《过秦论》(上中下翻译)
\u6211\u8981\u8fc7\u79e6\u8bba\u5168\u6587\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e2d\u4e0b\u90fd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff01\u3010\u539f\u6587\u3011 \u79e6\u5b5d\u516c\u636e\u80b4\u51fd\u4e4b\u56fa\uff0c\u62e5\u96cd\u5dde\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u541b\u81e3\u56fa\u5b88\u4ee5\u7aa5\u5468\u5ba4\uff0c\u6709\u5e2d\u5377\u5929\u4e0b\u3001\u5305\u4e3e\u5b87\u5185\u3001\u56ca\u62ec\u56db\u6d77\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u541e\u516b\u8352\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002\u5f53\u662f\u65f6\u4e5f\uff0c\u5546\u541b\u4f50\u4e4b\uff0c\u5185\u7acb\u6cd5\u5ea6\uff0c\u52a1\u8015\u7ec7\uff0c\u4fee\u5b88\u6218\u4e4b\u5177\uff1b\u5916\u8fde\u8861\u800c\u6597\u8bf8\u4faf\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u79e6\u4eba\u62f1\u624b\u800c\u53d6\u897f\u6cb3\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 \u5b5d\u516c\u65e2\u6ca1\uff0c\u60e0\u6587\u3001\u6b66\u3001\u662d\u8944\u8499\u6545\u4e1a,\u56e0\u9057\u7b56\uff0c\u5357\u53d6\u6c49\u4e2d\uff0c\u897f\u4e3e\u5df4\u8700\uff0c\u4e1c\u5272\u818f\u8174\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u5317\u6536\u8981\u5bb3\u4e4b\u90e1\u3002\u8bf8\u4faf\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u4f1a\u76df\u800c\u8c0b\u5f31\u79e6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7231\u73cd\u5668\u91cd\u5b9d\u80a5\u9976\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u58eb\uff0c\u5408\u4ece\u7f14\u4ea4\uff0c\u76f8\u4e3e\u4e3a\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u6b64\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u9f50\u6709\u5b5f\u5c1d\uff0c\u8d75\u6709\u5e73\u539f\uff0c\u695a\u6709\u6625\u7533\uff0c\u9b4f\u6709\u4fe1\u9675\u3002\u6b64\u56db\u541b\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u660e\u667a\u800c\u5fe0\u4fe1\uff0c\u5bbd\u539a\u800c\u7231\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0a\u8d24\u800c\u91cd\u58eb\uff0c\u7ea6\u4ece\u79bb\u8861\uff0c\u517c\u97e9\u3001\u9b4f\u3001\u71d5\u3001\u8d75\u3001\u5b8b\u3001\u536b\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e4b\u4f17\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u516d\u56fd\u4e4b\u58eb\uff0c\u6709\u5b81\u8d8a\u3001\u5f90\u5c1a\u3001\u82cf\u79e6\u3001\u675c\u8d6b\u4e4b\u5c5e\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8c0b\uff0c\u9f50\u660e\u3001\u5468\u6700\u3001\u9648\u8f78\u3001\u53ec\u6ed1\u3001\u697c\u7f13\u3001\u7fdf\u666f\u3001\u82cf\u5389\u3001\u4e50\u6bc5\u4e4b\u5f92\u901a\u5176\u610f\uff0c\u5434\u8d77\u3001\u5b59\u8191\u3001\u5e26\u4f57\u3001\u502a\u826f\u3001\u738b\u5ed6\u3001\u7530\u5fcc\u3001\u5ec9\u9887\u3001\u8d75\u5962\u4e4b\u670b\u5236\u5176\u5175\u3002\u5c1d\u4ee5\u5341\u500d\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u767e\u4e07\u4e4b\u5e08\uff0c\u4ef0\u5173\u800c\u653b\u79e6\u3002\u79e6\u4eba\u5f00\u5173\u5ef6\u654c\uff0c\u4e5d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5e08\u9021\u5de1\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u8fdb\u3002\u79e6\u65e0\u4ea1\u77e2\u9057\u955e\u4e4b\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u5929\u4e0b\u5df2\u56f0\u77e3\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4ece\u6563\u7ea6\u8d25\uff0c\u4e89\u5272\u5730\u4ee5\u8d42\u79e6\u3002\u79e6\u6709\u4f59\u529b\u800c\u5236\u5176\u5f0a\uff0c\u8ffd\u4ea1\u9010\u5317\uff0c\u4f0f\u5c38\u767e\u4e07\uff0c\u6d41\u8840\u6f02\u6a79\u3002\u56e0\u5229\u4e58\u4fbf\uff0c\u5bb0\u5272\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u6cb3\u5c71\u3002\u5f3a\u56fd\u8bf7\u670d\uff0c\u5f31\u56fd\u5165\u671d\u3002 \u65bd\u53ca\u5b5d\u6587\u738b\u3001\u5e84\u8944\u738b\uff0c\u4eab\u56fd\u4e4b\u65e5\u6d45\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u65e0\u4e8b\u3002 \u53ca\u81f3\u59cb\u7687\uff0c\u594b\u516d\u4e16\u4e4b\u4f59\u70c8\uff0c\u632f\u957f\u7b56\u800c\u5fa1\u5b87\u5185\uff0c\u541e\u4e8c\u5468\u800c\u4ea1\u8bf8\u4faf\uff0c\u5c65\u81f3\u5c0a\u800c\u5236\u516d\u5408\uff0c\u6267\u6572\u6251\u800c\u97ad\u7b1e\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u5a01\u9707\u56db\u6d77\u3002\u5357\u53d6\u767e\u8d8a\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6842\u6797\u3001\u8c61\u90e1\u3002\u767e\u8d8a\u4e4b\u541b\uff0c\u4fef\u9996\u7cfb\u9888\uff0c\u59d4\u547d\u4e0b\u540f\u3002\u4e43\u4f7f\u8499\u606c\u5317\u7b51\u957f\u57ce\u800c\u5b88\u85e9\u7bf1\uff0c\u5374\u5308\u5974\u4e03\u767e\u4f59\u91cc\u3002\u80e1\u4eba\u4e0d\u6562\u5357\u4e0b\u800c\u7267\u9a6c\uff0c\u58eb\u4e0d\u6562\u5f2f\u5f13\u800c\u62a5\u6028\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5e9f\u5148\u738b\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u711a\u767e\u5bb6\u4e4b\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u611a\u9ed4\u9996\uff1b\u5815\u540d\u57ce\uff0c\u6740\u8c6a\u6770\uff0c\u6536\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5175,\u805a\u4e4b\u54b8\u9633\uff0c\u9500\u950b\u955d\uff0c\u94f8\u4ee5\u4e3a\u91d1\u4eba\u5341\u4e8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f31\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6c11\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8df5\u534e\u4e3a\u57ce\uff0c\u56e0\u6cb3\u4e3a\u6c60\uff0c\u636e\u4ebf\u4e08\u4e4b\u57ce,\u4e34\u4e0d\u6d4b\u4e4b\u6e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u56fa\u3002\u826f\u5c06\u52b2\u9a7d\u5b88\u8981\u5bb3\u4e4b\u5904\uff1b\u4fe1\u81e3\u7cbe\u5352\u9648\u5229\u5175\u800c\u8c01\u4f55\u3002\u5929\u4e0b\u5df2\u5b9a\uff0c\u59cb\u7687\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5173\u4e2d\u4e4b\u56fa\uff0c\u91d1\u57ce\u5343\u91cc\uff0c\u5b50\u5b59\u5e1d\u738b\u4e07\u4e16\u4e4b\u4e1a\u4e5f\u3002 \u59cb\u7687\u65e2\u6ca1\uff0c\u4f59\u5a01\u9707\u4e8e\u6b8a\u4fd7\u3002 \u7136\u800c\u9648\u6d89\uff0c\u74ee\u7256\u7ef3\u67a2\u4e4b\u5b50\uff0c\u6c13\u96b6\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u8fc1\u5f99\u4e4b\u5f92\u4e5f\uff1b\u624d\u80fd\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e2d\u4eba\uff0c\u975e\u6709\u4ef2\u5c3c\u3001\u58a8\u7fdf\u4e4b\u8d24\uff0c\u9676\u6731\u3001\u7317\u987f\u4e4b\u5bcc\u3002\u8e51\u8db3\u884c\u4f0d\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u5014\u8d77\u9621\u964c\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7387\u75b2\u5f0a\u4e4b\u5352\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u767e\u4e4b\u4f17\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u653b\u79e6\uff0c\u65a9\u6728\u4e3a\u5175\uff0c\u63ed\u7aff\u4e3a\u65d7\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4e91\u96c6\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8d62\u7cae\u800c\u666f\u4ece\u3002\u5c71\u4e1c\u8c6a\u4fca\u9042\u5e76\u8d77\u800c\u4ea1\u79e6\u65cf\u77e3\u3002 \u4e14\u592b\u5929\u4e0b\u975e\u5c0f\u5f31\u4e5f\uff0c\u96cd\u5dde\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u80b4\u51fd\u4e4b\u56fa\uff0c\u81ea\u82e5\u4e5f\uff1b\u9648\u6d89\u4e4b\u4f4d\uff0c\u975e\u5c0a\u4e8e\u9f50\u3001\u695a\u3001\u71d5\u3001\u8d75\u3001\u97e9\u3001\u9b4f\u3001\u5b8b\u3001\u536b\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e4b\u541b\u4e5f\uff1b\u9504\u8030\u68d8\u77dc\uff0c\u975e\u94e6\u4e8e\u94a9\u621f\u957f\u94e9\u4e5f\uff1b\u8c2a\u620c\u4e4b\u4f17\uff0c\u975e\u4ea2\u4e5d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5e08\u4e5f\uff1b\u6df1\u8c0b\u8fdc\u8651\uff0c\u884c\u519b\u7528\u5175\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u975e\u53ca\u5411\u65f6\u4e4b\u58eb\u4e5f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6210\u8d25\u5f02\u53d8\uff0c\u529f\u4e1a\u76f8\u53cd\u4e5f\u3002\u8bd5\u4f7f\u5c71\u4e1c\u4e4b\u56fd\u4e0e\u9648\u6d89\u5ea6\u957f\u7d5c\u5927\uff0c\u6bd4\u6743\u91cf\u529b\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u540c\u5e74\u800c\u8bed\u77e3\u3002\u7136\u79e6\u4ee5\u533a\u533a\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u81f4\u4e07\u4e58\u4e4b\u52bf\uff0c\u5e8f\u516b\u5dde\u800c\u671d\u540c\u5217\uff0c\u767e\u6709\u4f59\u5e74\u77e3\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u516d\u5408\u4e3a\u5bb6\uff0c\u5d24\u51fd\u4e3a\u5bab\u3002\u4e00\u592b\u4f5c\u96be\u800c\u4e03\u5e99\u96b3\uff0c\u8eab\u6b7b\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5929\u4e0b\u7b11\u8005\uff0c\u4f55\u4e5f\uff1f\u4ec1\u4e49\u4e0d\u65bd\u800c\u653b\u5b88\u4e4b\u52bf\u5f02\u4e5f\uff01 \u3010\u8bd1\u6587\u3011 \u79e6\u5b5d\u516c\u5360\u636e\u7740\u5d24\u5c71\u548c\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u7684\u9669\u56fa\u5730\u52bf\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u96cd\u5dde\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u541b\u81e3\u7262\u56fa\u5730\u5b88\u536b\u7740\uff0c\u501f\u4ee5\u7aa5\u89c6\u5468\u738b\u5ba4\uff08\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u5e2d\u5377\u5929\u4e0b\u3001\u5f81\u670d\u4e5d\u5dde\u3001\u6a2a\u626b\u56db\u6d77\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u5e76\u541e\u516b\u65b9\u8352\u8fdc\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u96c4\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\uff08\u6709\uff09\u5546\u541b\u8f85\u4f50\u4ed6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u5efa\u7acb\u6cd5\u89c4\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u5174\u8015\u4f5c\u7eba\u7ec7\uff0c\u4fee\u9020\u9632\u5b88\u548c\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u5668\u68b0\uff1b\u5bf9\u5916\u5b9e\u884c\u8fde\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f7f\u5c71\u4e1c\u8bf8\u4faf\u81ea\u76f8\u4e89\u6597\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u79e6\u4eba\u6beb\u4e0d\u8d39\u529b\u5730\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u897f\u6cb3\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002 \u5b5d\u516c\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u60e0\u6587\u738b\u3001\u6b66\u738b\u3001\u662d\u8944\u738b\uff08\u5148\u540e\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u4e1a\uff0c\u6cbf\u88ad\u524d\u4ee3\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5411\u5357\u653b\u53d6\u6c49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u897f\u541e\u5e76\u5df4\u3001\u8700\uff0c\u5411\u4e1c\u5272\u53d6\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u5730\u76d8\uff0c\u5411\u5317\u5360\u9886\u8981\u5bb3\u7684\u90e1\u9091\u3002\u8bf8\u4faf\u6050\u614c\u5bb3\u6015\uff0c\u5f00\u4f1a\u7ed3\u76df\uff0c\u8c0b\u6c42\u524a\u5f31\u79e6\u56fd\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0d\u541d\u60dc\u5947\u73cd\u8d35\u91cd\u7684\u5668\u7269\u548c\u80a5\u6c83\u5bcc\u9976\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u62db\u81f4\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8ba2\u7acb\u5408\u7eb5\u76df\u7ea6\uff0c\u7ed3\u6210\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9f50\u56fd\u6709\u5b5f\u5c1d\u541b\uff0c\u8d75\u56fd\u6709\u5e73\u539f\u541b\uff0c\u695a\u56fd\u6709\u6625\u7533\u541b\uff0c\u9b4f\u56fd\u6709\u4fe1\u9675\u541b\u3002\u8fd9\u56db\u4f4d\u5c01\u541b\uff0c\u90fd\u89c1\u4e8b\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u667a\u8c0b\uff0c\u5fc3\u5730\u8bda\u800c\u8bb2\u4fe1\u4e49\uff0c\u5f85\u4eba\u5f88\u5bbd\u539a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d24\u80fd\u4e4b\u58eb\u5f88\u656c\u91cd\uff0c\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\uff09\u4ee5\u5408\u7eb5\u4e4b\u7ea6\u51fb\u7834\u79e6\u7684\u8fde\u6a2a\u4e4b\u7b56\uff0c\u5c06\u97e9\u3001\u9b4f\u3001\u71d5\u3001\u695a\u3001\u9f50\u3001\u8d75\u3001\u5b8b\u3001\u536b\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u7ed3\u6210\u8054\u519b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u516d\u56fd\u58eb\u4eba\u6709\u5b81\u8d8a\u3001\u5f90\u5c1a\u3001\u82cf\u79e6\u3001\u675c\u8d6b\u7b49\u4eba\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u8c0b\u5212\u7b56\uff0c\u9f50\u660e\u3001\u5468\u6700\u3001\u9648\u8f78\u3001\u53ec\u6ed1\u3001\u697c\u7f13\u3001\u7fdf\u666f\u3001\u82cf\u5389\u3001\u4e50\u6bc5\u7b49\u4eba\uff08\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\uff09\u6c9f\u901a\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5434\u8d77\u3001\u5b59\u8191\u3001\u5e26\u4f57\u3001\u502a\u826f\u3001\u738b\u5ed6\u3001\u7530\u5fcc\u3001\u5ec9\u9887\u3001\u8d75\u5962\u7b49\u4eba\u7edf\u7387\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u519b\u961f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u4ee5\u5341\u500d\u4e8e\u79e6\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5f00\u5f80\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u53bb\u653b\u6253\u79e6\u56fd\u3002\u79e6\u4eba\u5927\u5f00\u5173\u95e8\u5f15\u654c\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u4e5d\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff08\u5374\uff09\u8fdf\u7591\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u5165\u5173\u3002\u79e6\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u4e22\u5931\u4e00\u652f\u7bad\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u8bf8\u4faf\uff08\u5374\uff09\u5df2\u9677\u5165\u72fc\u72c8\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u5883\u5730\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u7eb5\u7ea6\u89e3\u6563\u4e86\uff0c\u5404\u8bf8\u4faf\u56fd\u4e89\u7740\u5272\u5730\u6765\u8d3f\u8d42\u79e6\u56fd\u3002\u79e6\u6709\u5bcc\u4f59\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5229\u7528\u5bf9\u65b9\u5f31\u70b9\u6765\u5236\u670d\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u8ffd\u8d76\uff08\u4e5d\u56fd\u7684\uff09\u8d25\u5175\uff0c\u767e\u4e07\u8d25\u5175\u6a2a\u5c38\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u8840\u6d41\uff08\u6210\u6cb3\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u76fe\u724c\u4e5f\u6f02\u6d6e\u5f97\u8d77\u3002\uff08\u79e6\u4eba\uff09\u51ed\u501f\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u5272\u53d6\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\uff08\u91cd\u65b0\uff09\u5212\u5206\u5c71\u6cb3\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5f3a\u56fd\u4e3b\u52a8\u8868\u793a\u5c48\u670d\uff0c\u5f31\u56fd\uff08\u6309\u65f6\uff09\u5165\u79e6\u671d\u62dc\u3002 \u5f85\u5230\u5b5d\u6587\u738b\u3001\u5e84\u8944\u738b\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ee7\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u79e6\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u4e8b\u3002 \u5230\u59cb\u7687\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5927\u5927\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u524d\u516d\u4ee3\u541b\u4e3b\u7684\u529f\u4e1a\uff0c\u6325\u821e\u7740\u957f\u97ad\u6765\u9a7e\u9a6d\u5168\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5c06\u4e1c\u5468\u3001\u897f\u5468\u548c\u5404\u8bf8\u4faf\u56fd\u7edf\u7edf\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u6700\u5c0a\u8d35\u7684\u5b9d\u5ea7\u6765\u7edf\u6cbb\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u79cd\u79cd\u5211\u5177\u6765\u8feb\u5bb3\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5a01\u98ce\u9707\u6151\u56db\u6d77\u3002\u5411\u5357\u653b\u53d6\u767e\u8d8a\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u5212\u4e3a\u6842\u6797\u90e1\u548c\u8c61\u90e1\uff0c\u767e\u8d8a\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u4f4e\u7740\u5934\uff0c\u9888\u4e0a\u6346\u7740\u7ef3\u5b50\uff0c\u6027\u547d\u542c\u51ed\u79e6\u7684\u4e0b\u7ea7\u5b98\u540f\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff08\u53c8\uff09\u6d3e\u8499\u606c\u5230\u5317\u65b9\u53bb\u4fee\u7b51\u957f\u57ce\uff0c\u5b88\u536b\u8fb9\u5883\uff0c\u51fb\u9000\u5308\u5974\u4e03\u767e\u591a\u91cc\uff1b\u80e1\u4eba\uff08\u518d\uff09\u4e0d\u6562\u5230\u5357\u8fb9\u6765\u653e\u7267\uff0c\u52c7\u58eb\u4e0d\u6562\u62c9\u5f13\u5c04\u7bad\u6765\u62a5\u4ec7\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u5e9f\u9664\u53e4\u4ee3\u5e1d\u738b\u7684\u6cbb\u4e16\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u711a\u70e7\u8bf8\u5b50\u767e\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u767e\u59d3\u53d8\u5f97\u611a\u8822\uff1b\u6bc1\u574f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u57ce\u9091\uff0c\u6740\u6389\u82f1\u96c4\u8c6a\u6770\uff1b\u6536\u7f34\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u5175\u5668\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u54b8\u9633\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u5200\u5203\u548c\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u94f8\u6210\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u91d1\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u524a\u5f31\u767e\u59d3\uff08\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u529b\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8e0f\u4e0a\u534e\u5c71\u4fee\u57ce\u5899\uff0c\u501f\u7528\u9ec4\u6cb3\u505a\u62a4\u57ce\u6cb3\uff0c\u4e0a\u6709\u4ebf\u4e08\u9ad8\u7684\u57ce\u5899\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e34\u4e0d\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6df1\u6e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u575a\u56fa\uff08\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\uff09\u3002\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u9886\u624b\u6267\u5f3a\u5f29\u5b88\u536b\u7740\u8981\u5bb3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u7cbe\u9510\u7684\u58eb\u5352\u62ff\u7740\u950b\u5229\u7684\u5175\u5668\uff0c\u76d8\u95ee\u8fc7\u5f80\u884c\u4eba\u3002\u5929\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u5b9a\uff0c\u59cb\u7687\u5fc3\u91cc\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5173\u4e2d\u7684\u9669\u56fa\u5730\u52bf\uff0c\u65b9\u5706\u5343\u91cc\u7684\u94dc\u5899\u94c1\u58c1\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5b50\u5b59\u4e07\u4ee3\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u57fa\u4e1a\u3002 \u59cb\u7687\u53bb\u4e16\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f59\u5a01\uff08\u4f9d\u7136\uff09\u9707\u6151\u7740\u8fb9\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u9648\u6d89\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2a\u7834\u74ee\u505a\u7a97\u6237\u3001\u8349\u7ef3\u505a\u6237\u67a2\u7684\u8d2b\u5bb6\u5b50\u5f1f\uff0c\u662f\u6c13\u3001\u96b6\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\uff08\u540e\u6765\uff09\u505a\u4e86\u88ab\u8fc1\u6ef4\u620d\u8fb9\u7684\u5352\u5b50\uff1b\u624d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u4e2d\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b54\u4e18\u3001\u58a8\u7fdf\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u8d24\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u50cf\u9676\u6731\u3001\u7317\u987f\u90a3\u6837\u5bcc\u6709\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\uff09\u8110\u8eab\u4e8e\u620d\u5352\u7684\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u7530\u91ce\u95f4\u7a81\u7136\u594b\u8d77\u53d1\u96be\uff0c\u7387\u9886\u7740\u75b2\u60eb\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u58eb\u5175\uff0c\u6307\u6325\u7740\u51e0\u767e\u4eba\u7684\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u6389\u8f6c\u5934\u6765\u8fdb\u653b\u79e6\u56fd\uff0c\u780d\u4e0b\u6811\u6728\u4f5c\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4e3e\u8d77\u7af9\u7aff\u5f53\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4eba\u5982\u540c\u4e91\u4e00\u6837\u805a\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u56de\u58f0\u4f3c\u7684\u5e94\u548c\u4ed6\uff0c\u90fd\u5e26\u7740\u7cae\u98df\uff0c\u5f71\u5b50\u4f3c\u5730\u8ddf\u7740\u4ed6\u3002\u5d24\u5c71\u4ee5\u4e1c\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u8c6a\u6770\u4e8e\u662f\u4e00\u9f50\u8d77\u4e8b\uff0c\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u79e6\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u3002 \u51b5\u4e14\u5929\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5c0f\u53d8\u5f31\uff0c\u96cd\u5dde\u7684\u5730\u52bf\uff0c\u5d24\u5c71\u548c\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u7684\u9669\u56fa\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u524d\u90a3\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u9648\u6d89\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bd4\u9f50\u3001\u695a\u3001\u71d5\u3001\u8d75\u3001\u97e9\u3001\u9b4f\u3001\u5b8b\u3001\u536b\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u56fd\u541b\u66f4\u5c0a\u8d35\uff1b\u9504\u5934\u6728\u68cd\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bd4\u94a9\u621f\u957f\u77db\u66f4\u950b\u5229\uff1b\u90a3\u8fc1\u6ef4\u620d\u8fb9\u7684\u5352\u5b50\u7684\uff08\u4f5c\u6218\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bd4\u4e5d\u56fd\u90e8\u961f\u66f4\u5f3a\uff1b\uff08\u81f3\u4e8e\uff09\u6df1\u8c0b\u8fdc\u8651\uff0c\u884c\u519b\u7528\u5175\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\uff08\u9648\u6d89\uff09\u4e5f\u6bd4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4e5d\u56fd\u7684\u6b66\u5c06\u8c0b\u81e3\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u597d\u8005\u5931\u8d25\u800c\u6761\u4ef6\u5dee\u8005\