英语初二上学期语法 初二英语上半学期要掌握的语法有哪些
\u521d\u4e8c\u4e0a\u5b66\u671f\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1f\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e13\u9879I
I. \u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8eab\u8fb9\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79f0\u547c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u6765\u79f0\u547c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8bcd\u5c31\u662f\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u6982\u62ec\u6765\u8bf4\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u73b0\u8c61\u7b49\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u8bcd\u90fd\u53eb\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
\u4e00. \u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1a\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u666e\u901a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u540d\u8bcd\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
1. \u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u56e2\u4f53\u3001\u673a\u6784\u7b49\u7279\u6709\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u524d\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u52a0\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002
A. \u8868\u793a\u4eba\u540d\uff1aLi Bai\uff0cMr Black\uff0cDoctor Zhang
B. \u8868\u793a\u5730\u540d\uff1aChina\uff0cLondon\uff0cZhong Guan Cun Street.
C. \u7531\u666e\u901a\u540d\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\uff1athe Spring Festival, the Palace Museum.
2. \u666e\u901a\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u666e\u901a\u540d\u8bcd\u6307\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba\u6216\u4e1c\u897f\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u540d\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\u56db\u7c7b\u3002
A. \u4e2a\u4f53\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u67d0\u7c7b\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1astudent\uff0cteacher\uff0ccar.
B. \u96c6\u5408\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\uff1bfamily\uff0cpolice\uff0cpeople.
C. \u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u54c1\u8d28\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u7b49\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1amusic\uff0clove
D. \u7269\u8d28\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6216\u5b9e\u7269\uff1awater\uff0ctea\uff0cair
\u4e8c. \u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u6570\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u76ee\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u7269\u79f0\u4e3a\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7528\u590d\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u5355\u6570\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcda / an\uff0c\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570\u662f\u5728\u5355\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u201cs\u201d\u6216\u201ces\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570\u524d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcda / an\u3002
1. \u5355\u6570\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u524d\u52a0\u51a0\u8bcda\u6216an\u3002 eg\uff1aa book\uff0c a tree\uff0c a shark an octopus\uff0can apple\uff0can egg
2. \u590d\u6570\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u3001\u56db\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u5355\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a\u8bcd\u5c3e-s\u6216-es\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002
A. \u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u5316\u3002 a. \u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u540e\u52a0-s\u3002 books\uff0ccups\uff0cbeds\uff0cboys\uff0chorses
b. \u4ee5s\uff0cx\uff0csh\uff0cch\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-es\uff0c\u8bfb|iz| buses\uff0cboxes\uff0cdishes\uff0cwatches
c. \u4ee5f\u6216fe\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u5148\u5c06f\u6216fe\u53d8\u6210v\uff0c\u518d\u52a0-es\uff0c\u8bfb|vz| half\u2014halves\uff0cknife\u2014knives
d. \u4ee5o\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-es\u6216-s\u3002 zoos\uff0cphotos\uff0cradios\uff0ctomatoes\uff0cpotatoes
e. \u4ee5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u52a0y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u5148\u5c06y\u6539\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0-es\u3002 cities\uff0cfamilies\uff0cbabies
B. \u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u5316\u3002 man\u2014men\uff0ctooth\u2014teeth\uff0cchild\u2014children\uff0csheep\u2014sheep
C. \u6709\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u53ea\u6709\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f clothes\uff0ctrousers\uff0cpants\uff0cglasses
3. \u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u91cf\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6570\u91cf\u8bcd\u3002 eg\uff1aa cup of coffee\uff0ca piece of paper\uff0cthree slices of bread
II. \u4e0d\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u5b66\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6709all\uff0cboth\uff0ceach\uff0cevery\uff0csome\uff0cany\uff0cmany\uff0cmuch\uff0c\uff08a\uff09few\uff0c\uff08a\uff09little\uff0ceither\uff0cneither\uff0cother\uff0canother\uff0cno\uff0cnone\u4ee5\u53ca\u542b\u6709some-\uff0cany-\uff0cno-\u7b49\u7684\u5408\u6210\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5927\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u548c\u5b9a\u8bed\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u526f\u8bcd\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u2460\u6784\u62101\uff0e\u4e00\u822c\u5355\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5-er\uff0c-ow\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53cc\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0-er\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0-est\uff1b
