常用的标准热电偶有几种?试简述其分度号和主要特点。 K，E，J，T等几种分度号热电偶各自具备哪些特点
S\u3001R\u3001B\u3001N\u3001K\u3001E\u3001J\u3001T\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5404\u81ea\u5177\u5907\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\uff1f\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7684\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u6709S\u3001R\u3001B\u3001N\u3001K\u3001E\u3001J\u3001T\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u3002
\u3000\u3000S\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9:
\u3000\u3000\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u5f3a\uff0c\u5b9c\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u3001\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea61400\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f1600\u2103\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e2d\uff0cS\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u7b49\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076;
\u3000\u3000R\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u4e0eS\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u76f8\u6bd4\u9664\u70ed\u7535\u52a8\u52bf\u592715%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u6027\u80fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c;B\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u70ed\u7535\u52a8\u52bf\u6781\u5c0f\uff0c\u6545\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u65f6\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528\u8865\u507f\u5bfc\u7ebf\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1600\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f1800\u2103\u3002\u53ef\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u6216\u4e2d\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u77ed\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\u3000\u3000N\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9:
\u3000\u30001300\u2103\u4e0b\u9ad8\u6e29\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\uff0c\u70ed\u7535\u52a8\u52bf\u7684\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53ca\u77ed\u671f\u70ed\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u590d\u73b0\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u8010\u6838\u8f90\u7167\u53ca\u8010\u4f4e\u6e29\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u90e8\u5206\u4ee3\u66ffS\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u70ed\u7535\u5076;
\u3000\u3000K\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9;
\u3000\u3000\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u5f3a\uff0c\u5b9c\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u3001\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea61000\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f1200\u2103\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb;
\u3000\u3000E\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9:
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5e38\u7528\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u70ed\u7535\u52a8\u52bf\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u5373\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u3002\u5b9c\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u3001\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea60-800\u2103;
\u3000\u3000J\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9:
\u3000\u3000\u65e2\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b(\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650750\u2103)\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b(\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650950\u2103)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8010H2\u53caCO\u6c14\u4f53\u8150\u8680\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u70bc\u6cb9\u53ca\u5316\u5de5;
\u3000\u3000T\u5206\u5ea6\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9:
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5ec9\u91d1\u5c5e\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e2d\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u7b49\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf300\u2103\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002
\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u5e38\u7528\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u548c\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6240\u8c13\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u662f\u6307\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5176\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5141\u8bb8\u8bef\u5dee\u3001\u5e76\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u5ea6\u8868\u7684\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e0e\u5176\u914d\u5957\u7684\u663e\u793a\u4eea\u8868\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u7528\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u4e0a\u5747\u4e0d\u53ca\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5206\u5ea6\u8868\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u5408\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6807\u51c6\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u6211\u56fd\u4ece1988\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u548c\u70ed\u7535\u963b\u5168\u90e8\u6309IEC\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9aS\u3001B\u3001E\u3001K\u3001R\u3001J\u3001T\u4e03\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002
\u3000
S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d110-\u94c2\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09
\u3000\u3000S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d110-\u94c2\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09\u4e3a\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002\u5076\u4e1d\u76f4\u5f84\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a0.5mm\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u504f\u5dee-0.015mm
\u3000\u3000S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5176\u6b63\u6781\uff08SP\uff09\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e3a\u94c2\u94d1\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u94d1\u4e3a10%\uff0c\u542b\u94c2\u4e3a90%\uff0c\u8d1f\u6781\uff08SN\uff09\u4e3a\u7eaf\u94c2\uff0c\u6545\u4fd7\u79f0\u5355\u94c2\u94d1\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002
\u3000\u3000S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u957f\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1300\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1600\u2103\u3002
