两个有机化学问题~！~概念，简单！~
\u7591\u60d1\uff1a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u3002CnH2n+2\u5c31\u662f\u9971\u548c\u70f7\u70c3\uff0c\u4e14\u90fd\u662f\u70f7\u70c3\u3002\u9971\u548c\u70c3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u70f7\u70c3\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982CnH2n+1cl\u3002\u53d6\u4ee3\u7269\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u70f7\u70c3\u3002
\u5316\u5b66\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0a\u76f8\u5dee1\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e92\u79f0\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u3002\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\uff08\u5f15\u7528\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e8c\u671f\u8bfe\u6539\u8bfe\u672c-\u5316\u5b66\uff08\u62d3\u5c55\u578b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u8bd5\u9a8c\u672c\u30012008\u5e748\u6708\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\uff09\u201d
\u65e7\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u65e7\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4e66\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\u5316\u5b66\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u3001\u901a\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0a\u76f8\u5dee1\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2aCH2\u539f\u5b50\u56e2(\u7cfb\u5dee)\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u3002
\u70f7\u70c3\u4e2d\u7684\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u4e59\u70f7\u3001\u4e01\u70f7\u7b49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u5deen\u4e2aCH2\uff0c\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u3002
\u53c8\u6bd4\u5982\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\uff09CH2O\u3001C2H4O2\u3001C3H6O3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u5deen\u4e2aCH2O\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269
\u4f8b\u5982\u7532\u70f7(CH4)\u3001\u4e59\u70f7(C2H6)\u3001\u4e19\u70f7(C3H8)\u3001\u4e01\u70f7(C4H10)\u7b49\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u901a\u5f0fCnH2n+2\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7532\u70f7\u4e0e\u6b63\u4e01\u70f7\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269,\u7532\u70f7\u4e0e\u5f02\u4e01\u70f7\u4e5f\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u3002
\u7532\u9187CH3OH\u3001\u4e59\u9187CH3-CH2OH\u3001\u4e19\u9187CH3-CH2-CH2OH\u7b49\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u901a\u5f0fCn+H2n+1OH\u6216ROH\u8868\u793a\u3002
\u4e59\u70ef\u3001\u4e19\u70ef\u3001\u4e01\u70ef\u7b49\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u7cfb\u7269,\u53ef\u7528\u901a\u5f0fCnH2n
\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7269
\u4e00\u7c7b\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u968f\u7740\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4f5c\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u9012\u53d8\u3002
\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u7194\u6cb8\u70b9\u8d8a\u5927;
\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u540c,\u4f46\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2,\u6240\u4ee5\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u4f3c
\u70f7\u70c3.\u70ef\u70c3.\u7094\u70c3\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u4f3c
\u540c\u7cfb\u7269 \u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u4e00\u5dee\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u76f8\u5dee\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u7b49\u5dee\u6570\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5dee\u3002\u4e3a\u4e24 \u2461\u4e8c\u540c\uff1a\u540c\u901a\u5f0f\u3001\u540c\u7ed3\u6784
1
