John steinbeck中文简介 有没有介绍John Steinbeck的文章
John steinbeck\u82f1\u6587\u7b80\u4ecbJohn Ernst Steinbeck, Jr. (February 26, 1902 \u2013 December 20, 1968) was an American author of twenty-seven books, including sixteen novels, six non-fiction books, and five collections of short stories. He is widely known for the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Grapes of Wrath (1939), East of Eden (1952) and the novella Of Mice and Men (1937). Steinbeck received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962 "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception".
In 1962 author John Steinbeck had scores of highly acclaimed novels behind him, had just won the Nobel Prize in literature, and was living comfortably in Maine along with his wife and Charley, a large French poodle of considerable age. Steinbeck began to feel the call of the open road again as he did from time to time so he planned a trip that would prove to be his last. With a minimum of preparations he hooked a trailer to his car, packed it with boxes of supplies, kissed his wife goodbye, and whistled for Charley. As he consulted the maps in his car while still sitting in his driveway, he had no idea he had less than six years of life left. The pair followed the eastern seaboard down to Florida and then turned for the west coast and California. The pair faced many troubles along the way and reaped many benefits as well. When Charley becomes ill the reader can easily feel the depth of Steinbeck\u2019s compassion for him, pet owners in particular. The author through his gift for writing gives a wonderful insight into the America of his past and his perception of the short-fallings and gains of the America of his present. As a young man he had traversed the country many times as a bum walking and riding freight trains.
This is a timeless tale of a man and his companion on a quest and it speaks for itself. One of the great American authors, John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California in 1902 to an agricultural valley on the Pacific coast. In 1919 he enrolled in Stanford University and majored in literature and writing. He wrote many novels including The Cup of Gold, The Pastures of Heaven, To a God Unknown, The Long Valley, Of Mice and Men, The Red Pony, The Grapes of Wrath, The Pearl and East of Eden. He died in 1968. John Stienbeck will forever hold a place in the halls of classic American literature.
早期生活及作品
斯坦贝克出生于1902年，加利福尼亚（California）的萨琳娜斯（Salinas）。斯坦贝克的父亲名叫约翰·欧内斯特·斯坦贝克二世，是第一代到美国的德国移民，有德国和爱尔兰血统。斯坦贝克曾经断断续续在斯坦福大学上学，直到1925年他正式退学，他没有毕业，而是打算全力成为一名作家。
斯坦贝克的第一部小说出版于1929年，是以神话为题材，名叫《金杯》，可惜并不成功。斯坦贝克的首次得到评论家的赞赏，是他在1935年写的小说Tortilla Flat，他因此获得了加利福尼亚联邦俱乐部的金牌奖。这个讲述一个年轻人在大萧条时期，加州蒙特里杰克市，Tortilla Flat区的经历在1942年被搬上银幕，由史宾塞·屈赛，海蒂·拉玛和约翰·加菲尔德主演。
他是1962年诺贝尔文学奖的得主，主要作品有《人鼠之间》（1937年），曾经获得普立兹奖的《愤怒的葡萄》（1939年），《伊甸园东》（1955年），和旅行记录《与查里一起旅行: 寻找美国》(1960年)。斯坦贝克的作品多描写大萧条时期的平民阶级及移民工人的生活，他的作品里经常出现在生活中挣扎的人物，被认为是受了自然主义文学的影响。他的故事和人物都是来自20世纪上半叶时真正存在的历史环境和事件。他的小说反映了他广泛的兴趣，比如海洋生物学，爵士乐，政治，哲学，历史和神话。
他的十七部作品，包括《人鼠之间》(1937年)，《愤怒的葡萄 (怒火之花 The Grapes of Wrath)》(1940年)，《珍珠》(1947年)，《伊甸园东》(1955年)都曾被好莱坞搬上银幕，而斯坦贝克自己写的剧本也有相当的好评，他给阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克的电影《救生艇》写的剧本曾经在1945年得到奥斯卡金像奖最佳剧本奖的提名。
获奖与荣誉
1936 - 加利福尼亚联邦俱乐部的金牌 最佳加利福尼亚作家奖 (Tortilla Flat)
1937 - 加利福尼亚联邦俱乐部的金牌 最佳加利福尼亚作家奖 (In Dubious Battle)
1938 - 纽约剧本评论员奖 (《人鼠之间》)
1939 - 国家艺术与文字学院 美国最畅销书籍奖
1940 - 普立兹奖最佳创作奖 (《愤怒的葡萄》)
1946 - 哈孔王图书馆十字奖 (The Moon is Down)
1948 - 国家艺术与文字学院
1962 - 诺贝尔文学奖
1963 - 国会图书馆美国文学部的荣誉顾问
1964 - 美国自由勋章
- 肯尼迪纪念图书馆理事
- 年度最佳纸皮书奖
- 新闻届自由勋章
1966 - Member of the National Arts Council
1979 - US Postal Service issued a John Steinbeck Commemorative Stamp
1983 - Steinbeck Center Foundation started in Salinas, CA
1984 - American Arts Gold Medallion of Steinbeck issued by the US Mint
1993 - Steinbeck Center Foundation opens interim head quarters
1997 - National Steinbeck Center groundbreaking
1998 - National Steinbeck Center Grand Opening (June 27, 1998)
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