什么叫介词?又如何用呢? 介词是什么意思? 在什么情况下应该怎么用?

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\u4ecb\u8bcd:

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1.\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a

at\uff0con\uff0cbehind\uff0cduring\uff0cfrom\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002

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considering\uff0cconcerning\uff0c regarding\u7b49\u7b49\u3002

2.\u5408\u6210\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a

into\uff0c onto\uff0c inside\uff0c outside\uff0c without\uff0c throughout\u7b49\u7b49\u3002

3.\u590d\u5408\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5355\u8bcd\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a

according to\uff0cbecause of\uff0cahead of\uff0cin front of\uff0con account of\u7b49\u7b49\u3002

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\u526f\u8bcd:

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\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\u6709\uff1anow, ago, before, today, tomorrow, always, often, sometimes, already, late, soon, here, there, easily,comfortably, hardly, happily,sadly \u7b49\u7b49\u3002

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介词
英语语法-介词

介词的定义和特征

介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作主语, 状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。例如:

Most of the students went to the classroom.

大部分学生去了教室。

We play basketball on the sports ground.

我们在操场上打蓝球。

介词常与动词,形容词,名词一起构成固定搭配。

belong to 属于 rely on 依靠

talk to 同...谈话 be afraid of 害怕

be strict with对...严格

介词一般放在名词之前。但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词,疑问副词或者关系代词时,这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。

Where do you come from?

你是哪儿人?

Who are you talking to?

你在跟谁谈话呢?

What do you study for?

你为了什么而学习?

介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:

about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.

I have bought a book about Shakespearean.

我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。

There are about fifteen trees in the picture.

图片里大约有十五棵树。

above 在....上,高出,以上,超过,在...上游.

The plane is flying above the clouds.

飞机在云上飞行。

I think the man is above sixty years old.

我想那人有六十多岁了。

across 横过,对面,交叉,在...的对面.

Can you swim across the river?

你能游过河吗?

We live across the street.

我们住在街的对面。

after 在...后面,依照.

He went home after school.

他放学后就回家了。

Read after me, please.

请跟我朗读。

against 撞到,靠着,反对,违背,

The car hit against the tree.

汽车撞了树。

He is standing against the wall.

他靠墙站着。

along 沿着,顺着.

They are walking along the river.

他们沿着河行走。

among 在...当中.

He is the tallest among them.

他是他们当中个子最高的。

around 在...的周围,在...那一边.

They sat around the table talking the news.

他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。

There is a drugstore around the corner.

拐角处有一家药店。

as 作为.

He doesn't like people treat him as a child.

他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。

at 在...时刻,在...点钟,在...岁时, 向,在...之中,按...速度,值(卖)...钱,

He always gets up at six in the morning.

他时常早上六点钟起床。

He shot at the bird but missed it.

他向鸟射击,但是没射中。

The car goes at eighty miles an hour.

汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。

before 在...的前面(位置),在...之前(时间)

He took a picture before the car.

他在汽车前照了张照片。

He can't finish his work before supper.

晚饭前他完不成工作。

behind 在...的后面(位置), 落后于,不如,

迟于,晚于(时间)

Are there any brooms behind the door.

门后有扫帚吗?

All of us are behind him in mathematics.

我们数学都不如他。

below 在...之下,低于,

There are four lights below the ceiling.

天花板下面有四盏灯。

The murderer run away below the police's eyes.

杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了。

beside 在...的旁边,在...之外,与...相比.

He found the body by the river.

他在河边发现了尸体。

Beside yours, my computer is too slow.

与你的计算机速度相比,我的就慢多了。

besides 除...之外,

We are all here besides Bowe.

除鲍外,我们也都来了。

between 在...两者之间,

The relations between the two countries has improved since then.

两国的关系从那以后得到了改善。

beyond 在...那边,

The shop you are looking for is beyond the street, you can't miss it.

你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的。

but 除去.

He has nothing but money.

他除钱以外什么都没有。

by 被..., 在...的近旁 , 在...之前, 不迟于, 以...为手段。

The classroom was cleaned by the students.

教室由学生们打扫干净了。

Miss Lucy came to China by air.

露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。

down 沿着...望下。

She walked down the street.

