【英语考试】synecdoche and motonymy 它们之间的区别加例子，中英文的谢谢。好的加分。 有关英语中的修辞的问题(涉及经典名著)
metonymy \u548csynecdoche\u7684\u533a\u522b1\u3001\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u7528
Metonymy\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u6362\u55bb\u201d\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aIn chapter one, we review the previous studies and understandings about metonymy.
\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u5bf9\u8f6c\u55bb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002
Synecdoche\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u63d0\u55bb\u201d\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aA part of the fireplace taken as a symbol ( synecdoche) for home.
\u58c1\u7089\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u5bb6\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u7684\u63d0\u55bb\u624b\u6cd5\uff09\u3002
2\u3001\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e0d\u540c
metonymy \u82f1 [məˈtɒnəmi] \u7f8e [məˈt\u0251:nəmi]
n.\u8f6c\u55bb\uff1b\u4ee3\u8bed\u5931\u5f53\uff1b\u9009\u8bed\u5931\u5f53
synecdoche \u82f1 [sɪˈnekdəki] \u7f8e [sɪˈnɛkdəki]
n.\u63d0\u55bb\u6cd5
3\u3001\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c
Metonymy \u501f\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e8b\u7269\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u501f\u4ee3\u201d\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1an chapter five, the relation between metonymy and syntax is discussed.
\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8f6c\u55bb\u540c\u53e5\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
Synecdoche \u4ee5\u67d0\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u6216\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4ee5\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u793a\u5c40\u90e8\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aSynecdoche and Stephen Owen's Research on Classical Chinese Literature.
\u4e3e\u9685\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5b87\u6587\u6240\u5b89\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
1\u3001referential metonymy
\u8f6c\u55bb\u6307\u79f0
salience and the restrictions of nouns in referential metonymy.
\u663e\u8457\u5ea6\u4e0e\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u55bb\u6307\u79f0\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002
2\u3001conceptual metonymy
\u6982\u5ff5\u8f6c\u55bb
\u8f6c\u55bb\u4e0e\u9690\u55bb\u90fd\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u6982\u5ff5\u9690\u55bb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u8f6c\u55bb ( Conceptual Metonymy)\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u751f\u6210\u6027\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u548c\u6982\u62ec\u6027\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\u3002
3\u3001grammatical metonymy
\u8bed\u6cd5\u8f6c\u55bb
the impact of grammatical metonymy on linguistic structure.
\u8bba\u8bed\u6cd5\u8f6c\u55bb\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
\u4e00\u3001 To err is human, to forgive divine.
(\u4eba\u7686\u6709\u8fc7\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u795e\u80fd\u5bbd\u6055\u3002)
To err is human, to forgive supine.
(\u4eba\u7686\u6709\u8fc7\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u61e6\u592b\u624d\u5bbd\u6055\u3002)
\u4e8c\u3001I came, I saw, I conquered.
(\u6211\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u89c1\uff0c\u6211\u5f81\u670d\u3002)
I came, I saw, I concurred.
(\u6211\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u89c1\uff0c\u6211\u5fc3\u670d\u3002)
\u7f57\u9a6c\u5927\u5e1d\u607a\u6492\u7684\u8c6a\u8bed\uff0c\u628a\u672b\u5b57\u7684\u91cd\u97f3\u7a0d\u4e00\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u82f1\u96c4\u4e00\u53d8\u800c\u4e3a\u6cc4\u6c14\uff01
\u4e09\u3001 \u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\uff0c\u58a8\u7d22\u91cc\u5c3c\u79f0\u9738\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\uff0c\u8001\u5927\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\uff0c\u65f6\u8bc4\u5bb6\u4ee5\u8bd9\u8c10\u7684\u53e3\u543b\u5957\u7528\u6210\u8bed\u8bf4\uff1a\u201cBritannia rules the waves, Mussolini waives the rules.\u201d(\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u5973\u795e\u7edf\u9a6d\u56db\u6d77\uff0c\u58a8\u7d22\u91cc\u5c3c\u65e0\u6cd5\u65e0\u5929\u3002) Rules \uff08\u52a8\u8bcd\u201c\u7edf\u9a6d\u201d\u6216\u540d\u8bcd\u201c\u6cd5\u7eaa\u201d\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u4e24\u7528\uff0c\u800cwaves\uff08\u6d77\u6d6a\uff09\u548cwaives\uff08\u8511\u89c6\uff09\u5219\u97f3\u540c\u5b57\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5c06\u6b64\u8bed\u9996\u5c3e\u5012\u7f6e\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u5f62\u6210\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u8bbd\u523a\u3002
\u56db\u3001 \u7f8e\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5148\u70c8Tom Paine\u6709\u4e0d\u673d\u540d\u53e5\u66f0\uff1a\u201cThese are times that try men\u2019s souls.\u201d(\u6b64\u4e43\u6211\u8f88\u5fc3\u7075\u9971\u53d7\u8003\u9a8c\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002) \u97e9\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u674e\u627f\u665a\u603b\u7edf\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u5927\u97e9\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u9677\u5165\u7d0a\u4e71\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6d3e\u9a7b\u6c49\u57ce\u67d0\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bb0\u8005\u51b7\u8a00\u51b7\u8bed\u9053\uff1a\u201cThese are times that try Seoul\u2019s men.\u201d \uff08\u6b64\u4e43\u6c49\u57ce\u4eba\u58eb\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u6270\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\uff09Seoul \u4e0esoul \u8bfb\u97f3\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u628a\u6700\u540e\u4fe9\u5b57\u5730\u4f4d\u5bf9\u8c03\uff0c\u6709\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\u3002
\u65e9\u671f\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u4e3b\u6559\u517c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f2f\u514b\u83b1George Berkeley(1685~1753)\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u5316\u751a\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u66fe\u6709\u8bd7\u53e5\uff1a\u201cWest ward the course of empire takes its way.\u201d\u53c8\u82f1\u56fd\u8f83\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u8fd8\u65e9\u7684\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u9a6c\u7f57Christopher Marlowe (1564~1593)\u548f\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7279\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6218\u7684\u7978\u6c34\uff0c\u7edd\u4ee3\u4f73\u4eba\u6d77\u4f26\uff0c\u6709\u8bd7\u66f0\uff1a\u201cWas this the face that launched a thousand ships\u2026?\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u897f\u6d0b\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u810d\u7099\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u53e5\u3002\uff09
1.Outside,(there is) a sea of faces. 外面街上，是人的海洋。（以人体的局部代全体，即以 faces 表示 people）
2.Have you any coppers? 你有钱吗？（以材料代事物，即以 copper 铜喻指 coin money 铜币）
3.They share the same roof.他们住在一起。（以部分代全体，即用 roof 屋顶，表示 house屋子、住宅）
二、metaphor （motonymy 可能写错了）汉语修辞学中称为隐喻或暗喻，把一些似乎毫无关联的事物联系到一起，用一物指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如：
1. All the world's a stage. 整个世界一台戏”
2. The rose is often a metaphor for love. 玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。
3. She's an angel in life and and he's a lion in battle 她是生活中的天使，他是战斗中的雄狮.。
