现在完成时与一般过去式区别，各自什么时候使用 一般过去式和现在完成时的区别？
\u82f1\u8bed\u9ad8\u624b\u6765\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6 \u8868\u793a\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4e3a\u6b62\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u6216\u4ecd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u6216\u8868\u793a\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5373\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u6210\u662f: have\u6216has+\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002
\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aHe has called Tom.\uff08\u4ed6\u7ed9\u6c64\u59c6\u6253\u4e86\u7535\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u201c\u8fc7\u4e86\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5b8c\u4e86\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u201d\u7b49\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u3002
\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u6210\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u3002
\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aHe worked very hard last year. \uff08\u53bb\u5e74\u4ed6\u5f88\u7528\u529f\u3002\uff09
1\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u53ea\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb (time of the action is known\uff0c \u77e5\u9053\u4f55\u65f6\u53d1\u751f)
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5230\u73b0\u5728 (time of the action is unknow, \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u751f)
\u4f8b\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\uff1a TVXQ released their first single "HUG" in 2002. \u4e1c\u65b9\u795e\u8d77\u57282002\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f20\u5355\u66f2 (\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u5f20\u5355\u66f2\u4e86\uff0c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u4ed6\u4eec\u57282002\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f20\u5355\u66f2\uff0c\u8ddf\u73b0\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb) \u3002
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1a TVXQ have released their first single "HUG" (\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f20\u5355\u66f2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u4e3a\u5355\u66f2\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u5f00\u7b7e\u5531\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0a\u7535\u53f0\uff0c\u4e0a\u8282\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5f20\u5355\u66f2\u5c3d\u5fc3\u5c3d\u529b\uff09\u3002
2\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u5982\uff1ayesterday\u8fde\u7528\uff1b\u5f3a\u8c03\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f,\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u65e0\u5173\uff1b\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df2\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528,\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c.
\u4f8b\uff1aHe saw the film last night. (\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6,\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u6628\u665a\u770b\u8fc7\u90a3\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\u4e86,\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u8fd8\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u6b21)\u3002
He has (ever) seen the film before.\uff08\u73b0\u5728\\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6,\u8868\u65f6\u4ed6\u5df2\u770b\u8fc7\u90a3\u90e8\u7535\u5f71,\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u60f3\u518d\u770b\u4e86\uff09\u3002
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599
\u7528\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u53e5\u578b\uff1a
1\u3001It is the first / second time?. that?\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u3002
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2\u3001This is the? that?\u7ed3\u6784,that \u4ece\u53e5\u8981\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u3002
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u3002
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u542c\u4ed6\u5531\u6b4c\u3002
3\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u4e0e\u51c6\u786e\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\uff08\u5982\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff09\u5982\uff1ayesterday(morning/afternoon),last(morning\u3001afternoon\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4e0efor,since\u8fde\u7528\u3001
4\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u540c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\u5982already\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\u4e2d\uff09\u3001yet\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u53e5\u672b\uff09\u3001just\u3001before\u3001recently\u3001still\u3001lately\u3001never\u7b49\u3002
He has already obtained a scholarship.\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u4e45\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\uff08\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\uff09\u3002
表示(1)目前已经完成的动作,或(2)刚刚完成的动作,也可以表示(3)从过去某一刻发生,现在仍然延续着的动作或情况.这个时态强调动作对现在的影响.
The conference has lasted for five days.会议已经开了五天.
He has just bought an unusual car.他刚刚买到一辆不一般的小轿车.
当句子中出现表示到现在为止这段时间的状语时,谓语动词一般用现在完成时:这类状语有：up to now,up till now,so far,these days,this summer,for 后面接一段时间的短语或 since 等:
We haven’t seen each other again since we graduated in 1987.1987年毕业后我们就一直没见面.
Up till now we have established ten projects.到目前为止我们共上了十个项目.
So far they have only learned the first three chapters.到现在为止他们只学了前三章.
We haven’t had much rain this summer.今年夏天没下多少雨.
一般过去时：
一般过去时表示(1)过去某个特定时间发生,并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）,也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作.一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去.
I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱丽亚说了几句话.(1)
He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子,烟抽得可凶了.(2)
一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如：yesterday,last week,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等.
句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响.
Have you had your lunch?你吃过午饭了吗?（意思是说你现在不饿吗?）
Yes,I have.是的,我已经吃过了.（意思是说已经吃饱了,不想再吃了.）
When did you have it?你是什么时候吃的?（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时.）
I had it about ten minutes ago.我是大约十分钟以前吃的.
Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作.
I used to work fourteen hours a day.过去常常一天干十四个小时.
现在完成时 表示到现在为止已完成或仍在持续的动作、状态；强调对现在的影响、联系，或表示经历、经验即用过去发生的动作来说明现在的情况。
它的构成是: have或has+动词过去分词。
例子：He has called Tom.（他给汤姆打了电话了。）
一般过去式是用来表达动词的“过了”、“完了”，“结束了”等意思，表示过去的动作和状态。
它的构成是动词的过去式。
例子：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。）
绛旓細2銆涓鑸繃鍘绘椂涓庡叿浣撶殑琛ㄧず杩囧幓鏃堕棿鐘惰濡傦細yesterday杩炵敤锛涘己璋冨姩浣滃湪杩囧幓鍙戠敓,涓庣幇鍦ㄦ棤鍏筹紱鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌鑷凡鐨勭壒寰佽瘝杩炵敤,寮鸿皟杩囧幓鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣滃鐜板湪鐨勫奖鍝嶆垨杩囧幓寮濮嬪彂鐢熶竴鐩存寔缁埌鐜板湪鐨勫姩浣.渚嬶細He saw the film last night. (杩囧幓鏃,琛ㄧず浠栨槰鏅氱湅杩囬偅閮ㄧ數褰变簡,鐜板湪涓嶇煡杩樿涓嶈鍐嶇湅涓娆)銆侶e has...
绛旓細鍏充簬鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺拰涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨鍖哄埆锛鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃惰繖涓緢澶氫汉杩樹笉鐭ラ亾锛屼粖澶╂潵涓哄ぇ瀹惰В绛斾互涓婄殑闂锛岀幇鍦ㄨ鎴戜滑涓璧锋潵鐪嬬湅鍚э紒1銆佺幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂琛ㄧず鍒拌璇濇椂涓烘锛堟垨鍒扮幇鍦ㄤ负姝級宸茬粡鍙戠敓鎴栧畬鎴愪簡锛堜笉涓瀹氱粨鏉燂級鐨勫姩浣滄垨鐘舵併2銆佸熀鏈粨鏋勶細涓昏+have/has+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝(done) 鈶犺偗瀹氬彞锛氫富璇+have/has+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝+...
绛旓細He visited Guilin in 1998.浠1998骞村弬瑙傝繃妗傛灄.(鍙鏄庡幓妗傛灄鐨勬椂闂)2.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘,瀵圭幇鍦ㄩ犳垚浜嗗奖鍝嶆垨浜х敓浜嗙粨鏋.涓嶄笌纭畾鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂寸姸璇繛鐢.濡傦細Jill has bought a new computer.鍚夊皵涔颁簡涓鍙版柊鐢佃剳.锛堢潃閲嶇偣鏄幇鍦ㄦ湁浜嗕竴鍙版柊鐢佃剳锛3.涓ょ鏃舵佺殑鍖哄垎 锛1锛涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勮皳璇...
绛旓細鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨鍖哄埆 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鏄腑瀛﹁嫳璇腑鐢ㄦ硶鏋佷负鐏垫椿鐨勪袱绉嶆椂鎬侊紝瀹冧滑灞炰簬涓嶅悓鏃堕棿鐨勪袱绉鏃舵侊紝鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺睘浜鐜板湪鏃舵鐨勮寖鐣达紝鑰屼竴鑸繃鍘绘椂灞炰簬杩囧幓鏃舵佺殑鑼冪暣銆備娇鐢ㄦ椂搴旀敞鎰忓畠浠殑鍖哄埆锛1. 鏋勬垚褰㈠紡涓嶅悓锛氱幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨勫姩璇嶅舰寮忎负锛氣渉ave (has)+鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇嶁濓細鑰屼竴鑸繃鍘...
绛旓細2銆鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘伙紝瀵圭幇鍦ㄩ犳垚浜嗗奖鍝嶆垨浜х敓浜嗙粨鏋滐紝涓嶄笌纭畾鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂寸姸璇繛鐢紝濡傦細Jill has bought a new computer.鍚夊皵涔颁簡涓鍙版柊鐢佃剳锛岀潃閲嶇偣鏄幇鍦ㄦ湁浜嗕竴鍙版柊鐢佃剳銆3銆佷袱绉鏃舵佺殑鍖哄垎 涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶇敤杩囧幓寮,鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨勮皳璇熀鏈瀯鎴愭槸鍔╁姩璇嶅姞杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝锛涗竴鑸繃鍘绘椂閫氬父...