她沿着街道走。

during 在...期间,在...时候。

During the holiday, we went to the south.

我们假期去了南方。

except 除...之外。

He knows nothing except English.

他除英语以外什么都不知道。

for 为..., 因为..., 至于... 。

He works for this company.

他为这家公司工作。

She came back to the classroom for she had left her books in the classroom.

她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。

from 从..., 来自..., 因为...。

Where are you from?

你是哪里人?

He died from an accident.

他死于一场事故。

in 在..., 在...之内,从事于..., 按照..., 穿着...。

He was born in 1992.

他生于1992年。

I could finish the program in two weeks.

我可以用两周时间完成这个项目。

He spend less time in reading.

他读书时间很少。

The man in black jacket is our teacher.

穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师。

like 象...,如同...。

The twins are like their father.

双胞胎象他们的父亲。

near 靠近....。

There are some flowers near the house.

房子附近有一些花。

of ...的,属于...。

This is a map of China.

这是一张中国地图。

off 离开...,在...之外。

The young man got off the train quickly.

那个年青人很快下了火车。

I live in a village a little way off the main road.

我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里。

on 在...之上。

My book is on the table.

我的书在桌子上。

out of 从...出来,在...之外。

The dog run out of the house.

狗从房子里跑出来。

outside ... 外边.

They are waiting outside the gate.

他们在门外等着。

over 在...之上,遍于...之上,越过...。

There is a light over the desk.

桌子上方有盏灯。

He is over sixty years old.

他有六十多岁。

past 越过...,过...,超越...。

The students walked past the post office.

学生们走过了邮局。

It is ten past two.

现在是两点十分。

round 围着...,绕过...,在...周围。

We sat round the table.

我们围着桌子坐下。

The earth goes round the sun.

地球绕着太阳转。

since 自... 以后,自...以来。

He has made great progress in English since he came into the college.

从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步。

through 经过...,穿过...。

They went through the forest.

他们穿过了森林。

throughout 遍及...,在各处。

The police searched for the criminal throughout the mountain.

警察搜山寻找犯人。

till 直到...,在...以前。

He didn't come back till eleven o'clock.

他直到十一点钟才回来。

We'll be home till six.

六点以前我们都会在家。

to 到...,向...,趋于。

How long is it from here to the station?

从这儿到车站有多远?

under 在...之下,低于。

There are some footballs under the bed.

床底下有几颗足球。

These students are under seventeen years old.

这些学生们不到十七岁。

until 直到,在...以前,

Please wait for us until we come back.

请等着我们回来。

It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper.

直到上周,我才交了数学论文。

up 在...上面,在...上。

He went up the stairs.

他上了楼梯。

upon 在...之上,迫近...。

It's not polite to look down upon him.

蔑视他是不礼貌的。

within 在...之内。

You must finish the work within two weeks.

你必须两周内完成这项工作。

without 没有,不,在...之外。

We can't do it better without your help.

没有你的帮助,我们就做不好。

We couldn't live without air and water.

没有空气和水,我们就不可能生存。

用在名词、代词或名词性词组前边,合起来表示方向、对象等的词。如:从、往、在、当、把、对、同、为、以、比、跟、被等

上午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in。

有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in。
特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。

日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,

收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定时日和"一……就",on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用in。

at山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。
就……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to man。

this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。

over、under正上下,above、below则不然,
若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。'
beyond超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反。
besides,except分内外,among之内along沿。
同类比较except,加for异类记心间。

原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词
under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分。

before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成时,ago过去极有限。
since以来during间,since时态多变换。
与之相比beside,除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。
ing型由于鉴,除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在......方面,有关介词须记全。
in内to外表位置,山、水、国界to在前。

英语沙龙论坛地址:http://bbs.salonshow.com

英语语法-介词

介词的定义和特征

介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作主语, 状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。例如:

Most of the students went to the classroom.

大部分学生去了教室。

We play basketball on the sports ground.

我们在操场上打蓝球。

介词常与动词,形容词,名词一起构成固定搭配。

belong to 属于 rely on 依靠

talk to 同...谈话 be afraid of 害怕

be strict with对...严格

介词一般放在名词之前。但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词,疑问副词或者关系代词时,这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。

Where do you come from?

你是哪儿人?

Who are you talking to?

