请给我George Eliot 的简介，要英文的
\u5404\u4f4d\u5927\u54e5\u54e5\u3001\u5927\u59d0\u59d0\u8bf7\u4f60\u5e2e\u4e2a\u5fd9\uff1a\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u72c4\u66f4\u65af\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb\uff0c\u8981\u82f1\u6587\u7684Charles Dickens (1812-1870) is considered to be one of the greatest English novelists of the Victorian period. Dickens's works are characterized by attacks on social evils, injustice, and hypocrisy.
Later critics, beginning with George Gissing and G.K. Chesterton, championed his mastery of prose, his endless invention of memorable characters and his powerful social sensibilities. Yet he also received criticism from his more rarefied readers, including George Henry Lewes, Henry James, and Virginia Woolf, who list faults such as sentimentality, unrealistic events and grotesque characters[1].
The popularity of his novels and short stories during his lifetime and to the present is demonstrated by the fact that none has ever gone out of print. Dickens wrote serialised novels, which was the usual format for fiction at the time, and each new part of his stories would be eagerly anticipated by the reading public. He is regarded by many as the greatest writer of his time.
IDEAL \u7406\u60f3\u7bc7
Do not , for one repulse , give up the purpose that you resolved to effect .(William Shakespeare , British dramatist)
\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u56e0\u4e00\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5c31\u653e\u5f03\u4f60\u539f\u6765\u51b3\u5fc3\u60f3\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a.W.)
Don't part with your illusions . When they are gone you may still exist , but you have ceased to live. (Mark Twain , American writer)
\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u5f03\u4f60\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002\u5f53\u5e7b\u60f3\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u867d\u751f\u72b9\u6b7b\u3002\uff08(\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
I want to bring out the secrets of nature and apply them for the happiness of man . I don't know of any better service to offer for the short time we are in the world .(Thomas Edison , American inventor)
\u6211\u60f3\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u7c7b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u77ed\u6682\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e86\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f. T.)
Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal , there is no secure direction ; without direction , there is no life .( Leo Tolstoy , Russian writer)
\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u6307\u8def\u660e\u706f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u3002
(\u4fc4\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u6258\u5c14\u65af\u6cf0. L .)
If winter comes , can spring be far behind ?( P. B. Shelley , British poet )
\u51ac\u5929\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6625\u5929\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fdc\u5417\uff1f( \u82f1\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba, \u96ea\u83b1. P. B.)
If you doubt yourself , then indeed you stand on shaky11 ground .(
Ibsen , Norwegian dramatist )
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6000\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7a33\u56fa\u4e86\u3002 (\u632a\u5a01\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u6613\u535c\u751f)
If you would go up high , then use your own legs ! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people's backs and heads . (F. W . Nietzsche , German Philosopher)
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8d70\u5230\u9ad8\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u817f\uff01\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u522b\u4eba\u628a\u4f60\u62ac\u5230\u9ad8\u5904\uff1b\u4e0d\u8981\u5750\u5728\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u80cc\u4e0a\u548c\u5934\u4e0a\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u5c3c\u91c7. F. W.)
It is at our mother's knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest , but there is seldom any money in them.( Mark Twain , American writer )
\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u819d\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c1a\u3001\u6700\u771f\u8bda\u548c\u6700\u8fdc\u5927\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cc\u9762\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u91d1\u94b1\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
Alexander Dumas (Davy de La Pailleterie, French Writer)
\u751f\u6d3b\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u50cf\u822a\u6d77\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5357\u9488\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u5927\u4ef2\u9a6c. A.)
The ideals which have lighted my way , and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness , beauty and truth .(Albert Einstein , American scientist)
\u6709\u4e9b\u7406\u60f3\u66fe\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u8fc7\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u7ed9\u6211\u65b0\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u4ee5\u6b23\u7136\u9762\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7406\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\u2014\u2014\u771f\u3001\u5584\u3001\u7f8e\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 \u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766 . A .)
The important thing in life is to have a great aim , and the determination to attain it. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German Poet and dramatist)
\u4eba\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u51b3\u5fc3\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba\u3001\u620f\u5267\u5bb6 \u6b4c\u5fb7 . J . M .)
