求关于篮球、足球和羽毛球的介绍文（初一） 篮球，足球，羽毛球
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篮球：
篮球（basketball），是奥运会核心比赛项目，是以手为中心的对抗性体育运动；
篮球运动起源于美国。1891年12月21日，由美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德基督教青年会训练学校（现名为美国春田大学，Springfield College）体育教师詹姆士·奈史密斯发明。1896年，篮球运动传入中国；
1904年，圣路易斯奥运会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1936年，篮球在柏林奥运会中被列为正式比赛项目。1992年，巴塞罗那奥运会开始，职业选手可以参加奥运会篮球比赛；
主要的国际性篮球组织是成立于1932年总部设在瑞士日内瓦的国际篮球联合会。
足球：
足球，有“世界第一运动”的美誉，是全球体育界最具影响力的单项体育运动。标准的足球比赛由两队各派10名球员与1名守门员，共11人，在长方形的草地球场上对抗、进攻；
比赛目的是尽量将足球射入对方的球门内，每射入一球就可以得到一分，当比赛完毕后，得分最多的一队则胜出。如果在比赛规定时间内得分相同，则须看比赛章则而定，可以抽签、加时再赛或互射点球（十二步）等形式比赛分高下；
足球比赛中除了守门员可以在己方禁区内利用手部接触足球外，球场上每名球员只可以利用手以外的身体其他部分控制足球（开界外球例外）。
羽毛球：
羽毛球是一项室内，室外兼顾的运动。依据参与的人数，可以分为单打与双打。羽毛球拍一般由拍头、拍杆、拍柄及拍框与拍杆的接头构成。一支球拍的长度不超过68厘米，其中球拍柄与球拍杆长度不超过41厘米，拍框长度为28厘米，宽为23厘米，随着科学技术的发展，球拍的发展向着重量越来越轻、拍框越来越硬、拍杆弹性越来越好的方向发展。适合东方人发展；
现代羽毛球运动起源于英国。1873年，在英国格拉斯哥郡的伯明顿镇有一位叫鲍弗特的公爵， 在他的领地开游园会，有几个从印度回来的退役军官就向大家介绍了一种隔网用拍子来回击打毽球的游戏，人们对此产生了很大的兴趣。因这项活动极富趣味性，很快就在上层社会社交场上风行开来。“伯明顿”（Badminton）即成为英文羽毛球的名字。1893年，英国14个羽毛球俱乐部组成羽毛球协会，即全英公开赛的前身。自1992年起，羽毛球成为奥运会的正式比赛项目。
1、篮球运动于1891年起源于美国，它是由美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德（旧译麻省春田）基督教青年会（YMCA）训练学校的体育教师詹姆士•奈史密斯博士（Dr.James Naismith）发明。 起初，奈史密斯将两只盛梨用的篮子，分别钉在学校体育馆二楼走廊两边的护栏上，梨篮上沿距离地面3.05米，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。
篮球运动是以投篮、上篮和扣篮为中心的对抗性体育运动之一，是可以增强体质的一种运动。
2、足球，有“世界第一运动”的美誉，是全球体育界最具影响力的单项体育运动。标准的足球比赛由两队各派10名球员与1名守门员，共11人，在长方形的草地球场上对抗、进攻。
比赛目的是尽量将足球射入对方的球门内，每射入一球就可以得到一分，当比赛完毕后，得分最多的一队则胜出。如果在比赛规定时间内得分相同，则须看比赛章则而定，可以抽签、加时再赛或互射点球（十二步）等形式比赛分高下。足球比赛中除了守门员可以在己方禁区内利用手部接触足球外，球场上每名球员只可以利用手以外的身体其他部分控制足球（开界外球例外）。
3、羽毛球是一项室内，室外兼顾的运动。依据参与的人数，可以分为单打与双打。羽毛球运动对选手的体格要求并不很高，却比较讲究耐力，极适羽毛球拍一般由拍头、拍杆、拍柄及拍框与拍杆的接头构成。一支球拍的长度不超过68厘米，其中球拍柄与球拍杆长度不超过41厘米，拍框长度为28厘米，宽为23厘米，随着科学技术的发展，球拍的发展向着重量越来越轻、拍框越来越硬、拍杆弹性越来越好的方向发展。适合东方人发展。
现代羽毛球运动起源于英国。1873年，在英国格拉斯哥郡的伯明顿镇有一位叫鲍弗特的公爵， 在他的领地开游园会，有几个从印度回来的退役军官就向大家介绍了一种隔网用拍子来回击打毽球的游戏，人们对此产生了很大的兴趣。因这项活动极富趣味性，很快就在上层社会社交场上风行开来。"伯明顿"(Badminton)即成为英文羽毛球的名字。1893年，英国14个羽毛球俱乐部组成羽毛球协会，即全英公开赛的前身。自1992年起，羽毛球成为奥运会的正式比赛项目。
Game in which two 11-member teams try to propel a ball into the opposing team's goal, using any part of the body except the hands and arms. Only the goalkeeper, when positioned within the penalty area in front of the goal, may use hands and arms. The game's first uniform set of rules was put in place in 1863, when England's Football Association was created. Professional leagues began appearing in the late 1880s, first in England and then in other countries. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in 1904, and has hosted the World Cup every four years since 1930. Football has been included in the Olympic Games since 1908. Now played on all continents in over 150 nations, with over 40 million registered players, it is the world's most popular ball game. See also Australian Rules football; Gaelic football; football, gridiron; and rugby.
足球
