关于英语的七种成分 可以帮我区分一下 主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语 吗？ 具体一点 可以举例 在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补
\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed \u8c13\u8bed \u5bbe\u8bed \u8868\u8bed \u5b9a\u8bed \u72b6\u8bed \u8865\u8bed\u8981\u4f8b\u53e5\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u8981\u8010\u5fc3\u770b\u5b8c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u660e\u767d\u7684\uff01
\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u578b\u7ed3\u6784
\u4e00\uff0e\u7b80\u5355\u53e5\uff1a
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-1
\u4e3b\u7cfb\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7531\u4e3b\u8bed+\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd+\u8868\u8bed\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7c7b\u5c5e\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u7b49\u3002
\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709:
1.\u8868\u793a\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u7684 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;
2.\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u5ef6\u7eed\u7684 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;
3.\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
eg: Our English teacher is thirty years old.
The cake tastes delicious.
The potatoes went bad in the fields.
Deep water stays still.
He was at work.
She is in good health.
It is beyond my ability.
I was at a loss.
You are under arrest.
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-2
\u4e3b\u8c13\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7531\u4e3b\u8bed\u52a0\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6784\u6210, \u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002
\u5982\uff1aThe sun rises.
Tom has already left.
\u4e3b\u8bed\u53ef\u6709\u4fee\u9970\u8bed-\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u53ef\u6709\u4fee\u9970\u8bed-\u72b6\u8bed\u3002
\u5982: 1. The red sun rises in the east.
2. They had to travel by air or boat.
3. She sat there alone.
4. He came back when we were eating.
5. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake\u3002
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-3
\u4e3b\u8c13\u5bbe\u7ed3\u6784:\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7531\u4e3b\u8bed+\u53ca\u7269\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd+\u5bbe\u8bed\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5bbe\u8bed\u6210\u5206\u7684\u591a\u6837\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u6784\u5f02\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u3002
\u5982\uff1a1. Tom made a hole in the wall.
2. I don\u2019t know if he can come tomorrow.
3. They haven\u2019t decided where to go next.
4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-4
\u53cc\u5bbe\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6b64\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u201c\u4e3b\u8bed+\u53ca\u7269\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd+\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u4eba\uff09+\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u4e8b\u7269\uff09\u201d\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5982\uff1a He brings me cookies every day.
\u4f46\u82e5\u8981\u5148\u8bf4\u51fa\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u4e8b\u7269\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8bf4\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ecb\u8bcdto\u6216for\u3002\u5982\uff1a He brings cookies to me every day.
She made a beautiful dress for me.
\u7528to\u4fa7\u91cd\u6307\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u671d\u7740\uff0c\u5411\u7740\uff0c\u5bf9\u7740\u67d0\u4eba\u3002
\u7528for \u4fa7\u91cd\u6307\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e86\u67d0\u4eba\uff0c\u66ff\u67d0\u4eba\u3002
\u5e38\u8ddf\u53cc\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\uff1a\uff08\u9700\u501f\u52a9to\u7684\uff09bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask\u7b49\uff1b
\uff08\u9700\u501f\u52a9for \u7684\uff09 buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare\u7b49\u3002
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-5
\u590d\u5408\u5bbe\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784: \u6b64\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u201c\u4e3b\u8bed+\u53ca\u7269\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd+\u5bbe\u8bed+\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u7528\u6765\u8865\u5145\u548c\u8bf4\u660e\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u82e5\u65e0\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff0c\u5219\u53e5\u610f\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u505a\u5bbe\u8865\u7684\u6709\uff1a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u8bcd\u7b49\u3002
\u5982\uff1a The sun keeps us warm.
I heard him singing.
They made Tom monitor.
He used to do his homework with his radio on.
My mother asked me to clean my room.
The teacher made all students finish their homework on time.