你在跟谁谈话呢?

What do you study for?

你为了什么而学习?

介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:

about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.

I have bought a book about Shakespearean.

我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。

There are about fifteen trees in the picture.

图片里大约有十五棵树。

above 在....上,高出,以上,超过,在...上游.

The plane is flying above the clouds.

飞机在云上飞行。

I think the man is above sixty years old.

我想那人有六十多岁了。

across 横过,对面,交叉,在...的对面.

Can you swim across the river?

你能游过河吗?

We live across the street.

我们住在街的对面。

after 在...后面,依照.

He went home after school.

他放学后就回家了。

Read after me, please.

请跟我朗读。

against 撞到,靠着,反对,违背,

The car hit against the tree.

汽车撞了树。

He is standing against the wall.

他靠墙站着。

along 沿着,顺着.

They are walking along the river.

他们沿着河行走。

among 在...当中.

He is the tallest among them.

他是他们当中个子最高的。

around 在...的周围,在...那一边.

They sat around the table talking the news.

他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。

There is a drugstore around the corner.

拐角处有一家药店。

as 作为.

He doesn't like people treat him as a child.

他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。

at 在...时刻,在...点钟,在...岁时, 向,在...之中,按...速度,值(卖)...钱,

He always gets up at six in the morning.

他时常早上六点钟起床。

He shot at the bird but missed it.

他向鸟射击,但是没射中。

The car goes at eighty miles an hour.

汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。

before 在...的前面(位置),在...之前(时间)

He took a picture before the car.

他在汽车前照了张照片。

He can't finish his work before supper.

晚饭前他完不成工作。

behind 在...的后面(位置), 落后于,不如,

迟于,晚于(时间)

Are there any brooms behind the door.

门后有扫帚吗?

All of us are behind him in mathematics.

我们数学都不如他。

below 在...之下,低于,

There are four lights below the ceiling.

天花板下面有四盏灯。

The murderer run away below the police's eyes.

杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了。

beside 在...的旁边,在...之外,与...相比.

He found the body by the river.

他在河边发现了尸体。

Beside yours, my computer is too slow.

与你的计算机速度相比,我的就慢多了。

besides 除...之外,

We are all here besides Bowe.

除鲍外,我们也都来了。

between 在...两者之间,

The relations between the two countries has improved since then.

两国的关系从那以后得到了改善。

beyond 在...那边,

The shop you are looking for is beyond the street, you can't miss it.

你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的。

but 除去.

He has nothing but money.

他除钱以外什么都没有。

by 被..., 在...的近旁 , 在...之前, 不迟于, 以...为手段。

The classroom was cleaned by the students.

教室由学生们打扫干净了。

Miss Lucy came to China by air.

露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。

down 沿着...望下。

She walked down the street.

她沿着街道走。

during 在...期间,在...时候。

During the holiday, we went to the south.

我们假期去了南方。

except 除...之外。

He knows nothing except English.

他除英语以外什么都不知道。

for 为..., 因为..., 至于... 。

He works for this company.

他为这家公司工作。

She came back to the classroom for she had left her books in the classroom.

她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。

from 从..., 来自..., 因为...。

Where are you from?

你是哪里人?

He died from an accident.

他死于一场事故。

in 在..., 在...之内,从事于..., 按照..., 穿着...。

He was born in 1992.

他生于1992年。

I could finish the program in two weeks.

我可以用两周时间完成这个项目。

He spend less time in reading.

他读书时间很少。

The man in black jacket is our teacher.

穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师。

like 象...,如同...。

The twins are like their father.

双胞胎象他们的父亲。

near 靠近....。

There are some flowers near the house.

房子附近有一些花。

of ...的,属于...。

This is a map of China.

这是一张中国地图。

off 离开...,在...之外。

The young man got off the train quickly.

那个年青人很快下了火车。

I live in a village a little way off the main road.

我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里。

on 在...之上。

My book is on the table.

我的书在桌子上。

out of 从...出来,在...之外。

The dog run out of the house.

狗从房子里跑出来。

outside ... 外边.

They are waiting outside the gate.

他们在门外等着。

over 在...之上,遍于...之上,越过...。

There is a light over the desk.

桌子上方有盏灯。

He is over sixty years old.