\u3000\u3000S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5728\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u6d4b\u6e29\u6e29\u533a\u5bbd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u957f\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53ca\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u597d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u548c\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8eS\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u6807\u7684S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u66fe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u6e29\u6807\u7684\u5185\u63d2\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u201cITS-90\u201d\u867d\u89c4\u5b9a\u4eca\u540e\u4e0d\u518d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u6e29\u6807\u7684\u5185\u63d2\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u56fd\u9645\u6e29\u5ea6\u54a8\u8be2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08CCT\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3aS\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4ecd\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fd\u9645\u6e29\u6807\u3002
\u3000\u3000S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u7387\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff0c\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c61\u67d3\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u6602\u8d35\u3002
R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d113-\u94c2\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09
\u3000\u3000R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d113-\u94c2\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09\u4e3a\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002\u5076\u4e1d\u76f4\u5f84\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a0.5mm\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u504f\u5dee-0.015mm\u3002
\u3000\u3000R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u6b63\u6781\uff08RP\uff09\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e3a\u94c2\u94d1\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u94d1\u4e3a13%\uff0c\u542b\u94c2\u4e3a87%\uff0c\u8d1f\u6781\uff08RN\uff09\u4e3a\u7eaf\u94c2\u3002
\u3000\u3000R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u957f\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1300\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1600\u2103\u3002
\u3000\u3000R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5728\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u6d4b\u6e29\u6e29\u533a\u5bbd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u957f\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53ca\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u597d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u548c\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8eR\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u80fd\u4e0eS\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u96be\u4e8e\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u9664\u5728\u8fdb\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4b\u6e29\u6709\u6240\u5e94\u7528\u5916\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u6d4b\u6e29\u5f88\u5c11\u91c7\u7528\u30021967\u5e74\u81f31971\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u82f1\u56fdNPL\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fdNBS\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927NRC\u4e09\u5927\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u5408\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cR\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u590d\u73b0\u6027\u6bd4S\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5747\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u5f00\u5c55\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002
\u3000\u3000R\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u7387\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff0c\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c61\u67d3\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u6602\u8d35\u3002
B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d130-\u94c2\u94d16\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09
\u3000\u3000B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94c2\u94d130-\u94c2\u94d16\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09\u4e3a\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002\u5076\u4e1d\u76f4\u5f84\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a0.5mm\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u504f\u5dee-0.015mm\u3002
\u3000\u3000B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u6b63\u6781\uff08BP\uff09\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e3a\u94c2\u94d1\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u94d1\u4e3a30%\uff0c\u542b\u94c2\u4e3a70%\uff0c\u8d1f\u6781\uff08BN\uff09\u4e3a\u94c2\u94d1\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u542b\u94d1\u4e3a\u91cf6%\uff0c\u6545\u4fd7\u79f0\u53cc\u94c2\u94d1\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3002
\u3000\u3000B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u957f\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1600\u2103\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a1800\u2103\u3002
\u3000\u3000B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u5728\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u6d4b\u6e29\u6e29\u533a\u5bbd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u957f\uff0c\u6d4b\u6e29\u4e0a\u9650\u9ad8\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u548c\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u77ed\u671f\u7528\u4e8e\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u6c14\u6c1b\u6216\u542b\u6709\u91d1\u5c5e\u6216\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u84b8\u6c14\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u3002
\u3000\u3000B\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u7528\u8865\u507f\u5bfc\u7ebf\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u57280~50\u2103\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u70ed\u7535\u52bf\u5c0f\u4e8e3\u03bcV\u3002
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T\u578b\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08\u94dc-\u94dc\u954d\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff09
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热电偶名称 分度号 测量温度范围
铂铑30－铂铑6 B 0～1600℃（短期内可用到1800℃）
铂铑10－铂 S 0～1300℃（短期内可用到1600℃）
镍铬－镍硅 K -200～1200℃（短期内可用到1800℃）
镍铬－康铜 E -200～750℃（短期内可用到900℃）
铜－康铜 T -200～350℃（短期内可用到400℃）
镍铬硅－镍硅镁 N -200～1300℃（短期内可用到1800℃）
在分度号S、K、E三种热电偶中，100℃时的电势最大、最小值
100℃时，分度号S的热电势为0.645mV。
100℃时，分度号K的热电势为4.095mV。
100℃时，分度号E的热电势为6.317mV。
100℃时，分度号N的热电势为2.774mV。
所以E热电势最大，K次之，S最小。
标准热电偶有标准铂铑10-铂热电偶（S）、标准铂铑13-铂热电偶（R）、标准铂铑30-铂热电偶（B）
主要特点：S、R相对于B来说，其使用的温度范围要低些；因为都是标准的，故其温度复现性都比较好
常用的有如下几种：
分度号：S 铂铑10-铂，长期使用温度1300℃，短期1600℃
B 铂铑30-铂铑6：长期1600 ℃短期1800
K 镍铬-镍硅 使用温度-200℃-1300℃
E 镍铬-康铜 使用温度-200℃-900 ℃
R 铂铑13-铂 温度范围和B型相同
以上是常用的几种，还有不怎么常用的：J（铁-铜镍）WRe3-WRe25(钨铼3-钨铼25) N(镍铬硅-镍铬)
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