肼（N2H4）分子可视为NH3分子中的一个氢原子被-NH2（氨基）取代形成的另一种氮的氢化物．NH3分子的空间构 氮元素可以形成多种分子和离子，如NH3、N2H4、N3-、N...
\u6c28\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u88ab\u6c28\u57fa\uff08-NH2\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u540e\u7684\u751f\u6210\u7269\u53eb\u80bc\uff08\uff09\uff0c\u80bc\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u88ab\u70c3\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\u540e\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u53eb\u80bc\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269\uff0c2\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u62101\u4e2a\u4e59\u57fa\uff0c\u5219\u6709NH2-NH-CH2-CH3\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u62102\u4e2a\u7532\u57fa\uff0c2\u4e2a\u7532\u57fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c2e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c2e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u6709\uff1aNH2-N\uff08CH3\uff092\u3001CH3-NH-NH-CH3\uff0c\u5171\u67093\u79cd\uff0c\u6545\u9009B\uff0e
\uff081\uff09\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u4f4e\u6392\u5e03\u662f\uff1a\uff0c\u67093\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u672a\u6210\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a3\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u67d0\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u4e3a22\uff0c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u57fa\u6001\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6392\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2\uff0c\u4ef7\u7535\u5b50\u6392\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a3d24s2\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a3d24s2\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u8981\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u4e3aO\uff0cN\uff0cF\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u50cfNH3\u6709\u4e00\u5bf9\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\uff0cN2H4\u6709\u4e24\u5bf9\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\uff0e\u6240\u4ee5NH3\uff0cN2H4\u7b49\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u800cNH4+\uff0cN2H62+ \u4e2d\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u90fd\u4e0eH+\u79bb\u5b50\u5171\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\uff1b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u914d\u4f4d\u4f53\u7684\u6709NH4+\uff0cN2H62+\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aNH3\uff0cN2H4\uff1bNH4+\uff0cN2H62+\uff0e\uff084\uff09HN3\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5HN3\u5728\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u6cb8\u70b9\u8f83\u9ad8\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aHN3\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6c22\u952e\uff1b\uff085\uff09\u2460\u7531\u4e8eN2H4\u5206\u5b50\u4e2dN\u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u62103\u4e2a\u03b4\u952e\uff0c\u4e14\u67091\u4e2a\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\uff0cN\u539f\u5b50sp3\u6742\u5316\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1asp3\uff1b \u2461N2O4+2N2H4\u25503N2+4H2O\uff0c\u82e5\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u67094mol N-H\u952e\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u5373\u67091mol N2H4\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u62101.5mol N2\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u03c0\u952e\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a2\u00d71.5mol=3mol\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a3\uff1b\uff086\uff09\u2462\u80bc\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3aN2H4+2H+\u2550N2H62+\uff0cN2H6SO4\u6676\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u94f5\u76f8\u540c\uff0cN2H62+\u4e2d\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u662f\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e0e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\uff0cN2H62+\u4e0eSO42-\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1ad\uff0e
氨气分子中价层电子对个数=3+| 1 |
| 2 |
故答案为：三角锥形；CH3OH（CH3SH）．
绛旓細N2H4瀛﹀悕涓鸿偧鍙堢О鑱旀皑锛屾棤鑹叉补鐘舵恫浣擄紝鍏锋湁涓庢皑鐩镐技鐨勬皵鍛筹紝姣掓у緢澶 銆傝偧鑳藉拰姘村舰鎴愭阿閿紝鎵浠ヨ偧鍜屾按鑳芥寜浠绘剰姣斾緥浜掔浉娣锋憾锛屽舰鎴愮ǔ瀹氱殑姘村悎鑲糔2H4路H2O鍜屽惈姘31锛呯殑鎭掓哺鐗╋紝娌哥偣121鈩冦傛皑鏄剧⒈鎬х殑鍘熷洜鍦ㄤ簬NH3鍒嗗瓙涓殑N鍘熷瓙鍏锋湁瀛ゅ鐢靛瓙锛屽畠鑳界粨鍚堟按涓殑H锛嬶紝浣挎按鐢电鍑篛H锛嶏紟鑲肩殑缁撴瀯涓湁2涓狽...