\u3000\u3000\uff081\uff09\u5355\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1asmall\u2192smaller\u2192smallest short\u2192shorter\u2192shortest
\u3000\u3000tall\u2192taller\u2192tallest great\u2192greater\u2192greatest
\u3000\u3000\uff082\uff09\u53cc\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aclever\u2192cleverer\u2192cleverest narrow\u2192narrower\u2192narrowest
\u3000\u30002\uff0e\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5355\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5728\u539f\u7ea7\u540e\u52a0-r\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5728\u539f\u7ea7\u540e\u52a0-st\uff1b
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1alarge\u2192larger\u2192largest nice\u2192nicer\u2192nicest able\u2192abler\u2192ablest
\u3000\u30003\uff0e\u5728\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\uff08\u5373\uff1a\u8f85\u97f3\uff0b\u5143\u97f3\uff0b\u8f85\u97f3\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u53cc\u5199\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u52a0-er\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u52a0-est\uff1b
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1abig\u2192bigger\u2192biggest hot\u2192hotter\u2192hottest fat\u2192fatter\u2192fattest
\u3000\u30004\uff0e\u4ee5\u201c\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0by\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53cc\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\uff0c \u628ay\u6539\u4e3ai\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u52a0-er\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u52a0-est\uff1b
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aeasy\u2192easier\u2192easiest heavy\u2192heavier\u2192heaviest
\u3000\u3000busy\u2192busier\u2192busiest happy\u2192happier\u2192happiest
\u3000\u30005\uff0e\u5176\u4ed6\u53cc\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\u548c\u591a\u97f3\u8282\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u5728\u524d\u9762\u52a0more\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5728\u524d\u9762\u52a0most\uff1b
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1abeautiful\u2192more beautiful\u2192most beautiful
\u3000\u3000different\u2192more different\u2192most different
\u3000\u3000easily\u2192more easily\u2192most easily
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u524d\u901a\u5e38\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd the\uff0c\u526f\u8bcd\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u524d\u53ef\u4e0d\u7528\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
\u3000\u3000\uff082\uff09 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcdmost\u524d\u9762\u6ca1\u6709the\uff0c\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u8868\u793a"\u975e\u5e38"\u3002
\u3000\u3000It is a most important problem.
\u3000\u3000=It is a very important problem.
\u3000\u30006\uff0e\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u548c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u662f\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u719f\u8bb0\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1agood\u2192better\u2192best well\u2192better\u2192best
\u3000\u3000bad\u2192worse\u2192worst ill\u2192worse\u2192worst
\u3000\u3000old\u2192older/elder\u2192oldest/eldest
\u3000\u3000many/much\u2192more\u2192most little\u2192less\u2192least
\u3000\u3000far \u2192further/farther\u2192 furthest/farthest\u2461\u7528\u6cd51\uff0e\u201cA + be +\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7 + than + B\u201d \u610f\u601d\u4e3a\u201cA\u6bd4B\u66f4\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aThis tree is taller than that one. \u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u6bd4\u90a3\u68f5\u6811\u9ad8\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u2460 \u5728\u542b\u6709\u8fde\u8bcdthan\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u7c7b\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2461\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u524d\u9762\u4f7f\u7528much\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201c\u5f3a\u5f97\u591a\u201d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aA watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
\u3000\u3000\u2462 very, quite\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u80fd\u4fee\u9970\u539f\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u9970\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u3002
\u3000\u30002\uff0e\u201c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7 + and + \u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u201d\u6216\u201cmore and more +\u539f\u7ea7\u201d\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u2026\u2026\u201d
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aIt becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
\u3000\u3000\u6625\u5929\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u5929\u6c14\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6696\u548c\u4e86\u3002
\u3000\u3000It is getting cooler and cooler.