The man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds .(Mark Twain , American writer)
\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u5176\u60f3\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u4e2a\u602a\u4eba\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today .(Franklin Roosevelt , American president)
\u5b9e\u73b0\u660e\u5929\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u969c\u788d\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7591\u8651\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f. F .)
When an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to is are also lawful and obligatory .(Abraham Lincoln , American statesman)
\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u5f53\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u4e5f\u662f\u6b63\u5f53\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6 \u6797\u80af. A.)
STRUGGLE \u594b\u6597\u7bc7
Genius only means hard-working all one's life .( Mendeleyer , Russian Chemist)
\u5929\u624d\u53ea\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ec8\u8eab\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002 (\u4fc4\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6 \u95e8\u6377\u5217\u8036\u592b)
I have nothing to offer but blood , toil tears and sweat . (Winston Churchill, British Politician)
\u6211\u6240\u80fd\u5949\u732e\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u5b83\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u70ed\u8840\u3001\u8f9b\u52b3\u3001\u773c\u6cea\u4e0e\u6c57\u6c34\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6 \u4e18\u5409\u5c14 . W.)
Man errs so long as he strives. (Johan Wolfgang Goethe , German poet and dramatist)
\u4eba\u53ea\u8981\u594b\u6597\u5c31\u4f1a\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u3002 (\u5fb7\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba\u3001\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u6b4c\u5fb7. J. W.)
My fellow Americans , ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country . My fellow citizens of the world ; ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man . (John Kennedy , American President )
\u7f8e\u56fd\u540c\u80de\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u95ee\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u4eec\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u95ee\u4f60\u4eec\u80fd\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u95ee\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c06\u4e3a\u4f60\u4eec\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u80fd\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u80af\u5c3c\u8fea. J.)
Our destiny offers not the cup of despair , but the chalice of opportunity . (Richard Nixon, American President )
\u547d\u8fd0\u7ed9\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5931\u671b\u4e4b\u9152\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u673a\u4f1a\u4e4b\u676f\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5c3c\u514b\u677e . R.)
Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet . (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)
\u5fcd\u8010\u662f\u75db\u82e6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u679c\u5b9e\u662f\u751c\u871c\u7684\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6 \u5362\u68ad. J. J.)
Progress is the activity of today and the assurance of tomorrow .
(Emerson, American thinker )
\u8fdb\u6b65\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u660e\u5929\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6 \u5bb6\u9ed8\u751f)
The world can be changed by man's endeavor, and that this endeavor can lead to something new and better .No man can sever the bonds that unite him to his society simply by averting his eyes . He must ever be receptive and sensitive to the new ; and have sufficient courage and skill to novel facts and to deal with them . (Franklin Roosevelt , American President )
\u4eba\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52aa\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fbe\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4ec5\u51ed\u95ed\u76ee\u3001\u4e0d\u770b\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u5c31\u80fd\u5272\u65ad\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u9c9c\u4e8b\u7269\uff1b\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u52c7\u6c14\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u53bb\u9762\u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f\u5efa. F.)
There is no royal road to science ,and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits . (Karl Marx, German revolutionary )
\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u5927\u9053\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u754f\u52b3\u82e6\u6cbf\u7740\u5176\u5d0e\u5c96\u4e4b\u8def\u6500\u767b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u8fbe\u5230\u5b83\u5149\u8f89\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u3002( \u5fb7\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u601d. K .)
The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ".
(Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor )
\u51e1\u662f\u51b3\u5fc3\u53d6\u5f97\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u8bf4\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u201d\u3002( \u6cd5\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d \u62ff\u7834\u4ed1. B.)
To do whatever needs to be done to preserve this last and greatest bastion of freedom .(Ronald Reagan , American President )
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u4f4f\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u7684\u3001\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c3d\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u80fd\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u91cc\u6839. R.)
We cannot always build the future for our youth , but we can build our youth for the future . (Franklin Roosevelt , American president )
\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u603b\u662f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u9020\u5c31\u7f8e\u597d\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u9020\u5c31\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f. F.)
Where there is a will , there is a way .( Thomas Edison , American inventor )
\u6709\u5fd7\u8005\uff0c\u4e8b\u7adf\u6210\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f. T.)