他有六十多岁。

past 越过...,过...,超越...。

The students walked past the post office.

学生们走过了邮局。

It is ten past two.

现在是两点十分。

round 围着...,绕过...,在...周围。

We sat round the table.

我们围着桌子坐下。

The earth goes round the sun.

地球绕着太阳转。

since 自... 以后,自...以来。

He has made great progress in English since he came into the college.

从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步。

through 经过...,穿过...。

They went through the forest.

他们穿过了森林。

throughout 遍及...,在各处。

The police searched for the criminal throughout the mountain.

警察搜山寻找犯人。

till 直到...,在...以前。

He didn't come back till eleven o'clock.

他直到十一点钟才回来。

We'll be home till six.

六点以前我们都会在家。

to 到...,向...,趋于。

How long is it from here to the station?

从这儿到车站有多远?

under 在...之下,低于。

There are some footballs under the bed.

床底下有几颗足球。

These students are under seventeen years old.

这些学生们不到十七岁。

until 直到,在...以前,

Please wait for us until we come back.

请等着我们回来。

It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper.

直到上周,我才交了数学论文。

up 在...上面,在...上。

He went up the stairs.

他上了楼梯。

upon 在...之上,迫近...。

It's not polite to look down upon him.

蔑视他是不礼貌的。

within 在...之内。

You must finish the work within two weeks.

你必须两周内完成这项工作。

without 没有,不,在...之外。

We can't do it better without your help.

没有你的帮助,我们就做不好。

We couldn't live without air and water.