绛旓細浣犲啀缁撳悎棰橈紝J鑳藉綋鐕冩枡鐢垫睜鐕冩枡锛岄偅涔堣繖涓氨鏄垜浠浘缁忔彁鍒拌繃鐨勬柊鍨嬬噧鏂欌斺鑲硷紙N2H4锛銆鍒嗗瓙閲32锛屾伆濂界鍚堛備簬鏄疊锛氭哀锛孋锛氭爱銆傦紙1锛NH3锛岀數瀛愬紡銆傛皑姘旂殑鐢靛瓙寮忎綘搴旇浼氬啓鍚с傦紙2锛塁l2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2O锛岃繖鏄功涓婄殑锛屽埆鍛婅瘔鎴戜綘娌¤銆傦紙3锛16鍏嬶紝灏辨槸鍗婃懇锛岄厤濂戒簡鏂圭▼寮忓啀鐢ㄧ郴鏁拌皟鑺...
绛旓細鑲鐨勭粨鏋勬槸浠庝竴瀵姘ㄥ垎瀛閲屽悇鍙栦竴涓阿鍘熷瓙鐒跺悗鎶婁粬浠粨鍚堣捣鏉ャ傛瘡涓涓狧2N-N娆″崟鍏冩槸涓噾瀛楀銆侶-N-H瑙掍负108掳锛孨-N閿窛绂1.45 Å锛屽垎瀛愮鍚堝亸杞瀯璞°俒2] 鏃嬫壄闅惧害鏄箼閱囩殑涓ゅ嶃傜粨鏋勭壒鎬у儚姘斾綋鍙屾哀姘淬傛牴鎹潵婧愪簬锛 Miessler, Gary L. and Tarr, Donald A. Inorganic Chemistry, Third ...
绛旓細N2H4鐨鐢靛瓙寮忓涓嬶細瑙ｏ細鑲鏄爱鍘熷瓙鍜屾爱鍘熷瓙褰㈡垚涓涓叡浠烽敭锛屽墿浣欎环閿拰姘㈠師瀛愬舰鎴愬叡浠烽敭銆傚垎鏋愶細棣栧厛鍒ゆ柇鍖栧悎鐗╂槸绂诲瓙鍖栧悎鐗╄繕鏄叡浠峰寲鍚堢墿;渚濇嵁鐢靛瓙寮忕殑涔﹀啓鍐欏嚭锛 鍗虫妸鍘熷瓙鐨勬渶澶栧眰鐢靛瓙琛ㄧず鍑烘潵銆傝嫢鏄瀛愬寲鍚堢墿锛岀數瀛愬紡鐢遍槾銆侀槼绂诲瓙鐨勭數瀛愬紡缁勫悎鑰屾垚锛岀浉鍚岀殑绂诲瓙涓嶈兘鍚堝苟;鑻ユ槸鍏变环鍖栧悎鐗╋紝鐢靛瓙寮忕敱...
绛旓細N2H4锛堝弻姘鑲硷級鐨鍒嗗瓙缁撴瀯鏄痋text{H}_2\text{N}-\text{NH}_2H2N−NH2銆傚湪杩欎釜鍒嗗瓙涓紝涓や釜姘師瀛愰氳繃鍗曢敭杩炴帴锛屽舰鎴愪腑闂寸殑N-N閿傚弻姘㈣偧鐨勭粨鏋勫彲浠ョ湅浣滄槸涓や釜姘㈡皑鍩哄洟锛圢H2锛夎繛鎺ュ湪涓璧枫傜敱浜嶯-N閿槸鍗曢敭锛屽畠鐨勯敭瑙掓槸绾109.5搴︼紝鎺ヨ繎浜庣悊鎯崇殑109.5搴︾殑鍥涢潰浣撹銆傝繖鏄洜涓哄崟閿殑...