SUCCESS \u6210\u529f\u7bc7
Achievement provides the only real pleasure in life .( Thomas Edison , American inventor)
\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4e50\u8da3\u3002( \u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f. T. )
But has the last word been said ? Is all hope to be lost ? Is the defeat final No !(Charles De Gaulle , French president )
\u4f46\u662f\u96be\u9053\u8d25\u5c40\u5df2\u5b9a\uff0c\u80dc\u5229\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u671b\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff01 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u6234\u9ad8\u4e50. C.)
I succeeded because I willed it ; I never hesitated .(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor )
\u6211\u6210\u529f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u6709\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u8e0c\u8e87 \u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d \u62ff\u7834\u4ed1. B .)
If you wish to succeed , you should use persistence as your good friend , experience as your reference , prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry. (Thomas Edison , American inventor )
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee5\u6052\u5fc3\u4e3a\u826f\u53cb\u3001\u4ee5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8c0b\u3001\u4ee5\u8c28\u614e\u4e3a\u5144\u5f1f\u3001\u4ee5\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u54e8\u5175\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f. T.)
Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly ever acquire the skill to do difficult things easily . (Friedrich Schiller , German Dramatist and poet).
\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u8010\u5fc3\u5706\u6ee1\u5b8c\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4e8b\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u8bd7\u4eba \u5e2d\u52d2. F.)
Power invariably means both responsibility and danger .(Theodore Roosevelt , American president)
\u5b9e\u529b\u6c38\u8fdc\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u5371\u9669\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f. T.)
Success covers a multitude of blunders .(George Bernard Shaw , British Dramatist)
\u6210\u529f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5931\u671b\u94f8\u5c31\u3002( \u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G.)
The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want , and if they cannot find them .they make them. (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist )
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u5bfb\u627e\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u673a\u4f1a\u3002( \u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G.)
You have to believe in yourself . That's the secret of success .(Charles Chaplin , American actor )
\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u79d8\u8bc0\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u6f14\u5458 \u5353\u522b\u6797. C.)
HEALTH \u5065\u5eb7\u7bc7
A light heart lives long .( William Shakespeare , British dramatist )
\u8c41\u8fbe\u8005\u957f\u5bff\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a. W.)
Early to bed and early to rise , makes a man healthy , wealthy and wise .(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u65e9\u7761\u65e9\u8d77\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4eba\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u548c\u806a\u660e\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
Sloth , like rust , consumes faster than labor wears .(Benjamin Franklin , American president)
\u61d2\u60f0\u50cf\u751f\u9508\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bd4\u64cd\u52b3\u66f4\u80fd\u6d88\u8017\u8eab\u4f53\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
The first wealth is health .( Ralph Waldo Emerson , American thinker )
\u5065\u5eb7\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u7b2c\u4e00\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6 \u7231\u9ed8\u751f. R. W.)
WEALTH \u8d22\u5bcc\u7bc7
All the splendor 1 in the world is not worth a good friend .(Voltaire , French thinker)
\u4eba\u4e16\u95f4\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8363\u534e\u5bcc\u8d35\u4e0d\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6 \u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0)
Creditors 4 have better memories than debtors . (Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u653e\u503a\u7684\u6bd4\u501f\u503a\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u597d\u3002( \u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
If you would know the value of money , go and try to borrow some .
(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u8981\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u94b1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u53bb\u501f\u94b1\u8bd5\u8bd5\u3002( \u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
If your Riches are yours , why don't you take them with you to the other world ?(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u5982\u679c\u8d22\u5bcc\u662f\u4f60\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u548c\u4f60\u4e00\u8d77\u5e26\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u53bb\u5462\uff1f(
\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
Money is a good servant and a bad master .(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )
\u91d1\u94b1\u662f\u5584\u4ec6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6076\u4e3b\u3002( \u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839. F. )
Money is like muck , not good except it be spread .(Francis Bacon , British philosopher)
\u91d1\u94b1\u597d\u6bd4\u7caa\u80a5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6492\u5230\u5728\u5927\u5730\u624d\u662f\u6709\u7528\u4e4b\u7269\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839. F.)
No country , however rich , can afford the waste of its human resources .(Franklin Roosevelt , American president)
\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u591a\u4e48\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u90fd\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e0d\u8d77\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u5bcc. F.)
Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing .(Albert Einstein , American scientist )
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e0d\u82b1\u94b1\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6700\u9ad8\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 \u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766. A.)
HAPPINESS \u5e78\u798f\u7bc7
A lifetime of happiness ! No man alive could bear it ; it would be hell on earth .(G. Bernard Shaw ,British dramatist )
\u7ec8\u8eab\u5e78\u798f\uff01\u8fd9\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c06\u662f\u4eba\u95f4\u5730\u72f1\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G.)
Happiness is form courage .( H. Jackson , British writer )
\u5e78\u798f\u662f\u52c7\u6c14\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u6770\u514b\u900a. H.)
Happy is the man who is living by his hobby .(G. Bernard Shaw , British dramatist )
\u9189\u5fc3\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u7656\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G .)
Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money ; it lies in the joy of achievement , in the thrill of creative effort .(Franklin Roosevelt , American president )
\u5e78\u798f\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u62e5\u6709\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u5c31\u65f6\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u751f\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f. F.)
Human felicity is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen , as by little advantages that occur every day .(
Benjamin Franklin ,American president).
\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u6765\u81ea\u5076\u5c14\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9e3f\u8fd0\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u6765\u81ea\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u5c0f\u5b9e\u60e0\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be .(Abraham Lincoln ,American president )
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u591a\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u591a\u5e78\u798f\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u6797\u80af. A.)
The secret of being miserable is to have leisure to bother about whether you are happy or not . (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist )
\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u5728\u4e8e\u6709\u95f2\u529f\u592b\u62c5\u5fc3\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u5e78\u798f\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3 . G .)
The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved .(
Victor Hugo , French novelist )
\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u662f\u575a\u4fe1\u6709\u4eba\u7231\u6211\u4eec\u3002( \u6cd5\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6 \u96e8\u679c. V .)
There is no paradise on earth equal to the union of love and innocence .(Jean Jacques Rousseau, French thinker )
\u4eba\u95f4\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u83ab\u5982\u65e2\u6709\u7231\u60c5\u53c8\u6e05\u767d\u65e0\u6687\u3002( \u6cd5\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6 \u5362\u68ad. J . J. )
To really understand a man we must judge him in misfortune .(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor )
\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u5728\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e2d\u8003\u5bdf\u4ed6\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d \u62ff\u7834\u4ed1. B .)
We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it . (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)
\u6b63\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6743\u53ea\u4eab\u53d7\u8d22\u5bcc\u800c\u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u8d22\u5bcc\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6743\u53ea\u4eab\u53d7\u5e78\u798f\u800c\u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u5e78\u798f\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G. )
TIME \u65f6\u95f4\u7bc7
At twenty years of age , the will reigns; at thirty , the wit ; and at forty , the judgment .(Benjamin Franklin ,American president)
\u4e8c\u5341\u5c81\u65f6\u8d77\u652f\u914d\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u662f\u610f\u5fd7,\u4e09\u5341\u5c81\u65f6\u662f\u673a\u667a,\u56db\u5341\u5c81\u65f6\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797 . B.)
Do you love life ? Then do not squander time ; for that's the stuff5 life is made of .(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u4f60\u70ed\u7231\u751f\u547d\u5417\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u522b\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u7531\u65f6\u95f4\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
Each moment in history is a fleeting time , precious and unique .(
Richard Nixon , American president )
\u5386\u53f2\u5de8\u8f6e\u98de\u8f6c\uff0c\u5206\u5206\u79d2\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5b9d\u8d35\uff0c\u4e5f\u72ec\u5177\u610f\u4e49\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5c3c\u514b\u677e. R.)
Fish and visitors smell three days .( Franklin Benjamin , American president )
\u9c7c\u653e\u4e09\u5929\u53d1\u81ed\uff0c\u5ba2\u4f4f\u4e09\u5929\u8ba8\u5acc\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
I am a slow walker , but I never walk backwards .(Abraham Lincoln , American president)
\u6211\u8d70\u5f97\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u540e\u9000\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u6797\u80af. A.)
