026), once a week, on Sundays,
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u52a8\u8bcd \u539f\u5f62 \uff08\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0a\u8981\u6539\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1aam/is/are+not;\u6b64\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u82e5\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u5176\u524d\u52a0don't,\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528doesn't\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628abe\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1b\u7528\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528does\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
\u4e8c\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month\u2026), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1abe\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd \u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1awas/were+not;\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u524d\u52a0didn't\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1b\u7528\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0fdid \u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aShe often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
\u4e09\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u6216\u8bf4\u8bdd\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1anow, at this time, these days, etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1aam/is/are+doing
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1aam/is/are+not+doing.
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628abe\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
\u56db\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aat this time yesterday, at that time\u6216\u4ee5when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u3002
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1awas/were+doing
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1awas/were + not + doing.
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAt that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
\u4e94\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1arecently, lately, since\u2026for\u2026,in the past few years, etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ahave/has + done
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ahave/has + not +done.
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1ahave\u6216has\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI've written an article.
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
\u516d\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u4ee5\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4ee5\u524d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1abefore, by the end of last year(term, month\u2026),etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ahad + done.
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ahad + not + done.
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1ahad\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAs soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
\u4e03\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u6253\u7b97\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u6216\u51c6\u5907\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1atomorrow, next day(week, month, year\u2026),soon, in a few minutes, by\u2026,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1aam/is/are/going to + do\uff1bwill/shall + do.
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1awas/were + not; \u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u524d\u52a0didn't\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1abe\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1bwill/shall\u63d0\u5230\u53e5\u9996\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThey are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
\u516b\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u770b\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1athe next day(morning, year\u2026),the following month(week\u2026),etc.
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1awas/were/going to + do\uff1bwould/should + do.
4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1awas/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1bwould/should \u63d0\u5230\u53e5\u9996\u3002
6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said he would go to Beijing the next day.
I asked who was going there .
\u4e5d.\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1a
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e4b\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001
2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aby the time of;by the end of+\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u8bed\uff08\u5c06\u6765\uff09;by the time+\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u5c06\u6765\uff09
3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1abe going to/will/shall + have done
\u5341.\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6:
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e4b\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4e3a\u6b62
2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ahave/has +been+doing
\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362
\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a
\u5341\u4e00\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362
\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u80fd\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u522b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u2460\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4 + ago\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u4e2d\uff1b\u2461\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ef\u6539\u6210\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ca\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u7528\uff1b\u2462\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u4e8e\u201cIt is + \u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4 + since + \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u81ea\u4ece\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u6765\u6709\u2026\u2026\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e00\u822c\u7528it is\u6765\u4ee3\u66ffIt has been;\u2463\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u4e8e\u201cSome time has passed since + \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u4e2d\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\uff1a
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
\u5341\u4e8c\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362
\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u4e2d\uff0cat\u52a0\u4e0a\u540d\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5904\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u201d\uff0c\u5982at work\uff08\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09, at school\uff08\u4e0a\u5b66\u3001\u4e0a\u8bfe\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u77ed\u8bed\u53ef\u4e0e\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\uff1a
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
\u5341\u4e09\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362
\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u6001\u4e2dgo, come, leave, start, arrive\u7b49\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e38\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\uff1aI am coming, Mum! \u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u5c31\u6765\uff0c\u5988\u5988\uff01\u201d\u8bf7\u770b\uff1a
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
\u5341\u516d\u79cd\u65f6\u6001
\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff1b
\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff1b
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1b
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0e
1,过去时:动词连用型＋た/ました
例如:私はご饭を食べました。我吃过饭了.
2,现在进行时:动词连用型＋ている/ています
例如:私はご饭を食べています。我正在吃饭.
3,将来时:动词原形/动词连用型＋ます
例如:私はご饭を食べます。我将要吃饭.
部屋に だれが いますか中的だれが是"谁(だれ）＋が ".
谁(だれ）在日语中就是"谁"的意思,是疑问词.
が是日语中的助词,有很多种用法,在这里它和"は"一样,表示"是"的意思.但是在这个句子中,が不能换成は,因为日语文法中有一条规则是:当主语是疑问词(如:だれ、どれ、どんな、どこ等等表疑问语气的词)的时候,后面必须接が不能接は.例如:谁が 北京へ いきましたか。谁去过北京?/すみません、どちらが 李さんですか。对不起,请问哪位是李先生?
部屋に だれが いますか.这里的います不是表示现在进行时态的 います,而是表示"某人在某地"的意思.表示存在的句形有两种:
1,某人 は/が 某地にいる/います。某人在某地.
某物 は/が 某地にある/あります。某物在某地.
2,某地に 某人 は/が いる/います.在某地有某人.
某地に 某物 は/が ある/あります.在某地有某物.
"部屋に だれが いますか."这个句子使用的是"某地に 某人 は/が いる/います.在某地有某人."的句型,所以它的意思是"房间里有谁?"
有现在、过去、现在进行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成6种时态。当疑问代词作主语是一定要用が。
这个一个句式
……に……が いる（ある） 就是 谁在什么地方或者什么地方有什么。
だれは谁です。
だれ是“谁”的意思，不是一种时态。部屋に だれが いますか是问谁在房间里？
日语中的时态一般是用谓语的变化表示.
比如动词作谓语时,昼ご饭を食べています。昼ご饭を食べました。
第一种是指正在进行时,第二种是指过去时.
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