世界文学含有哪几个层面的意义？急急急！！！！！！ 急！！！在线等！！！文学理论的作业。阐释文学作品意义的方式（...

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“世界文学”最早由歌德提出，后来经过马克思和恩格斯的重新阐释，逐渐打上了文化全球化的烙印。经过100多年的历史演变和发展，世界文学已经从早先的“乌托邦”想象逐步演变发展成为一种审美现实。世界文学之所以在不同的语境中有不同的版本，与翻译的中介不无关系。正是由于翻译的干预，一些原本仅具有国别/民族文学特征的文学作品成了世界文学。判断一部作品是否属于世界文学，必须依据以下几个标准：1.是否把握了特定的时代精神；2.其影响是否超越了本国/民族或本民族语言的界限；3.是否收入后来的研究者编选的文学经典选集；4.是否能够进入大学课堂；5.是否在另一语境下受到批评性的研究。
选自《“世界文学”：从乌托邦想象到审美现实》　　王宁

各个地方的文学，文化差异

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