\u3000\u3000\u5929\u6c14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u51c9\u723d\u3002
\u3000\u3000The wind became more and more heavily.
\u3000\u3000\u98ce\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u3002
\u3000\u3000Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7f8e\u4e3d\u3002
\u3000\u30003\uff0e\u5728\u542b\u6709or\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e24\u8005\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u8981\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aWho is taller,Tim or Tom? \u8c01\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0cTim\u8fd8\u662fTom?
\u3000\u30004. \u201cthe +\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u2026\u2026, the+\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8d8a\u2026\u2026\u8d8a\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002
\u3000\u3000The more money you make, the more you spend.
\u3000\u3000\u94b1\u4f60\u8d5a\u5f97\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u82b1\u5f97\u8d8a\u591a\u3002
\u3000\u3000The sooner\uff0cthe better.
\u3000\u3000\u8d8a\u5feb\u8d8a\u597d\u3002
\u3000\u30005. \u8868\u793a\u500d\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u2460. A is \u2026times the size /height/length/width of B.
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aThe new building is three times the height of the old one.
\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u5ea7\u65b0\u697c\u6bd4\u90a3\u5ea7\u65e7\u697c\u9ad8\u4e09\u500d\u3002(\u65b0\u697c\u662f\u65e7\u697c\u7684\u56db\u500d\u9ad8)
\u3000\u3000\u2461. A is \u2026times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aAsia is four times as large as Europe.
\u3000\u3000\u4e9a\u6d32\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u56db\u500d\u5927\u3002(\u4e9a\u6d32\u6bd4\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u4e09\u500d)
\u3000\u3000\u2462. A is \u2026times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aOur school is twice bigger than yours.
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u6821\u6bd4\u4f60\u4eec\u5b66\u6821\u5927\u4e24\u500d\u3002
\u3000\u30006.\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e09\u8005\u6216\u4e09\u8005\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6700\u2026\u2026\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6709\u8868\u793a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u8bcd\u6216\u77ed\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1aof the three, in our class\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aHe is the tallest in our class.
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u73ed\u91cc\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u30007."\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\u8bed+\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7"\uff0c"\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\u8bed+ so\u2026 as"\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u793a\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u542b\u4e49\u3002
\u3000\u3000Nothing is so easy as this.
\u3000\u3000=Nothing is easier than this.
\u3000\u3000=This is the easiest thing.
\u3000\u30008. \u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u4e0e\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a
\u3000\u3000Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
\u3000\u3000Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class
\u3000\u30007.\u4fee\u9970\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u548c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8bcd
\u3000\u30001\uff09\u53ef\u4fee\u9970\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u7684\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000\u2460.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2461. \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8868\u793a\u500d\u6570\u7684\u8bcd\u6216\u5ea6\u91cf\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2462. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8bcd(\u9664by far)\u5916\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6216\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a \u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5c06\u4e3b\u8bed\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002
\u3000\u3000(\u9519) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
\u3000\u3000(\u5bf9) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
\u3000\u30002)\u4e0b\u5217\u8bcd\u53ef\u4fee\u9970\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\uff1aby far, far, much, mostly, almost\u3002
\u3000\u3000This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\u3000\u3000a. very\u53ef\u4fee\u9970\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0emuch\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
\u3000\u3000This is the very best.
\u3000\u3000This is much the best.
\u3000\u3000b. \u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4fee\u9970\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u3002
\u3000\u3000Africa is the second largest continent.
\u3000\u30008.\u8981\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7\u3002
\u3000\u3000(\u9519) He is more cleverer than his brother.
\u3000\u3000(\u5bf9) He is more clever than his brother.
\u3000\u3000(\u5bf9) He is cleverer than his brother.
