急需！“王以名使括，若胶柱而鼓瑟耳。括徒能读其父书传，不知合变也。”翻译 赵王因以括为将，代廉颇。蔺相如曰：“王以名使括，若胶柱而鼓瑟...
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王因为（赵括的）名气任用赵括，就像用胶粘住柱子来弹琴一样。赵括只能读懂他父亲的传记，（但却）不懂得合时而变。
一、原文
秦数败赵兵，廉颇坚壁不出。赵王以颇失亡多而更怯不战，怒，数让之。应侯又使人行千金于赵为反间，曰：“秦之所畏，独畏马服君（赵奢）之子赵括为将耳！廉颇易与，且降矣！”赵王遂以赵括代颇将。蔺相如曰：“王以名使括，若胶柱鼓瑟耳。括徒能读其父书传，不知合变也。”王不听。
二、译文
秦军屡屡打败赵军，廉颇便下令赵兵坚城固守。赵王以为廉颇损失惨重后更加胆怯，不敢迎战，愤怒之余，就多次斥责他。这时应侯范雎又派人带上千金去赵国施行反间计，到处散布谣言说：“秦国所畏惧的，只是马服君赵奢的儿子赵括做大将。廉颇极易对付，而且他也就快投降了！”赵王很快中计，任用赵括代替廉颇为大将。
蔺相如劝阻道：“大王因为赵括有名望就重用他，这就像是粘住调弦的琴柱再弹琴呀！赵括只知道死读他父亲留下的兵书，而不知道在战场上随机应变。”赵王不听。
三、出处
西汉·司马迁《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》
人物介绍
赵括（－公元前260年），嬴姓，赵氏，名括。战国时期赵国人，赵国名将马服君赵奢之子。赵括熟读兵书，但缺乏战场经验，不懂得灵活应变。
赵孝成王七年（公元前260年）长平之战中，赵孝成王急于求胜，赵国中秦国的反间计，用赵括代替老将廉颇。赵括一反廉颇的策略，改守为攻，在长平（今山西高平西北）主动全线出击，向秦军发起进攻。秦将白起分兵两路：一路佯败，把赵军吸引到秦军壁垒周围；一路切断赵军后路，实行反包围，使赵军粮道断绝，困于长平。
最后，赵军四十六日不得食，分四路突围五次不成，赵括亲自率勇士突围，英勇杀敌，被秦军射杀而死，数十万赵国士兵投降，后来被秦军坑杀。
翻译如下：
大王因为（赵括的）名气任用赵括，就像用胶粘住柱子来弹琴一样。赵括只能读懂他父亲的传记，（但却）不懂得合时而变
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