绛旓細鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌涓鑸繃鍘诲紡鐨勫尯鍒 1.涓鑸繃鍘绘椂琛ㄧず杩囧幓鏌愪釜鏃堕棿鍙戠敓鐨勪簨銆佸瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵佹垨缁忓父鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣.璇磋瘽鐨勪晶閲嶇偣鍙湪浜庨檲杩颁竴浠惰繃鍘荤殑浜嬫儏,涓嶅己璋冨鈥滅幇鍦ㄢ濅骇鐢熺殑褰卞搷.濡傦細He visited Guilin in 1998.浠1998骞村弬瑙傝繃妗傛灄.(鍙鏄庡幓妗傛灄鐨勬椂闂)2.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃惰〃绀哄姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪杩囧幓,瀵圭幇鍦ㄩ犳垚浜嗗奖鍝嶆垨浜х敓...
绛旓細鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨鍖哄埆 1. 涓鑸繃鍘绘椂琛ㄧず杩囧幓鏌愪釜鏃堕棿鍙戠敓鐨勪簨銆佸瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵佹垨缁忓父鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣溿傝璇濈殑渚ч噸鐐瑰彧鍦ㄤ簬闄堣堪涓浠惰繃鍘荤殑浜嬫儏锛屼笉寮鸿皟瀵光滅幇鍦ㄢ濅骇鐢熺殑褰卞搷銆傚锛欻e visited Guilin in 1998.浠1998骞村弬瑙傝繃妗傛灄銆(鍙鏄庡幓妗傛灄鐨勬椂闂)2. 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃惰〃绀哄姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪杩囧幓锛屽鐜板湪閫犳垚浜嗗奖鍝...
绛旓細銆愭敞銆戣繃鍘瀹屾垚鏃跺拰涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨鍖哄埆 涓よ呴兘琛ㄧず杩囧幓鐨勫姩浣滐紝浣嗘槸涓鑸繃鍘绘椂琛ㄧず鐨勬槸鐩稿浜鐜板湪鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂达紝鑰岃繃鍘诲畬鎴愭椂琛ㄧず鐨勬槸鐩稿浜庤繃鍘绘煇涓鏃跺埢鐨勮繃鍘伙紝鍗宠繃鍘荤殑杩囧幓銆傛敞鎰忎笉瑕佸湪鏃犺繃鍘荤浉瀵规椂闂寸殑鍙ュ瓙閲岃鐢ㄨ繃鍘诲畬鎴愭椂锛屼篃涓嶈鍦ㄦ湁杩囧幓鐩稿鏃堕棿鐨勫彞瀛愰噷璇敤杩囧幓鏃躲備緥濡傦細閿欒锛歍hey had finished ...
绛旓細1. 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺拰涓鑸繃鍘绘椂閮借〃绀哄湪杩囧幓瀹屾垚鐨勫姩浣, 浣嗙幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂寮鸿皟杩欎竴鍔ㄤ綔涓庣幇鍦ㄧ殑鍏崇郴, 濡傚鐜板湪浜х敓鐨勭粨鏋溿佸奖鍝嶇瓑锛岃屼竴鑸繃鍘绘椂鍒欒〃绀哄姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪杩囧幓锛涓鑸笉琛ㄧず鍜岀幇鍦ㄧ殑鍏崇郴銆傝瘯姣旇緝锛氣憼 Who has opened the door?璋佹妸闂ㄥ紑浜嗭紵锛堢幇鍦ㄩ棬杩樺紑鐫锛塛ho opened the door? 璋佸紑鐨勯棬锛 (鎸...
绛旓細1.鎰忎箟涓婄殑鍖哄埆 涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鎬鍙槸鍗曠函鍦拌〃绀鸿繃鍘绘煇涓鏃堕棿鍙戠敓杩囩殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栬呭瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵,鍜岀幇鍦ㄦ病鏈変换浣曡仈绯,鍙潃鐪间簬杩囧幓.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃舵閲嶇偣寮鸿皟涓庣幇鍦ㄧ殑鑱旂郴,琛ㄧず杩囧幓鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣滃鐜板湪閫犳垚鐨勫奖鍝嶅拰缁撴灉,灞炰簬鐜板湪鏃鐨勮寖鐣.璇曟瘮杈冧笅鍒椾緥鍙:I have washed my shoes .鎴戝埛杩囬瀷浜.寮鸿皟鐨勬槸杩囧幓鐨勬煇涓鏃堕棿鍙戠敓...
