如何找natural和scientist文章 有没有人帮忙找一下 有关化学的1000字左右的英语文章 最好...
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Researchers in Iran have discovered a fungus that can metabolise and absorb sulfur from crude oil and so reduce one of the major sources of air pollution when petroleum products are burned. The fungus is more effective than any chemical engineering solution used in conventional oil refineries.
Sarah Torkamani, Jalal Shayegan, Soheila Yaghmaei, and Iran Alemzadeh of the Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, point out that existing processes for refining so-called \u201cheavy,\u201d or high-sulfur, crude oil convert sulfur to hydrogen sulfide gas at high temperatures and pressures. The main aim is to reduce the noxious sulfur-containing gases released by burning oil fuels. These are often acidic and can cause health problems in some people, damage the urban environment and lead to acid rain, which affects trees, plants, and lakes, for instance.
Necessary emission standards on fossil fuels could be more easily met with the use of such a biotech cleanup option, the researchers say. "Oil supplies 38% of the worldwide energy, and as the light oil is limited and meanwhile the energy demand is increasing, it is a must to use heavy crude oil and therefore desulfurize it to meet environmental standards," the team says. "It is not feasible to desulfurize all the sulfur-containing compounds in heavy crude oil using existing methods, such as hydro-desulfurization," they add.
Scientists have known for a long time that the biochemistry of certain microbes is suited to removing sulfur from oil. However, the development of a biodesulfurization method using such microbes to treat heavy crude oil has not been found to be viable until now. Indeed, desulfurization with a bacterial agent requires the oil to be heated to 45 Celsius to activate the process, which uses a lot of energy.
In the new study, Torkamani and colleagues explain how they isolated and tested the first microbial fungus, known as Stachybotrys species WS4, which can remove sulfur from heavy crude oil. The fungus is capable of removing 65 to 76% of the sulfur content from crude samples at two different oil fields, the Soroush and the Kuhemond oil fields, where initial sulfur content is 5 and 7.6% by weight, respectively.
The team has studied the impact of several variables on heavy crude oil biodesulfurization, such as initial pH of the medium, the water to oil ratio, and the number of fungal spores added to the sample. The researchers point out that the process works without the need for energy-hogging high temperatures or pressures, requiring heat just above room temperature, at 30 Celsius, which is presumably readily accessible to oil refineries in the Middle East much of the time.
The work was carried out as a project initiated by the Petroleum Engineering Development Company (PEDEC), a subsidiary of the National Iranian Oil Company.
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在图书馆电子数据库中，Nature电子期刊链接如下：
CALIS服务站点网址：http://nature.calis.edu.cn (点击IP登录。)
国外主站点：http://www.nature.com/nature/ (周刊)
http://www.nature.com/siteindex/index.html(相关出版物)
第一个网络地址，目前可以检索并获取2009年02月以前的全文文献。第二个网络链接地址，提供最新的全文文献，只要该网站发表网络期刊，即可获取全文。——推荐大家使用Nature的国外主站点。
2、如何查找Science电子期刊及全文文献
在JSTOR西文过刊全文库和ProQuest Science Journals(ASTP)中，收录有Science2005年以前的全文电子期刊，网络链接地址如下：
JSTOR西文过刊全文库：http://www.jstor.org/
其中Science期刊的链接地址为：
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=science
期刊查找方法为：选择Bowse-by title-点击字序浏览的字母S，即可看到该期刊的过刊列表。
ProQuest Science Journals(ASTP)：http://global.umi.com/login
其中Science期刊的链接地址为：
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=318&TS=1240882609&clientId=26491&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=28298&PageNum=1
期刊查找方法为：选择publications，点击字序浏览的字母S，即可看到该期刊的过刊列表。
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