\u7528 it \u505a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u653e\u5230\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5373\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8c13\u8bed+it+\u5bbe\u8865+\u771f\u6b63\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1a
I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4 I found it was pleasant to be with your family. \u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u53e5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u590d\u5408\u53e5\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002
\u82f1\u8bed\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b-6
There be \u53e5\u578b\uff1a \u6b64\u53e5\u578b\u662f\u7531\u201cthere+be+\u4e3b\u8bed+\u72b6\u8bed\u201d\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u201c\u2026\u2026\u6709\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002 \u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8bed\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd be \u4e4b\u540e\uff0cthere \u4ec5\u4e3a\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u5b9e\u9645\u8bed\u610f\u3002\u6b64\u53e5\u578b\u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528be\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u7528 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528have\u3002\u5982\uff1a
There stands a hill in the middle of the park.
Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.
Be \u4e0e\u5176\u540e\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u5728\u4eba\u79f0\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u548c\u60c5\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u73b0\u5728\u6709 there is/are \u2026
\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709 there was/were\u2026
\u5c06\u6765\u6709 there will be\u2026\uff1bthere is /are going to be...
\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709 there has/have been\u2026
\u53ef\u80fd\u6709 there might be...
\u80af\u5b9a\u6709 there must be \u2026/there must have been...
\u8fc7\u53bb\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709 there used to be \u2026
\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709 there seems/seem/seemed to be \u2026
\u78b0\u5de7\u6709 there happen/happens/happened to be \u2026
Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
The weatherman says there\u2019ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.
There used to be a cinema here before the war.
\u4e8c\uff0e\u5e76\u5217\u53e5\u3002
\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a
1.\u7531\u5206\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
eg. Some people cry; others laugh.
Let\u2019s start early; we have a long way to go.
2.\u7531\u5e76\u5217\u8fde\u8bcd\u53ca\u8bcd\u7ec4\u8fde\u63a5-\u2014\u2014and/ but /or/ so / however / still/ therefore /yet /while /otherwise /for /both\u2026and\u2026/not only\u2026but also\u2026/as well as/
or else/ either\u2026or\u2026/neither\u2026nor\u2026/not\u2026but\u2026\u7b49\u3002
eg: I\u2019d like to, but I have lots of homework to do.
I\u2019ve got a cold, so I\u2019m going to bed.
Both my father and mother are teachers.
It\u2019s very good, yet I don\u2019t like it.
\u4e09\u3001\u590d\u5408\u53e5
\u6784\u6210\uff1a\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u9010\u53e5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u6784\u6210\u3002\u4e3b\u53e5\u548c\u4ece\u53e5\u90fd\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u53e5\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u53ea\u662f\u5168\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4ece\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7528\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bcd\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bcd\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u53e5\u548c\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff09\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6027\u4ece
\u53e5\uff08\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff09\uff0c\u526f\u8bcd\u6027\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff09\u3002
1\u3001\u4e3b\u8bed\uff08subject\uff09\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff0c\u53ef\u7531\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3001\u6570\u8bcd\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7b49\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u3002
2\u3001\u8c13\u8bed\uff08predicate\uff09\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u8bed\u6240\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u52a8\u8bcd\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u662f\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u6216\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u548c\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u6216\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e4b\u540e\u3002
3\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08object\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u53d7\u8bcd\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u3002\u5bbe\u8bed\u5206\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\u548c\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e5f\u79f0\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff09\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\u6307\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u5bbe\u8bed\u8bf4\u660e\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u975e\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u52a8\u4f5c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
4\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\uff08Attributive\uff09\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u9970\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u3001\u8bf4\u660e\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u4e0e\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5b9a\u8bed\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3001\u6570\u8bcd\u3001\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff08\u77ed\u8bed\uff09\u3001\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6216\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u3001\u77ed\u8bed\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u3002
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主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。
He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
一般可分为两类：
1)，简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
We study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式
I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。
We like English.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：
We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new student.他是个新生。
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.他住在伦敦。
7.补语
用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作，因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整，如：make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说：我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说：我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的（beautiful)”为形容词做补语，说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为：形容词，副词，名词，不定式，ing形式，数词等。
8.宾补
就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的
例：I know you are student good at maths
在这个句子中，good at maths 就是补语。
宾语补语也可以是句子，所以这个句子也可以是：
I know you are student who is good at maths
还可以是-ing 形式
I see you crossing the street
主语是动作的施动者，谓语就相当于动作，宾语是动作的承受者，其他的不好说了，不好意思，能力受限
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