\u3000\u30009.\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u4e3b\u8bed\u542b\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002
\u3000\u3000(\u9519) China is larger that any country in Asia.
\u3000\u3000(\u5bf9) China is larger than any other country in Asia.
\u3000\u300010.\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5bf9\u5e94\u53e5\u578b\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u524d\u540e\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002
\u3000\u3000The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
\u3000\u3000It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
\u3000\u300011.\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u51a0\u8bcd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1aWhich is larger, Canada or Australia?
\u3000\u3000Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
\u3000\u3000She is taller than her two sisters.
\u3000\u3000She is the taller of the two sisters.\u4e8c\u3001\u8fde\u8bcdbut and or \u8868\u793a\u5e76\u5217\u7528and \u8868\u793a\u8f6c\u6298\u7528but \u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9\u7528or\u4e09\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7ecf\u5178\u8bed\u53e5\uff1aIf it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
\u3000\u3000If you open the door\uff0ci will come in.
\u3000\u3000\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b,\u4f1a\u2026\u2026\u201d
\u3000\u3000\u5e38\u7528if ,in case , on condition\u7b49\u8bcd\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc
\u3000\u3000\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\u4e3b\u8981\u6709 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing \u7b49\u3002.
\u3000\u3000\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0cif\u6216unless\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u56fa\u5b9a\u642d\u914d\uff1aunless = if...not.\u3000
\u3000\u3000e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
\u3000\u3000If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
\u3000\u3000if \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u548c\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e24\u79cd:
\u3000\u3000\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff0c
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aIf it rains tomorrow, we won\u2019t go on a picnic.
\u3000\u3000\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u662f\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
\u3000\u3000If I were you, I would go with him.
\u3000\u3000so/as long as\u53ea\u8981
\u3000\u3000\u7531as (so) long as, in case\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002
\u3000\u3000So long as you\u2019re happy, it doesn\u2019t matter what you do.
\u3000\u3000\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u9ad8\u5174\uff0c\u4f60\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u3000\u3000You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
\u3000\u3000\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u4fdd\u6301\u4e66\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u7684\u4e66\u501f\u53bb\u3002
\u3000\u3000Take your umbrella in case it rains.
\u3000\u3000\u5e26\u7740\u4f60\u7684\u4f1e\u5427\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u4e0b\u96e8\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff08because\u548cbecause of\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff09 because+\u53e5\u5b50 because of+\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed/\u540d\u8bcd\u4e94\u3001\u4e94\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u5f0f 1\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8c13\u8bed\uff08S+V\uff09 2\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8c13\u8bed+\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08S+V+DO\uff09 3\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd+\u8868\u8bed\uff08S+V+P\uff09 4\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8c13\u8bed+\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed+\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08S+V+IO+DO\uff09 5\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8c13\u8bed+\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed+\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff08S+V+DO+OC\uff09\u516d\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u6784\u6210 1\u3001\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u76f4\u63a5+ly 2\u3001\u4ee5le\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd-e+y 3\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd-y+ily\u4e03\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6 \u2460\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a1.\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff08\u6b63\u5728\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aI was doing my homework at 9 p.m. last Sunday.
\u3000\u30002.\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c.
\u3000\u3000(1)\u7528while\u8fde\u63a5\uff08while\u53ea\u63a5doing\uff09\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u548c\u4ece\u53e5\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528while\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff09
\u3000\u3000\u4f8b:My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u6001\u4e00\u81f4)
\u3000\u3000(2\uff09when\u8868\u793a\uff08when\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5doing\u6216did\uff0cwhen\u540e\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\uff0c\u7528doing\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\uff0c\u7528did\uff09
\u3000\u3000\u4f8b:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(\u95f4\u63a5\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4)
\u3000\u30003.\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c
\u3000\u3000When he worked here, John was always making mistakes.