绛旓細n2h4鏄鑲鐨勫寲瀛﹀悕绉般傝偧锛屼篃琚О涓鸿仈姘紙diamide锛夛紝鍏鍒嗗瓙寮忎负N2H4锛屽垎瀛愰噺涓32.05銆傚畠鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负H2N鈥擭H2锛屾槸涓绉嶆棤鑹茬殑娌圭姸娑蹭綋锛屽叿鏈夌被浼姘鐨勫埡婵鎬ф皵鍛筹紝骞朵笖鍏锋湁鍓ф瘨銆n2h4鐨鐔旂偣涓2鈩冿紝娌哥偣涓113.5鈩冿紝鍦15鈩冩椂鐨勫瘑搴︿负1.011g/cm3銆傝繖绉嶇墿璐ㄥ湪绌烘皵涓兘鍚告敹姘村拰浜屾哀鍖栫⒊锛屽苟浼氫骇鐢熺儫闆俱
绛旓細姝ょ噧鏂欑數姹犵殑鑳介噺杞寲鐜囦负50%鏃讹紝鐢垫睜浜х敓鐨勭數鑳戒负624kJ脳0.02脳50%=6.24kJ锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細N2H4+4OH--4e-=4H2O+N2鈫戯紱6.24kJ锛涳紙3锛夊悎鎴愭皑鐨勫弽搴斾腑锛屾爱姘斿彂鐢熷緱鐢靛瓙鐨勮繕鍘熷弽搴旓紝鍦ㄥ師鐢垫睜鐨勬鏋佷笂锛屽氨鏄爱姘斿彂鐢熷緱鐢靛瓙鐨勮繕鍘熷弽搴旓紝鍦ㄩ吀鎬х幆澧冧笅锛岀數鏋佸弽搴斿紡涓猴細N2+6e-+6H+=2NH3 锛屽師鐢垫睜涓...
绛旓細N2H4+2HCl=N2H6Cl2锛姘ㄥ垎瀛涓湁涓瀵瑰瀵圭數瀛愶紝鑳藉拰涓涓阿绂诲瓙褰㈡垚閰嶄綅鍏变环閿紝鑰鑲硷紙N2H4锛夊垎瀛涓惈鏈変袱涓爱鍘熷瓙锛屾瘡涓爱鍘熷瓙鍧囨湁涓瀵瑰瀵圭數瀛愶紝鎵浠ヨ兘涓庝袱鍒嗗瓙鐩愰吀鍙嶅簲銆☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺&#...
绛旓細N2H4鏄弻姘寲鍚堢墿锛屼篃琚О涓鑲銆傚畠鐨勭┖闂存瀯鍨嬫槸骞抽潰姝ｅ洓闈綋銆傚湪N2H4鍒嗗瓙涓紝姘師瀛锛圢锛鍜屾阿鍘熷瓙锛圚锛夌粍鎴愬洓涓狽-H閿紝褰㈡垚浜嗕竴涓钩闈㈡鍥涢潰浣撶粨鏋勩傚叾涓袱涓爱鍘熷瓙浣嶄簬鍒嗗瓙鐨勫簳閮紝鍥涗釜姘㈠師瀛愪綅浜庡洓涓《鐐癸紝褰㈡垚鍥涙潯杈广傝繖绉嶅钩闈㈡鍥涢潰浣撶殑鏋勫瀷浣垮緱N2H4鍒嗗瓙鍏锋湁瀵圭О鎬с傞渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄紝骞抽潰姝ｅ洓闈綋骞...
绛旓細鑲(N2H4)鍚湁4涓狽-H鏋佹у叡浠烽敭鍜1涓狽-N闈炴瀬鎬у叡浠烽敭锛岃姘ㄦ皵(NH3)鍙惈鏈3涓狽-H鏋佹у叡浠烽敭