没有空气和水,我们就不可能生存。

  • 鍦ㄨ嫳璇腑,浠涔堟槸浠嬭瘝?鏈変粈涔堜綔鐢?鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欑敤?
    绛旓細浠嬭瘝涓嶄粎鍏锋湁閲嶈鐨勮〃杈炬剰涔夌殑鍔熻兘锛岃屼笖鍦浣跨敤涓婁篃鍗佸垎澶嶆潅銆傞犳垚杩欑澶嶆潅鐜拌薄鐨勫師鍥鏄澶氭柟闈㈢殑銆傞鍏堬紝鍗曚釜浠嬭瘝锛堝嵆鐢变竴涓瘝璇瀯鎴愮殑浠嬭瘝锛屼笌姝ょ浉瀵圭殑鏄鍚堜粙璇嶏紝姣斿upon锛宨nto锛寃ithin锛寃ithout绛夛級鏈韩鐨勬剰涔夊叿鏈夌浉褰撶殑澶嶆潅鎬э紝浠n鍜宱n涓轰緥锛宨n鐨勫熀鏈剰涔夋槸"鍦ㄩ噷闈"锛岃〃绀轰竴绉嶈寖鍥达紝on鐨勫熀鏈剰涔夋槸...
  • 浠嬭瘝鏈浠涔堢敤?
    绛旓細浠涔堟槸浠嬭瘝鑻辫 浠嬭瘝鏄竴绉嶈櫄璇嶏紝涓嶈兘鍗曠嫭浣滀负鍙ュ瓙鎴愬垎锛岄氬父鐢ㄥ湪鍚嶈瘝鎴栦唬璇嶄箣鍓嶃傚父鐢ㄧ殑鑻辫浠嬭瘝鏈夛細in锛宱n锛寃ith锛宐y锛宖or锛宎t锛宎bout锛寀nder锛宱f绛夈傝〃绀哄湪鏌愭椂闂存椂锛屽父鐢╝t锛宱n锛宨n绛変粙璇嶃俛t鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鍦ㄦ煇涓娈垫椂鍒伙紝濡俛t six锛氬湪6鐐归挓銆俹n鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鍦ㄦ槦鏈熷嚑鎴栨槸鏌愭棩锛屽锛歰n Monday锛氬湪鏄熸湡涓銆
  • 鍦ㄨ嫳璇腑,浠嬭瘝鍦ㄥ彞瀛愪腑璧浠涔浣滅敤?鍚勪釜浠嬭瘝鎬庢牱鐢?
    绛旓細浠嬭瘝鏄涓绉嶇敤鏉ヨ〃绀鸿瘝涓庤瘝銆佽瘝涓庡彞涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯荤殑铏氳瘝锛屽湪鍙ヤ腑涓嶈兘鍗曠嫭浣滃彞瀛愭垚鍒嗐備粙璇嶅悗闈竴鑸湁鍚嶈瘝浠h瘝鎴栫浉褰撲簬鍚嶈瘝鐨勫叾浠栬瘝绫伙紝鐭鎴栦粠鍙ヤ綔瀹冪殑瀹捐銆備粙璇嶅拰瀹冪殑瀹捐鏋勬垚浠嬭瘝璇嶇粍锛屽湪鍙ヤ腑浣滅姸璇紝琛ㄨ锛岃ˉ璇垨浠嬭瘝瀹捐銆備粙璇嶅彲浠ュ垎涓烘椂闂翠粙璇嶃佸湴鐐逛粙璇嶃佹柟寮忎粙璇嶃佸師鍥犱粙璇嶅拰鍏朵粬浠嬭瘝銆
  • 鑻辫浠嬭瘝閮芥湁鍝簺?鍒嗗埆浠涔鎰忔,鎬庝箞鐢?
    绛旓細杩欏氨鍙仛鐭浠嬭瘝銆傝繖绫讳粙璇嶇殑鏈熬鎬鏄涓涓畝鍗曚粙璇嶃傚 according to锛宐ecause of锛宐y means of锛宨n addition to锛宨n front of锛 in spite of锛宨nto绛夈5銆佸垎璇嶅墠缃瘝鏈夋瀬灏戞暟浠嬭瘝鐨勮瘝灏炬槸鈥-ing鈥濓紝褰技鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝锛堝叾涓篃鏈変簺鍙仛鍒嗚瘝锛夈傚父鐢ㄧ殑鏈夛細considering锛宺egarding锛宺especting锛宨ncluding銆
  • 浠嬭瘝鏈浠涔堢敤?
    绛旓細prep鏄嫳鏂噋reposition鐨勭缉鍐欙紝鎰忔鏄粙璇銆備粙璇嶆槸鑻辫涓渶娲昏穬鐨勮瘝绫讳箣涓锛岀壒鍒槸涓浜涘父鐢ㄤ粙璇嶇殑鎼厤鍔涚壒鍒己锛屽彲浠ョ敤鏉ヨ〃绀哄悇绉嶄笉鍚岀殑鎰忔濄浠嬭瘝鍙绉颁綔鍓嶇疆璇嶏紝琛ㄧず鍚嶈瘝銆佷唬璇嶇瓑涓庡彞涓叾浠栬瘝鐨勫叧绯伙紝鍦ㄥ彞涓笉鑳藉崟鐙綔鍙ュ瓙鎴愬垎銆備粙璇嶅悗闈竴鑸湁鍚嶈瘝銆佷唬璇嶆垨鐩稿綋浜庡悕璇嶇殑鍏朵粬璇嶇被銆佺煭璇垨浠庡彞浣滃畠鐨勫璇紝琛ㄧず...
  • 浠涔堟槸鍓瘝,浠涔堟槸杩炶瘝,浠涔堟槸浠嬭瘝?
    绛旓細瀹氫箟鏄杩欐牱鐨勶細1,銆佸壇璇嶏細淇グ鎴栭檺鍒跺姩璇嶅拰褰㈠璇嶏紝琛ㄧず鑼冨洿銆佺▼搴︾瓑锛岃屼笉鑳戒慨楗版垨闄愬埗鍚嶈瘝鐨勮瘝锛屽鈥滈兘銆佸彧銆佸啀涓夈佸薄娆°佸緢銆佹洿銆佽秺銆佷篃銆佽繕銆佷笉銆佺珶鐒躲佸眳鐒垛濈瓑銆2銆佽繛璇嶏細杩炴帴璇嶃佽瘝缁勬垨鍙ュ瓙鐨勮瘝锛屽鈥滃拰銆佷笌銆佽屼笖銆佷絾鏄佸洜涓恒佸鏋溾濄3銆浠嬭瘝锛氱敤鍦ㄥ悕璇嶃佷唬璇嶃佹垨鍚嶈瘝鎬ц瘝缁勭殑鍓嶈竟锛...
  • 鍦ㄨ嫳璇腑,浠嬭瘝鏄粈涔?
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