If you want to understand today , you have to search yesterday .(
Pearl Buck , American female writer )
\u60f3\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u7814\u7a76\u6628\u5929\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0)
In delay there lies no plenty , Then come kiss me , sweet and twenty , Youth's a stuff that will not endure . (William Shakespeare , British dramatist)
\u8fc1\u5ef6\u8e49\u8dce\uff0c\u6765\u65e5\u65e0\u591a\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e3d\u59dd\uff0c\u8bf7\u6765\u543b\u6211\uff0c\u8870\u8349\u67af\u6768\uff0c\u9752\u6625\u6613\u8fc7\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a. W.)
Never leave that until tomorrow , which you can do today . (Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0d\u8981\u62d6\u5230\u660e\u5929\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B. )
Ordinary people merely think how they shall spend their time ; a man of talent tries to use it . (Arthur Schopenhauer , German philosopher )
\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u53ea\u60f3\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u5ea6\u8fc7\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6709\u624d\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u53d4\u672c\u534e. A. )
The golden age is before us , not behind us . (Mark Twain , American writer )
\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u524d\u800c\u4e0d\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u80cc\u540e\u3002( \u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
The time of life is short ; to spend that shortness basely, it would be too long . (William Shakespeare , British dramatist )
\u4eba\u751f\u82e6\u77ed\uff0c\u82e5\u865a\u5ea6\u5e74\u534e\uff0c\u5219\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5c31\u592a\u957f\u4e86\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a. W.)
Time is money .( Benjamin Franklin , American president)
\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u91d1\u94b1\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
To choose time is to save time .( Francis Bacon , British philosopher )
\u5408\u7406\u5b89\u6392\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u7ea6\u65f6\u95f4 \u3002( \u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839. F.)
We always have time enough , if we will but use it aright. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )
\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5584\u7528\u65f6\u95f4,\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6101\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba\u6b4c\u5fb7. J.W.)
Weep no more , no sigh , nor groan. Sorrow calls no time that's gone .(John Fletcher , British dramatist )
\u522b\u54ed\u6ce3\uff0c\u522b\u53f9\u606f\uff0c\u522b\u547b\u541f\uff1b\u60b2\u4f24\u5524\u4e0d\u56de\u6d41\u901d\u7684\u65f6\u5149\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u5f17\u83b1\u6c8f. J.)
STUDY \u5b66\u4e60\u7bc7
Eternal truths will be neither true nor eternal unless they have fresh meaning for every new social situation . (Franklin Roosevelt , American president )
E\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\u8d4b\u4e88\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49,\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7406,\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u7f57\u65af\u798f . F.)
Histories make men wise ; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep ; moral grave ; logic and rhetoric able to contend .
(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )
\u5386\u53f2\u4f7f\u4eba\u660e\u667a\uff1b\u8bd7\u8bcd\u4f7f\u4eba\u7075\u79c0\uff1b\u6570\u5b66\u4f7f\u4eba\u5468\u5bc6\uff1b\u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\u4f7f\u4eba\u6df1\u523b\uff1b\u4f26\u7406\u4f7f\u4eba\u5e84\u91cd\uff1b\u903b\u8f91\u4fee\u8f9e\u5b66\u4f7f\u4eba\u5584\u8fa8\u3002( \u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839. F.)
If you don't learn to think when you are young , you may never learn .(Thomas Edison , American inventor )
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4f1a\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u5b66\u4e0d\u4f1a\u601d\u8003\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f . T.)
Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.
(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )
\u5929\u751f\u7684\u624d\u5e72\u5982\u540c\u5929\u751f\u7684\u690d\u7269\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9760\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u4fee\u526a\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839 . F.)
WORK \u5de5\u4f5c\u7bc7
Don't gild the lily.
\u4e0d\u8981\u7ed9\u767e\u5408\u82b1\u9540\u91d1/\u753b\u86c7\u6dfb\u8db3\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a . W .)
I can live for two months on a good compliment. (Mark Twain , American writer)
\u53ea\u51ed\u4e00\u53e5\u8d5e\u7f8e\u7684\u8bdd\u6211\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5b9e\u5730\u6d3b\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
It is no use doing what you like ; you have got to like what you do .