\u548cNaOH\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6709\uff1a\u7fa7\u57fa\u3001\u916f\u57fa\u548c\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u30021mol\u7fa7\u57fa\u3001\u916f\u57fa\u548c\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u5206\u522b\u6d88\u80171mol NaOH\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u916f\u6c34\u89e3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u5219\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\u6d88\u80171mol NaOH\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u4fdd\u9669\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u916f\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u5148\u7528\u6c34\u5c06\u916f\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u591a\u7b97\u548c\u7f9f\u57fa\u3002\u518d\u770b\u770b\u7f9f\u57fa\u662f\u9187\u7f9f\u57fa\u8fd8\u662f\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u6d88\u80172mol NaOH\uff08\u7fa7\u57fa\u548c\u915a\u7f9f\u57fa\u54041mol NaOH\uff09\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9187\u7f9f\u57fa\u5219\u53ea\u6d88\u80171mol NaOH
\u548cH2\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6709\uff1a\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\uff0c\u78b3\u78b3\u53c1\u952e\uff0c\u919b\u57fa\u3002\u7279\u522b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u916f\u57fa\u548c\u7fa7\u57fa\u4e2d\u7684C=O\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a0\u6210\u7684\uff08\u4e2d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u52a0\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u82ef\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u03c0\u952e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a0\u6210\u3002\u6240\u4ee5H2\u52a0\u6210\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf = \u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u6570 + \u78b3\u78b3\u53c1\u952e\u6570*2 + \u919b\u57fa\u6570\u3002
2
\u6709\u673a\u63a8\u65ad\u9898\u9003\u4e0d\u5f00 \u70c3-->\u5364\u4ee3\u70c3-->\u9187-->\u919b-->\u9178-->\u916f \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u52a0\u70ed\u7684\uff0c\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5c31\u662f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9187\u7684\u6d88\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u5927\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u5feb\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u3002
\u6709\u673a\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u5199\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u673a\u63a8\u65ad\u9898\u4e2d\u5927\u534a\u7684\u5206\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u4e9b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u673a\u53cd\u5e94\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7b49\u53f7=\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u7bad\u5934-->\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6807\u660e\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u6613\u9519\u70b9\u3002
是乙烯大于乙炔，这个和不饱和度倒没那么大关系，是因为碳碳三键的键能大于碳碳双键，所以相对而言炔不容易打开，反应就慢了
粉红色晶体 对苯醌
结构式是http://www.chemyq.com/matimg/995.gif
使溴水褪色速度是乙烯>乙炔
乙炔三条键 而乙炔两条
乙炔的三条键中有两条和乙烯是一样的
那么断这两条键的能量一样吧
但是乙炔比乙烯还多一条键
那断这条键还需要能量吧
所以碳碳三键的键能大于碳碳双键的
乙烯就比乙炔使溴水褪色速度快了
强人啊佩服
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绛旓細鏁存暟锛夛紝灏辨湁鑺抽鎬(褰 n>7 鏃讹紝鏈変緥澶栵級銆傛垨鑰呰鍗曠幆銆佸钩闈侀棴鍚堝厐浣撶郴銆佸叿鏈4n+2涓涓岀數瀛愮殑鍖栧悎鐗╁叿鏈夎姵棣欐 銆傚叾涓璶鐩稿綋浜庣畝骞剁殑鎴愰敭杞ㄩ亾鍜岄潪閿建閬撶殑缁勬暟.鑻湁鍏釜蟺鐢靛瓙锛岀鍚4n+2瑙勫垯锛屽叚涓⒊鍘熷瓙鍦ㄥ悓涓骞抽潰鍐咃紝鏁呰嫰鏈夎姵棣欐с傝岀幆涓佷簩鐑紝鐜緵鍥涚儻鐨勏鐢靛瓙鏁颁笉绗﹀悎4n+2瑙勫垯锛屾晠鏃...
绛旓細mco2=1.32+1.76=3.08 nco2=0.07mol H锛欳=28锛7=4锛1锛堟阿鍘熷瓙涓庣⒊鍘熷瓙涓暟姣旓級鎵浠 鏈绠寮忓簲涓篊H4 (3)鏍规嵁閫氬紡 CnH2n+2 n锛2n+2=1锛4 鍒檔鍙兘绛変簬1 2. 鐢熸垚CO2鍜屾按钂告皵鍦ㄧ浉鍚屾潯浠朵笅浣撶Н姣旀槸1:1 鎵浠 nCO2:nH2O=1:1 鏈夋満鐗╃殑寮忛噺搴斾负74 n鏈夋満鐗=7.4/74=0.1...
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绛旓細鐢茬兎鏄剛鑲棌锛岃剛鐜儍鍜岃剛鑲棌绠椾笉涓婂悓涓绫伙紝搴旇璇磋剛鐜儍灞炰簬鑴傝偑鏃忋傝剛鐜儍鏄寚鍚幆锛堥潪鑺抽鐜級鐨勮剛鑲儍銆
绛旓細姣斿涔欑兎鐨勪竴姘唬鐗╁氨鏄疌H3CH2Cl 锛屼篃鍙互鍐欒繖鏍稢lCH2CH3 ,杩欐牱浣犲氨浼氬彂鐜帮紝杩欐牱涔﹀啓铏界劧涓嶅悓锛屼絾鏄竴姘唬鐗╁氨鏄彧鏈変竴绉嶃傛病鏈夌浜绉嶄簡锛岄偅鏄洜涓篊H3CH3 6涓狧閮芥槸涓鏍风殑銆鏈夋満鐗╃殑涔﹀啓鍢涳紝浣犲幓鐪嬬湅浠栫殑鍛藉悕瑙勫垯灏辨噦涓浜涗簡銆傜劧鍚庢參鎱㈠珐鍥恒.鏌愮兎鐑冪殑鍒嗗瓙閲忔槸72 鐑风儍鐨勯氬紡CnH2n+2锛 鍒嗗瓙閲...
绛旓細鍏跺疄浣犲彧瑕佽浣忎袱鍙ヨ瘽灏卞浜 鍚屼竴涓猚涓婇潰寰桯鍘熷瓙绛夋晥 鍚屼竴涓猚涓婇潰鐨勭敳鍩虹瓑鏁 妤间富鏄硹楸煎櫌