Game in which two 11-member teams try to propel a ball into the opposing team's goal, using any part of the body except the hands and arms. Only the goalkeeper, when positioned within the penalty area in front of the goal, may use hands and arms. The game's first uniform set of rules was put in place in 1863, when England's Football Association was created. Professional leagues began appearing in the late 1880s, first in England and then in other countries. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in 1904, and has hosted the World Cup every four years since 1930. Football has been included in the Olympic Games since 1908. Now played on all continents in over 150 nations, with over 40 million registered players, it is the world's most popular ball game. See also Australian Rules football; Gaelic football; football, gridiron; and rugby.
篮球
One day in 1891,a doctor discover the students had nothing to do in winter .So he thaught I should invent a new game to let the students have somethings to do.He had a good idea .He went to the gym,and he put a basket on the one side wall .Then he put another basket on the another wall.Finally,he made some regulations and asked the students to play the game .The students played the game happlily .Soon ,more pelple liked the game in the world .The game is very popular .The game's name is "BASKETBALL"
Now ,more and more people like playing basketball .And basketball be more perfectly day and day!
羽毛球
Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles). The players or pairs take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net.
Unlike many racket sports, badminton does not use a ball: badminton uses a feathered projectile known as a shuttlecock. Since the shuttlecock is strongly affected by wind, competitive badminton is always played indoors.
General Description
The players strike the shuttlecock with their rackets so that it passes over the net and into the opponents' half of the court. The rally ends once the shuttlecock touches the ground: every stroke must be played as a volley. In doubles, either player of a pair may hit the shuttlecock (except on service), but only a single stroke is allowed before the shuttle passes again into the opponents' court (unlike volleyball). Players are awarded a point if the shuttlecock lands on or within the marked boundary of their opponents' court, or if their opponent's stroke fails to pass the net or lands outside the court boundary.
A rally begins with the service, in which the serving player must strike the shuttlecock so that, if left, it would land in the diagonally opposite service court. In doubles, only one player, the receiver, may return the service (thereafter either player may hit the shuttlecock); the order of doubles service is determined by the Laws, which ensure that all the players shall serve and receive in turn. If the server wins the rally, he will continue serving; if he loses the rally, the serve will pass to his opponent. In either case, the winner will add a point to his score.
A match consists of three games; to win each game players must score 21 points (exceptions noted below). There are five events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles (each pair is a man and a woman).
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