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u529f\u4e1a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5047\u4f7f\u62ff\u5c71\u4e1c\u8bf8\u56fd\u8ddf\u9648\u6d89\u6bd4\u4e00\u6bd4\u957f\u77ed\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u91cf\u4e00\u91cf\u6743\u52bf\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u7b80\u76f4\u662f\u5929\u6e0a\u4e4b\u522b\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u800c\u79e6\u51ed\u501f\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u533a\u533a\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u5175\u8f66\u4e07\u4e58\u7684\u56fd\u52bf\uff0c\u62db\u81f4\u516b\u5dde\u7684\u5217\u56fd\u8bf8\u4faf\u6765\u671d\u62dc\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5929\u4e0b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u79c1\u4ea7\uff0c\u7528\u5d24\u5c71\u3001\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bab\u5899\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u620d\u5352\u53d1\u96be\u5c31\u6bc1\u6389\u4e86\u5929\u5b50\u4e03\u5e99\uff0c\u7687\u5b50\u7687\u5b59\u90fd\u6b7b\u5728\u4eba\u5bb6\u624b\u91cc\uff0c\u88ab\u5929\u4e0b\u4eba\u803b\u7b11\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u65bd\u884c\u4ec1\u4e49\u800c\u4f7f\u653b\u5b88\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u554a\u3002 \u8bba\u79ef\u8d2e\u758f \u3010\u9898\u89e3\u3011 \u672c\u6587\u5199\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d178\u5e74\uff0c\u5373\u6c49\u6587\u5e1d\u4e8c\u5e74\u3002\u5f53\u662f\u65f6\uff0c\u6c49\u7531\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51cb\u655d\uff0c\u7c73\u4ef7\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u6c49\u6587\u5e1d\u65f6\u4ecd\u672a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8d3e\u8c0a\u6709\u611f\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u300a\u8bba\u79ef\u8d2e\u758f\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u529d\u8beb\u7687\u5e1d\u91cd\u89c6\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u79ef\u8d2e\u7cae\u98df\u3002\u758f\uff0c\u53e4\u6587\u4f53\uff0c\u7ed9\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u594f\u7ae0\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u7684
\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8c61\u4e91\u4e00\u6837\u6c47\u96c6\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8c61\u56de\u97f3\u4e00\u6837\u56de\u5e94\u4ed6\u3002
\u5c31\u662f\u90fd\u6765\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002
\u54cd\u662f\u540d\u8bcd\u505a\u72b6\u8bed
绛旓細浜屻杩囩Е璁鍘熸枃缈昏瘧 绉﹀瓭鍏崰鎹搐灞便佸嚱璋峰叧鐨勫潥鍥,鎷ユ湁闆嶅窞鐨勫湡鍦,鍚涜嚕鍥哄畧浠ョ瑙嗗懆瀹,鏈夊腑鍗峰ぉ涓,鍖...鍐涢槦涔嬩腑,绐佺劧濂嬭捣鍦ㄧ敯閲庝箣闂,鐜囬鐤插紛鐨勫+鍗,鎸囨尌鐫鏁扮櫨鍚嶉儴浼,杞繃韬潵灏辫繘鏀荤Е鐜嬫湞;鐮嶄笅鏍戞湪
绛旓細浠栦滑鐮嶄笅鏍戞湪褰撳仛姝﹀櫒锛岄珮涓炬爲骞层佺绔夸綔涓烘棗甯滐紝澶╀笅鐨勭櫨濮撳拷鐒跺儚浜戜竴鏍烽泦鍚堣仛鎷㈣屾潵搴斿0鑰岃捣锛屾寫鐫绮锛屽褰遍殢褰㈢揣绱ц窡闅忋傗斺旈夎嚜銆婅繃绉﹁銆鐒惰屼竴涓汉鍙戝姩璧蜂箟锛屽笣鐜嬪熀涓氬氨姣佺伃浜嗭紝鐨囧笣姝诲湪鍒汉鎵嬮噷锛岃澶╀笅浜鸿绗戯紝杩欐槸涓轰粈涔堝憿?鏄敱浜庢病鏈夊疄鏂戒粊涔夛紝鏀诲彇澶╀笅瀹堜綇澶╀笅鐨勫舰鍔垮氨涓嶅悓鍟娿
绛旓細璇戞枃锛氫粬浠浘缁忎互鍗佸嶄簬绉︾殑鍦熷湴锛屼笂鐧句竾鐨勫啗闃燂紝寮寰鍑借胺鍏冲幓鏀绘墦绉﹀浗銆傜Е浜哄ぇ寮鍏抽棬寮曟晫娣卞叆锛屼節鍥界殑鍐涢槦锛堝嵈锛夎繜鐤戣捣鏉ワ紝涓嶆暍鍏ュ叧銆傜Е浜烘病鏈変涪澶变竴鏀閭f牱鐨勬秷鑰楋紝澶╀笅鐨勮渚紙鍗达級宸查櫡鍏ョ嫾鐙堜笉鍫殑澧冨湴浜嗐傚師鏂囷細浜庢槸浠庢暎绾﹁触锛屼簤鍓插湴浠ヨ祩绉︺傜Е鏈変綑鍔涜屽埗鍏跺紛锛岃拷浜¢愬寳锛屼紡灏哥櫨涓囷紝娴佽婕傛┕...
绛旓細鍏充簬鈥杩囩Е璁虹炕璇鍙婂師鏂団濆涓嬶細銆婅繃绉﹁銆鏄淳璋婄殑涓绡囨斂璁烘暎鏂囷紝涓昏璁茶堪浜嗙Е鏈濈殑鍏寸洓涓庤“钀斤紝琛ㄨ揪浜嗕粬瀵逛簬鏀挎不寰楀け鐨勭湅娉曘備笅闈㈡垜灏嗕负鎮ㄥ憟鐜般婅繃绉﹁銆嬬殑鍘熸枃鍙婄炕璇戯紝骞跺鍏惰繘琛岃瑙c傚師鏂囷細绉﹀瓭鍏嵁宕ゅ嚱涔嬪浐锛屾嫢闆嶅窞涔嬪湴锛屽悰鑷e浐瀹堜互绐ュ懆瀹わ紝鏈夊腑鍗峰ぉ涓嬶紝鍖呬妇瀹囧唴锛屽泭鎷洓娴蜂箣鎰忥紝骞跺悶鍏崚涔嬪績銆傚綋鏄...
绛旓細銆婅繃绉﹁銆鍐欎綔鐗硅壊锛1銆佷互鍙插疄涓鸿鎹紝鐢ㄨ鐐圭粺鐜囨潗鏂欍傘婅繃绉﹁銆嬪彊鍙茬殑鐗圭偣鏄湪瑙傜偣缁熺巼涓嬪鍙插疄浣滃嚭楂樺害姒傛嫭銆傚绉︹滃彇瑗挎渤涔嬪鈥濓紝鏄晢闉呰楠楅瓘灏嗗叕瀛愬嵂鑰岃鐮村叾鍐涚殑缁撴灉锛屾枃涓互鈥滄嫳鎵嬧濅簩瀛椾綔浜嗘鎷備綔鑰呬负浜嗛槓鏄庤嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣锛屽湪鍙欏彶鏃舵墍鐪嬮噸鐨勬槸鍘嗗彶杩囩▼鐨勬湰璐紝鑰屼笉璁茬粏鑺傜殑鍑嗙‘銆2銆佸姣...
