have得用法have的用法有哪些，什么情况 have 共有几种用法 用法是什么have 共有
have\u5f97\u7528\u6cd5 一、have + 宾语 + 不定式该结构中have的基本意思是“有”，其主要用法有：
1. 表示有某事要做，其中的不 定式为定语。如：
She didn’t have the courage to refuse. 她没有勇气拒绝。
Birds have the instinct to learn to fly. 鸟有飞的本能(from www.nmet168.com)。
We have every reason to think he may still be alive. 我们有充分理由认为他可能还活着。
2. 表示因为有A结果发生了B，其中的不定式为结果状语。如：
I had the luck to find him at home. 我真幸运，找他时他正在家。They had the misfortune to be hit by a violent storm. 他们不幸遇上了猛烈的风暴。
二、have + 宾语 + 动词原形
该结构中的动词原形，实为省略了to的不定式，用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有：
1. 表示叫(请、使 、让)某人做某事。如：
He had his son clean the car. 他叫他的儿子擦车。
I’ll have the gardener plant some trees. 我要让园丁种些树。
Don’t interrupt her：let her have her say. 别打断她的话，让她把意见说出来。
2. 表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 won’t, can’t连用)。如：
I won’t have you tell me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的 事指手划脚。
三、have + 宾语 + 现在分词
该结构 中的现在分词用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有：
1. 表示使(让)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或处于做某事的状态之中。如：
She had her audience listening attentively. 她使听众听得入神(from www.nmet168.com)。
Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。
The film had us all sitting on the edges of our seats with excitement. 这部影片让我们大家激动不已。
2. 表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 won’t, can’t连用)。如：
He won’t have boys arriving late. 他不允许孩子们迟到。
I won’t have you smoking at your age. 我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。
I hate to have m y boss standing over me. 我不喜欢上司监督我。
3. 说服或命令某人做某事。如：
He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我为她做各种事情。
注：have difficult doing sth是英语中一个很有用的句式，其中的have表示“有”，
We had the greatest diffi culty imaginable getting here in tim e. 我们为了及时赶到此地，经历了可能想见的最大的困难。
四、have + 宾语 + 过去分词
该结构中的过去分词用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的最大特点就是，其中的过去分词与其 前的宾语有被动关系。具体说来，该结构有以下主要用法：
1. 表示请(让)别人做某事。如：
We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器(from www.nmet168.com)。
She’s gone into hospita l to have her appe ndix taken out. 她已住院去切除阑尾。
What beautiful curls — why do you want to have them cut off? 你那鬈发多漂亮啊——为什么要剪掉呢?
注：有时指无意志的行为。如：
He had his salary raised. 他加薪了。
2. 表示经历或遭遇某情况。如：
He had his finger cut. 他的手指弄伤了。
I h ad my w atch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。
3. 表示主动地完成某动作或解决某事。如：
I’ve had all my mistak es corrected. 我已把所有的错误都改正过来了。
You should understand the traffic r ule by now. You’ve had it explained often enough 到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了，已经给你解释得够多了。(2005天津卷)
I have had everything prepared beforehand. 我已事先把一切都准备好了。
Paul’s mother had him adopted because she couldn’t look after him herself. 保罗的母亲因为自己无力抚养他，便将他送给别人收养了(from www.nmet168.com)。
4. 表示容忍或允许做某事(用于否定句，尤与 won’t, can’t 等连用)。如：
We won’t have anything said against the Party. 我们不允 许有人这 样攻击党。
注意，下面一句中的worried可视为形容词，而非过去分词：
The news had me worried. 我 听了这消 息十分不安。
have用法小结
一、have作实意动词。
1.表示“有”的意思。
Look, I have wings, just like you.
He had fair hair and blue eyes.
〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。
〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用have got代替have.
Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too.
I haven't got any jewelry.
2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：
(1)一种活动。
We have no classes on Sunday.（上课）
they’re going to have a volleyball match.（举行比赛）
Are we going to have a meeting this week?（开会）
We are going to have a talk this afternoon.（听报告）
(2)患病。
I have got a headache.
I have a bad cold.
(3)发生的情况。
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.（跌跤）(JBⅣL10)
(4)生育。
The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.
3.和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。
Are you going to have a swim.
I have a long talk with the teacher.
4.have on sth.或have sth. on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。
I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.
At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.
5.表示“吃”、“喝”。
I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.
Does she have lunch at home?
6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.)，表示让、叫某人做某事。
The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.
We won't have you blame it on others.
She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing)，表示让（使）某人做某事。
…the two men had their lights burning all night long….
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done)，表示：
①使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.
…he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.
②遭遇到某事。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.
二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必
须”，可用于各种时态。
I have to look after her at home.
三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时
和过去完成时。
Great changes have taken place the last two years.
They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.
四、have用于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的结构，有 推测、假设之意。
1.must＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。
Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.
You must have left your bag in the theatre.
2.can(could)＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。
He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.
3.should＋have＋过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”，用于肯定句。
You should have been here five minutes ago.
五、have用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。
1.have a word(a few words)with sb.，表示和某人说一（几）句话。
Where's Peter? I want to have a word with him.
2.had better＋不带to的动词不定式，表示“…最好…”。
I'd better go and look for him now.
3.have nothing(something)to do with，表示“和…无（有）”关系。
Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison's lessons.
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