\u3000\u30004.\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c
\u3000\u3000She told us Mr.Lee was arriving here.
\u3000\u30005.\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u80cc\u666f
\u3000\u30006.\u8868\u793a\u793c\u8c8c
\u3000\u30007\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u5ef6\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f [\u7f16\u8f91\u672c\u6bb5]\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed \u3000\u3000this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
\u3000\u3000My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
\u3000\u3000It was raining when they left the station.
\u3000\u3000When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. [\u7f16\u8f91\u672c\u6bb5]\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898 \u3000\u3000(1) Mary _C_ a dress when she cut her finger.
\u3000\u3000A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
\u3000\u3000\u7b54\u6848C. \u5272\u4f24\u624b\u6307\u662f\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u3002\u540c \u65f6\uff0cwhen\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u6027\uff0c"\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u505a\u8863\u670d\u65f6"\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u3002
\u3000\u3000(2) As she _b__ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
\u3000\u3000A.read\uff1b was falling B. was reading\uff1b fell C. was reading\uff1b was falling D. read\uff1bfell
\u3000\u3000\u7b54\u6848C. \u53e5\u4e2d\u7684as = when, while\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a"\u5f53\u2026\u2026\u4e4b\u65f6"\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u53e5\u610f\u4e3a "\u5728\u5979\u770b\u62a5\u7eb8\u65f6\uff0c\u5976\u5976\u7761\u7740\u4e86\u3002"\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684 fell (fall\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6)\uff0c\u662f\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u540e\u8ddf\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982\uff1afall sick\u3002 \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5:\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u53e5\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4. What were they doing just now? \u4ed6\u4eec\u521a\u624d\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?\u2461\u53e5\u578b\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5=\u4e3b\u8bed(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+doing+\u5176\u5b83
\u3000\u3000\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5=\u4e3b\u8bed(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+not+doing+\u5176\u5b83
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u53ca\u7b54\u8bed=Was/Were+\u4e3b\u8bed(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+\u5176\u5b83 \u7b54\u8bed\uff1aYes,I was./No,I wasn't.
\u3000\u3000\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5=\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd+was/were+\u4e3b\u8bed(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+\u5176\u5b83
\u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6vs\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6
\u3000\u3000\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b
\u3000\u3000\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6210
\u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6210
\u3000\u3000p,s\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86
\u3000\u3000\u5982\uff1aHe played when I was studying.
\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000\u611f\u5b98\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1ahear,see,notice,feel,taste\u2026\u2026
\u3000\u3000\u8868\u793a\u6001\u5ea6\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1alike,love,hate\u2026\u2026
\u3000\u3000\u8868\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff1afeel,want,prefer\u2026\u2026
\u3000\u3000\u8868\u5360\u6709\uff1aown,have,\u2026\u2026
\u3000\u3000\u8868\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6301\u7eed\uff1alook,owe,be\u2026\u2026
\u3000\u3000when \u548cwhile\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u533a\u522b
\u3000\u3000\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u2460when\u662fat or during the time that, \u65e2\u6307\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u6307\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b
\u3000\u3000while\u662fduring the time that\uff0c\u53ea\u6307\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u800cwhile\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2461when \u8bf4\u660e\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5148\u540e\u53d1\u751f\uff1bwhile \u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6216\u4e3b\u4ece\u53e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2462\u7531when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4e24\u53e5\u90fd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u591a\u7528while\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
\u3000\u3000a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
\u3000\u3000\u5f53\u6b64\u53e5\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\uff1a
\u3000\u3000While we were talking, the teacher came in.
\u3000\u3000b They were singing while we were dancing.
（一）一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, theday after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is goingto rain.
will do 结构表示将来的用法：
1. 表示预见
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意图
I will borrow a book from our schoollibrary tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本构成如下：
一般疑问句构成：
（1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarahcome to visit me next Sunday?
（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there +be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won’t
否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑问句构成：
特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What willSarah do next Sunday?
