德道经第五章 怎么解释 《德道经》原文
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道生一,一生二,二生三,三生万物①.
万物负阴而抱阳,中气以为和②.
天下之所恶,唯孤、寡、不谷③,而王公以为自名也④.
勿或 之而益,或益之而 ⑤.
觐殷死,议而教人⑥.
故强良者不得死⑦,我将以为学父⑧.
①道：道是宇宙形成之前就存在的、不可名状的物质、能量和环境. 一：最小之数,朴素之数,万化之基,即德、虚无一炁（即“⊙”,由无极的道“○”化生的德“⊙”）.其用最高,其位最低.《说文》：“一,惟初太始道立於一,造分天地,化成万物.”《淮南子?诠言》：“一也者,万物之本也.” 二：《说文》：“地之数也”.即太极之阴阳也. 三：《说文》：“天地人之道也”.三元（源）,即物元（源）、体元（源）、质元（源）.三元（源）为构成万物的基本要素.“三”的基本象示为旋极图,图的中圆为德,外侧为阴阳互动.道○,是万物之本始；德一,是万物生成之能量；阴阳二,从德一而生,反应万物的阴阳属性；三,乃一炁含三,即“德、阴、阳”这个三,它是万物生成与发展的自然法则,万物皆由此“三”而生成.
②负：《说文》：“恃也.从人守贝,有所恃也”.一曰：受贷不偿,即负债.通“背”,与“抱”相对.
中：《说文》：“内也”.中心、中间等义.又有充满之义.乙本及通行本作“冲”. 和：谐也.
句义：道生之德畜之的万物已经离开德“一”而进入了阴阳“二”的状态中,人类对万物的认识,停留在看得见的有相物质世界,而将看不见的无相物质忘在背后.然而万物内外却是德“一”能量的炁在发挥滋养的中和作用.只有执一以为天下牧,知白守黑,执两用中,才能认识万物本质中德的营养功能和道的主宰作用.
③“天下”二字通行本与乙本均作“人”.
谷：其简体即“谷”.《说文》：“谷,百谷之总名”.天以五德养神,地以五谷养形.不谷,属於不益於他人的自贬,后演化有五谷不分之意.《战国策?齐策》载,颜斶曰：“老子曰‘虽贵必以贱为本,虽高必以下为基,是以侯王称孤寡不谷’”.《吕氏春秋?君守》：君名孤寡.注:人君谦称.
④“自名也”通行本作“称”.
⑤勿：《说文》：“州裏所建旗,象其柄,有三游：襍帛.幅半异,所以趣民”.通行本作“故物”,甲乙本均作“勿”.
：甲本作 “ ”,据《汉语大字典》其为“损”之异体.但在此处 义与损义有别.
⑥觐殷死：礼崩乐坏也.甲本作“□□夕议而教人”,“夕”字辨误.通行本作“人之所教,我亦教之”.
觐：《说文》：“觐,诸侯秋朝曰觐,勤劳王事也”. 殷：《说文》：“作乐之盛称殷”.
⑦良：据徐中舒《甲骨文字典》：良,描绘半穴居延伸的两道走廊,为廊之初文,两道走廊增强了空气流通.《说文》：“善也”.通行本作“梁”.
强：通“强”.《说文》：“弓有力也.”强健、刚强；亦作强暴、强人等贬义解.
句义：修真能加强、增强身国的通炁量,营造和获得更强更好的德“一”能量,也就不易死亡.
⑧我：通行本作“吾”. 学：觉悟也.通行本作“教”.
句义：能充分获得德“一”能量的心身内环境,需要教化传授和指导实践使其觉悟,我当其责.
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