(Winston Churchill , British prime minister)
\u4e0d\u80fd\u7231\u54ea\u884c\u624d\u5e72\u54ea\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u5e72\u54ea\u884c\u7231\u54ea\u884c\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u9996\u76f8 \u4e18\u5409\u5c14. W.)
My philosophy of life is work . (Thomas Alva Edison , American inventor)
\u6211\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u54f2\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6 \u7231\u8fea\u751f . T . A .)
When work is a pleasure , life is joy ! When work is duty , life is slavery .(Maxim Gorky , Russian writer )
\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e50\u8da3\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eab\u53d7\uff01\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e49\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u82e6\u5f79\u3002
(\u4fc4\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa. M.)
Work banishes those three great evils : boredom , vice, and poverty.
(Voltaire , French philosopher )
\u5de5\u4f5c\u64b5\u8dd1\u4e09\u4e2a\u9b54\u9b3c\uff1a\u65e0\u804a\u3001\u5815\u843d\u548c\u8d2b\u7a77\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u4f0f\u5c14\u57fa\u6cf0)
KNOWLEDGE \u77e5\u8bc6\u7bc7
Activity is the only road to knowledge .
(George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)
\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u901a\u5f80\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u9053\u8def \u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u8096\u4f2f\u7eb3. G.)
A free man obtains knowledge from many sources 1 besides books .
(Thomas Jefferson , American president)
\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4eba\u9664\u4e86\u4ece\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8bb8\u591a\u522b\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u83b7\u5f97\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002(
\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u6770\u6590\u900a . T.)
A great part to the information I have was acquired by looking up something and finding something else on the way .(Adams Franklin , American humorist )
\u6211\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff1a\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6599\u65f6\u610f\u5916\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u53e6\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002
(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e7d\u9ed8\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. A.)
If a man empties his purse into his head , no man can take it away from him , an investment in knowledge always pays the best interest .
(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u503e\u5df2\u6240\u6709\u8ffd\u6c42\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u593a\u8d70\u5b83\uff1b\u5411\u77e5\u8bc6\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u6536\u76ca\u6700\u4f73\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797. B.)
Imagination is more important than knowledge .(Albert Einstein , American scientist )
\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u6bd4\u77e5\u8bc6\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 \u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766. A. )
Knowledge is power . (Francis Bacon , British philosopher )
\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c31\u662f\u529b\u91cf\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u57f9\u6839. F.)
The empty vessels make the greatest sound . (William Shakespeare , British dramatist )
\u6ee1\u74f6\u4e0d\u54cd\uff0c\u534a\u74f6\u54a3\u5f53\u3002 (\u82f1\u56fd\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a. W.)
EDUCATION \u6559\u80b2\u7bc7
And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet)
\u52e4\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u4e50\u610f\u65bd\u6559\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba, \u4e54\u53df)
Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune .(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)
\u4e0e\u5176\u4e0d\u53d7\u6559\u80b2,\u4e0d\u5982\u4e0d\u751f,\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u77e5\u662f\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u6839\u6e90.(\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u67cf\u62c9\u56fe)
Genius17 without education is like silver in the mine. (Benjamin Franklin , American president )
\u672a\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u77ff\u4e2d\u4e4b\u94f6\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf \u5bcc\u5170\u514b. B.)
The roots of education are bitter , but the fruit is sweet .(Aristotle , Ancient Greek philosopher )
\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6839\u662f\u82e6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u679c\u5b9e\u662f\u751c\u7684\u3002( \u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 \u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7)
CULTURE \u6587\u5316\u7bc7
A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight .(P. B. Shelley , British poet )
\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u8bd7\u7bc7\u5373\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u55b7\u51fa\u667a\u6167\u548c\u6b22\u6b23\u4e4b\u6c34\u7684\u55b7\u6cc9\u3002(\u82f1\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba \u96ea\u83b1. P. B)
A novel is a mirror walking along a main road .( Stendhcl , French writer )
\u4e00\u90e8\u5c0f\u8bf4\u72b9\u5982\u4e00\u9762\u5728\u5927\u8857\u4e0a\u8d70\u7684\u955c\u5b50\u3002 (\u6cd5\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6 \u53f8\u6c64\u8fbe)
Art is a lie that tells the truth .( Picasso , Spanish painter )
\u7f8e\u672f\u662f\u63ed\u793a\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\u3002 (\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u753b\u5bb6 \u6bd5\u52a0\u7d22)
Humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest. (Mark Twain , American novelist )
\u5e7d\u9ed8\u88ab\u4eba\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee5\u8bda\u631a\u8868\u8fbe\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5bd3\u6df1\u601d\u4e8e\u5b09\u7b11\u201d\u3002(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6 \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5410\u6e29)
The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation ; the two keep in their downward tendency.( Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )
\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u8870\u843d\u8868\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8870\u843d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u8d70\u4e0b\u5761\u8def\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u9f50\u5934\u5e76\u8fdb\u7684\u3002(\u5fb7\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba \u6b4c\u5fb7 . J . W .)