★★练一练★★
根据例句，用will改写下列各句
例：I don’t feel well today.（be better tomorrow）
I’ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot ofhomework tonight）
_____________________________
2. I’m tired now. （sleep later）
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）
_____________________________
4. We can’t leave right now. （leave alittle later）
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. （be bettertomorrow）
_____________________________
答案：1. She’llhave a lot of homework tonight.
2. I’ll sleep later.
3. They’ll buy one soon.
4. We’ll leave a little later.
5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.
（二）should的用法：
should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.
例如：I think you should eatless junk food.
我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So Ithink she should walk a lot.
她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
Students shouldn’t spend too much timeplaying computer games.
学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
学习向别人提建议的几种句式：
（1）I think youshould…
（2）Well, youcould…
（3）Maybe youshould …
（4）Why don’t you…?
（5）What aboutdoing sth.?
（6）You’d betterdo sth.
★★练一练★★
用should或shouldn’t填空
1. I can’t sleep the night before exams.
You ______ take a warm shower before you goto bed.
2. Good friends ______ argue each other.
3. There is little milk in the glass. We_______ buy some.
4. They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______be friendlier.
5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I_______ do exercises every day.
答案：1. should 2. shouldn’t 3. should 4. should 5. should
（三）过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。
1. 构成
was /were + doing，例如：
I was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.
at 9 o’clock last night是时间点
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon是时间段
2. 过去进行时的标志词
at 8 o’clock last night, this timeyesterday等。例如：
I was having lunch at home this timeyesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.
那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）
★★练一练★★
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.
2. At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ____________（have）a party.
3. When I _____（come）into theclassroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.
4. She _____ ______（play）computer
games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday
afternoon.
5. I _____ ______（have）a shower whenyou _______（call）me yesterday.
答案：1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading
4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called
（四）间接引语
形成步骤：
（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号
（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）
（3）要考虑时态的变化
（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。
1. 直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律
直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时
2. 直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律
直接引语 1. am / is 2. are 3. have / has4. will5. can6. may间接引语1. was2. were 3. had4. would5. could6. might
★★练一练★★
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. She said I _____（be）hard-working.
2. Peter told me he _____（be）boredyesterday.
3. She said she _____（go）swimming lastSunday.
4. Bobby said he _____（may）call melater.
5. Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then.
答案：1. was 2. was 3.went 4. might 5. was reading
请转述他人说的话：
1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom）
2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy）
3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike）
4. I’m having a surprise party for Lana. （she）
（五）if引导的条件状语从句
结构：if＋一般现在时，主语＋将来时
含义：如果……，将要……
例如：If you askhim, he will help you.
如果你请求他，他会帮助你。
If need be, we’ll work all night.
如果需要，我们就干个通宵。
★★练一练★★
根据中文提示，完成句子。
1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。
If you ________ the party, you __________.
2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。
If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.
3. 如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。
If you often ________, you_________________.
答案：
1. If you go to the party, you will have agood time
2. If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to thepicnic
3. If you often listen to English songs,you’ll like English
二. 完形填空特点及解题思路
（一）题型分类与特点
完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保留的部分，从所给的短文整体出发，在正确理解短文意思的基础上，根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等，用适当的词或词语填空，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空，但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确，所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义适用和语法正确两条原则，只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类：完形填空选择题和完形填空题。
1. 完形填空选择题：该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格，对每一空格提供若干个选择项，要求考生通读短文后，在理解短文意思的基础上，运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识，从所提供的备选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当，字数在150－200个单词之内，多数设置10个左右空格，所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的第一句一般不设空，以期提供一个语境，对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类，给判定选择带来一定的干扰，侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。
2. 选词填空题：该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序，不按原文顺序排列，放在短文前面或后面的方框内，有时还增加几个文外的词，要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。
（A）
Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase （短语）“have a day
off”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother
is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of course,
you can. ”replied （答复）the teacher at once.