绛旓細杩囩Е璁鍘熸枃鍙缈昏瘧濡備笅锛氬師鏂囷細绉﹀吋璇镐警灞变笢涓夊崄浣欓儭锛屼慨娲ュ叧锛屾嵁闄╁锛岀籍鐢插叺鑰屽畧涔嬨傜劧闄堟秹鐜囨暎涔变箣浼楁暟鐧撅紝濂嬭噦澶у懠锛屼笉鐢ㄥ紦鎴熶箣鍏碉紝閴忚扮櫧姊冿紝鏈涘眿鑰岄锛屾í琛屽ぉ涓嬨傜Е浜洪樆闄╀笉瀹堬紝鍏虫涓嶉棴锛岄暱鎴熶笉鍒猴紝寮哄缉涓嶅皠銆傛甯堟繁鍏ワ紝鎴樹簬楦块棬锛屾浘鏃犺棭绡变箣闅俱備簬鏄北涓滆渚苟璧凤紝璞繆鐩哥珛銆傜Е浣跨珷閭...
绛旓細楂樹簩杩囩Е璁哄師鏂囧強缈昏瘧濡備笅: 銆婅繃绉﹁銆鍘熸枃: 绉﹀瓭鍏嵁鑲村嚱涔嬪浐,鎷ラ泹宸炰箣鍦,鍚涜嚕鍥哄畧浠ョ鍛ㄥ,鏈夊腑鍗...浠栫殑鎵嶈兘姣斾笉涓婂钩甯镐汉,娌℃湁瀛斿瓙銆佸ⅷ瀛愰偅鏍风殑鎵嶈兘寰疯鍜岄櫠鏈便佺寳椤块偅鏍风殑璐㈠瘜;浠栧嚭韬簬鍐涢槦涔嬩腑,鍗村湪
绛旓細2007-08-18 姹傝淳璋銆婅繃绉﹁銆涓娿佷腑銆佷笅涓夌瘒 29 2016-11-19 杩囩Е璁涓婁腑涓绡囨敞閲婂強缈昏瘧 2007-08-04 姹傝繃绉﹁涓笅绡囦互鍙婄炕璇 6 2006-04-22 杩囩Е璁哄垎涓婁腑涓嬩笁绡,鍦ㄤ笂绡囦腑灏卞凡缁忓皢绉︿箣杩囨寚鍑,閭d腑,涓嬬瘒杩... 2020-04-14 杩囩Е璁轰腑涓虹Е缁熶竴鎵撲笅浜嗗摢浜涘熀纭鐢ㄨ鏂囧師鍙? 2010-01-24 涓轰綍绉﹀鐨囨湰绾腑鏈...
绛旓細杩囩Е璁鍘熸枃鍙缈昏瘧濡備笅锛氬師鏂囷細绉﹀吋璇镐警灞变笢涓夊崄浣欓儭锛屼慨娲ュ叧锛屾嵁闄╁锛岀籍鐢插叺鑰屽畧涔嬨傜劧闄堟秹鐜囨暎涔变箣浼楁暟鐧撅紝濂嬭噦澶у懠锛屼笉鐢ㄥ紦鎴熶箣鍏碉紝閴忚扮櫧姊冿紝鏈涘眿鑰岄锛屾í琛屽ぉ涓嬨傜Е浜洪樆闄╀笉瀹堬紝鍏虫涓嶉棴锛岄暱鎴熶笉鍒猴紝寮哄缉涓嶅皠銆傛甯堟繁鍏ワ紝鎴樹簬楦块棬锛屾浘鏃犺棭绡变箣闅俱備簬鏄北涓滆渚苟璧凤紝璞繆鐩哥珛銆傜Е浣跨珷閭...
绛旓細銆婇珮涓杩囩Е璁恒鏄婂彶璁般嬩腑鐨勪竴绡囷紝浣滆呭徃椹縼銆傛枃绔犱腑璁茶堪浜嗘垬鍥芥椂鏈熺Е鍥界殑寮哄ぇ浠ュ強绉﹀鐨囩殑娌诲浗涔嬮亾銆備互涓嬫槸鏂囩珷鐨勫師鏂囧強缈昏瘧鍜屾敞閲婏細鍘熸枃锛氬鐨囧笣鑰咃紝鍏剁倷瓒崇儹鑳咃紝鏈湁闂讳篃銆傚か绉︿箣鍒濆叴锛岃渚湭鍒嗭紝鍦版湭瀹氫篃銆傜劧鍒欏琚傝岃嚜涓撹咃紝鏈湁涔嬩篃銆傚攼銆佽櫈銆佸銆佹涔嬫湁澶╀笅涔燂紝灞呮浣嶈屾不鑰咃紝鏈湁涔...