为什么∫∫∫x dv的被积函数是关于x的奇函数?积分域是x²+y²+z²≤r²,xyz都大于等于0 高中数学题, 已知x+2y=1,则x^2+y^2的最小值是 ...

\u6c42\u65e0\u7a77\u79ef\u5206\u662f\u5426\u6536\u655b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48lim a\u2192+\u221e \u222b_1^a_ 1/( (x^2)(1+x) ) dx=lim a\u2192+\u221e \u222b_1^a_ ( (-1/x)+

lim(a\u2192+\u221e) \u222b(1\u2192a) 1/[x²(1 + x)] dx
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) \u222b(1\u2192a) [x² - (x² - 1)]/[x²(1 + x)] dx
\u8fd9\u6b65\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u7528\u5f85\u5b9a\u7cfb\u6570\u6cd5\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62c6\u89e3\u4e5f\u7b97\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u624d\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u719f\u7ec3\u5c31\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u3002
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) \u222b(1\u2192a) [1/(1 + x) - (x - 1)/x²] dx\uff0c\u5206\u5b50(x² - 1) = (x + 1)(x - 1)\u4e0e\u5206\u6bcd\u7ea6\u6389(1 + x)
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) \u222b(1\u2192a) [1/(1 + x) - 1/x + 1/x²] dx\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c42\u7ed3\u679c\u4e86
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) [ln((1 + x)/x) - 1/x] |[1\u2192a]
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) [ln((1 + a)/a) - 1/a] - [ln((1 + 1)) - 1]
= lim(a\u2192+\u221e) [ln(1/a + 1) - 1/a] - ln(2) + 1
= ln(0 + 1) - 0 - ln(2) + 1
= 1 - ln(2)
= ln(e/2)
\u5b9a\u79ef\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u6536\u655b\u3002

\u7528\u5f85\u5b9a\u7cfb\u6570\u6cd5\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a(\u9664\u975e\u9898\u76ee\u7279\u522b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5f0f\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a)
\u4ee41/[x²(1 + x)] = A/x² + B/x + C/(1 + x)\uff0c\u901a\u5206\u5f97
1[x²(1 + x)] = [A(1 + x) + Bx(1 + x) + Cx²]/[x²(1 + x)]\uff0c\u5373
1 = A(1 + x) + Bx(1 + x) + Cx²
1 = A + Ax + Bx + Bx² + Cx²
1 = (B + C)x² + (A + B)x + A
{ A = 1
{ A + B = 0
{ B + C = 0
B = - A = - 1
C = - B = 1
\u6240\u4ee51/[x²(1 + x)] = 1/x² - 1/x + 1/(1 + x)

\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\u5427\uff0c\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf7\u91c7\u7eb3\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u2606\u2312_\u2312\u2606

\u89e3\u6790\uff0c
x+2y=1\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c
x²+y²=(x-0)²+(y-0)²\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u539f\u70b9\u5230\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4efb\u610f\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5e73\u5206\u3002
\u8981\u6c42x²+y²\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6c42\u5c31\u539f\u70b9\u5230\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4efb\u610f\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u5206\uff0c
\u539f\u70b9\u5230\u76f4\u7ebf\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u5c31\u662fd=1/\u221a5
\u6545\uff0c(x²+y²)(mix)=d²=1/5

被积函数f(x,y,z)=x
f(–x,y,z)=–x=–f(x,y,z)
如果积分域中x的取值关于原点对称,那么被积函数是关于x的奇函数,∫∫∫ xdv为零
而这里题目明确x≥0,那么结果必然大于零的。

解答此题可以转化为球坐标系
x=ρcosθsinφ
y=ρsinθsinφ
z=ρcosφ
θ∈[0,π/2]
φ∈[0,π/2]
ρ∈[0,r]
∫∫∫xdv
=∫(0,π/2) dθ∫(0,π/2) dφ∫(0,r) ρ³cosθsin²φdρ
=sinθ|(0,π/2) ·∫(0,π/2) (1–cos2φ)/2 dφ∫(0,r) ρ³dρ
=1/2 (φ–1/2 sin2φ)|(0,π/2) ·1/4 ρ^4|(0,r)
=π/4·1/4 r^4
=1/16 ·πr^4

x都大于0了,就不可能是奇函数了,奇函数定义域必须关于0对称

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