After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher’s door. “May I have a
day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very
surprised, “Didn’t you 6 it just now? ”“Yes, sir. But I can’t be
here 7 , either. ”The teacher understood
him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn’t
you say‘May I have two days off? ’”The boy answered quickly
9 a loud voice. “But you only 10 us‘have a day off! ’”
（ ）1. A. but B. and C. or D.for
（ ）2. A. thought hardly
B. thought hard and hard
C. hard thought
D. thought and thought
（ ）3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D.Mr
（ ）4. A. strike B. best C. hit D.knock
（ ）5. A. also B. again C. too D.once
（ ）6. A. speak B. tell C. say D.do
（ ）7. A. tomorrow
B. the day after tomorrow
C. yesterday
D. the day before yesterday
（ ）8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D.laughing
（ ）9. A. with B. on C. in D.by
（ ）10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D.were teaching
（B）
请根据内容从所给的15个单词中选出最恰当的10个填入空白处，使短文完整，有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。
than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love,composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what
A generation gap （代沟）has become a
serious problem. I read a _______（1）about it in
the newspaper. Some children have killed _______（2）after
quarrels （争吵）with parents. I think this is _______（3）they don’t
have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _______（4）time in the
office. _______（5）they don’t have much
time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _______（6）they don’t
have the same topics（话题）to talk about. I want to _______（7）parents to be
more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children,
show your feeling _______（8）your parents.
They are the people who _______（9）you. So tell
them your thoughts （想法）. In this way, you can have a better _______（10）of each
other.
完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是：
1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。
2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。
4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
完形填空试题的一般解题思路是：
1. 跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文主题及大意。
2. 复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。
3. 三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验，可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
（三）课文阅读指导
1. 初中阅读
阅读理解能力
（1）理解主旨要义
（2）理解文中具体信息
（3）根据上下文猜测生词的意义
（4）做出简单判断的推理
（5）理解文章的基本结构
（6）理解作者的意图和态度
2. 培养良好阅读习惯
（1）扩大视距
（2）克服声读
（3）克服逐字读
3. 猜测词文
（1）通过标题或主题句进行预测
（2）文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义，因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测，以便正确理解。
（3）通过语篇标记进行预测
（4）语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。
（5）利用背景知识预测
（6）利用图片进行预测
动词时态：进行时，将来时，过去式，过去将来时，完成时。
被动语态
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绛旓細1. It鈥檚 +褰㈠璇 + for sb. + to do sth.鍋氭煇浜嬪鏌愪汉鏉ヨ鏄︾殑銆侷t鈥檚 important to do sth. 鍋氭煇浜嬪緢閲嶈銆侷t鈥檚 important for me to eat a balanced diet. 骞宠 楗瀵规垜鏉ヨ鏄緢閲嶈鐨.It鈥檚 easy to do sth. 鍋氭煇浜嬫槸瀹规槗鐨勩侷t鈥檚 easy for us to find out the answer...
绛旓細鍒濅簩涓 1. so+璋撹+涓昏锛氣︿篃涓鏍. 璋撹:be鍔ㄨ瘝/鍔╁姩璇/鎯呮佸姩璇 2. so+涓昏+璋撹:鐨勭‘濡傛,鐪熺殑杩欐牱.3. help yourself/yurselves to锛庯紟锛庤闅忎究鍚冪偣锛庯紟锛4. 鍙戠幇sb鍋歴th : find sb doing sth 5. 涓嶅畬鍏ㄥ悓鎰廔 don鈥檛 really agree.瀹屽叏涓嶅悓鎰廔 really don鈥檛 agree.6. 鎴栬咃紟锛...
绛旓細涓銆佸舰瀹硅瘝/鍓瘝鐨勬瘮杈冪骇鍜屾渶楂樼骇 1銆佸舰瀹硅瘝/鍓瘝鐨勬瘮杈冪骇鍜屾渶楂樼骇鐨勬瀯鎴愯鍒 锛1锛夊崟闊宠妭璇嶅拰灏戞暟浠-er锛-ow缁撳熬鐨勫弻闊宠妭鍗曡瘝锛屾瘮杈冪骇鍦ㄥ悗闈㈠姞-er锛屾渶楂樼骇鍦ㄥ悗闈㈠姞-est銆傦紙2锛変互涓嶅彂闊砮缁撳熬鐨勫崟闊宠妭鍗曡瘝锛屾瘮杈冪骇鍦ㄥ師褰㈠悗鍔-r锛屾渶楂樼骇鍦ㄥ師绾у悗鍔-st銆傦紙3锛変互涓涓緟闊冲瓧姣嶇粨灏剧殑闂煶鑺傦紙鍗...
绛旓細1.褰㈠璇嶅拰鍓瘝鐨勬瘮杈冪骇 (1) 涓鑸湪褰㈠璇嶆垨鍓瘝鍚+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 澶氶煶鑺傝瘝鍓+more more interesting, etc.(3) 鍙屽啓鏈鍚庝竴涓瓧姣,鍐+er bigger fatter, etc.(4) 鎶妝鍙榠,鍐+er heavier, earlier (5) 涓嶈鍒欏彉鍖栵細well-better, much/many-more, etc.2.绁堜娇鍙...
绛旓細鍏勾绾т笂鍐岃嫳璇娉鐭ヨ瘑鐐规湁锛1銆佷互涓涓緟闊冲瓧姣嶇粨灏剧殑闂煶鑺傦紙鍗筹細杈呴煶锛嬪厓闊筹紜杈呴煶锛夊崟璇嶄腑锛屽厛鍙屽啓鏈熬鐨勮緟闊冲瓧姣嶏紝姣旇緝绾у姞锛峞r锛屾渶楂樼骇鍔狅紞est銆2銆佺郴鍔ㄨ瘝琛ㄧず鐘舵佹垨鐘舵佸彉鍖栫殑鍔ㄨ瘝锛屾病鏈夊疄闄呯殑鍔ㄤ綔鎰忎箟銆3銆佺郴鍔ㄨ瘝锛氳〃绀虹姸鎬佹垨鐘舵佸彉鍖栫殑鍔ㄨ瘝锛屾病鏈夊疄闄呯殑鍔ㄤ綔鎰忎箟銆4銆佸父鎺hat寮曞鐨勫璇粠鍙ョ殑...
绛旓細璇硶锛歎nit 1 How often do you exercise?Grammar: 鐗规畩鐤戦棶鍙ワ細wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom绛夈傜壒娈婄枒闂彞鐨勬瀯鎴愬強鐢ㄦ硶锛氱粨鏋勶細鐗规畩鐤戦棶璇+ 涓鑸枒闂彞锛 鍗筹細鐗规畩鐤戦棶璇+be/鍔╁姩璇/鎯呮佸姩璇+涓昏+璋撹/琛ㄨ锛+鍏朵粬锛夌枒闂唬璇嶏細1) Who:璋併傚仛涓昏锛岀敤鏉...
绛旓細How + 褰㈠璇嶆垨鍓瘝 + 涓昏 + 璋撹 !鍒濅簩涓婂鏈閲嶇偣璇硶 涓锛庡舰瀹硅瘝銆佸壇璇嶇殑姣旇緝绾у拰鏈楂樼骇 鍦ㄨ〃绀烘瘮杈冪殑鏃跺,浼氬嚭鐜颁笁绉嶆儏鍐碉細鍚岀骇姣旇緝,姣旇緝绾у拰鏈楂樼骇.鍚岀骇姣旇緝鐨勭粨鏋勬槸锛歛s...as...,鎰忔濇槸鈥溾︹﹀拰鈥︹︿竴鏍封.渚嬪锛欻e is as tall as his father.浠栧拰浠栫殑鐖朵翰涓鏍烽珮.He gets up as...