When one loves one's art no service seems too hard .( O. Henry, American novelist )
\u4e00\u65e6\u70ed\u7231\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u5949\u732e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u96be\u3002 (\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6 \u6b27\u00b7\u4ea8\u5229)
Victorian writer, a humane freethinker, whose insightful psychological novels paved way to modern character portrayals - contemporary of Dostoevsky (1821-1881), who at the same time in Russia developed similar narrative techniques. Eliot's liaison with the married writer and editor George Henry Lewes arise among the rigid Victorians much indignation, which calmed down with the progress of her literary fame.
"Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning, as it was to Adam and Eve, who kept their honeymoon in Eden, but had their first little one among the thorns and thistles of the wilderness. It is still the beginning of the home epic - the gradual conquest or irremediable loss of that complete union which makes the advancing years as a climax, and age the harvest of sweet memories in common." (from Middlemarch, 1871-72)
Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot) was born in Chilvers Coton, Warwickshire. Her father was a carpenter who rose to be a land agent. When she was a few months old, the family moved to Griff, a 'cheerful red-brick, ivory-covered house', and there Eliot spent 21 years of his life among people that he later depicted in her novels. She was educated at home and in several schools, and developed a strong evangelical piety at Mrs. Wallington's School at Neneaton. However, later Eliot rejected her dogmatic faith. When her mother died in 1836, she took charge of the family household. In 1841 she moved with her father to Coventry, where she lived with him until his death in 1849. During this time she met Charles Bray, a free-thinking Coventry manufacturer. His wife, Caroline (Cara) was the sister of Charles Hennel, the author of a work entitled An Inquiry Concerning the Origin of Christianity (1838). The reading of this and other rationalistic works influenced deeply Eliot's thoughts. After her father's death, Eliot travelled around Europe. She settled in London and took up work as subeditor of Westminster Review.
In Coventry she met Charles Bray and later Charles Hennell, who introduced her to many new religious and political ideas. Under Eliot's control the Westminster Review enjoyed success. She became the centre of a literary circle, one of whose members was George Henry Lewes, who would be her companion until his death in 1878. Lewes's wife was mentally unbalanced and she had already had two children by another man. In 1854 Eliot went to Germany with Lewes. Their unconventional union caused some difficulties because Lewes was still married and he was unable to obtain divorce. Eliot did not inform her close friends Caroline and Sarah Hennell about her decision to live with Lewes - the both friends were shocked and angry because she had not trusted them.
Eliot's first collection of tales, Scenes of Clerical Life, appeared in 1858 under the pseudonym George Eliot - in those days writing was considered to be a male profession. It was followed by her first novel, Adam Bede, a tragic love story in which the model for the title character was Eliot's father. He was noted for his great physical strength, which enabled him to carry loads that three average men could barely handle. When impostors claimed authorship of Adam Bede, it was revealed that Marian Evans, the Westminster reviewer, was George Eliot. The book was a brilliant success. Her other major works include The Mill on the Floss (1860), a story of destructive family relations, and Silas Marner (1861). Silas Marner, a linen-weaver, has accumulated a goodly sum of gold. He was falsely judged guilty of theft 15 years before and left his community. Squire Cass' son Dunstan steals Marner's gold and disappears. Marner takes care of an orphaned little girl, Eppie and she becomes for him more precious than the lost property. Sixteen years later the skeleton of Dunstan and Marner's gold is found. Godfrey Cass, Dunstal's brother, admits that he is the father of Eppie. He married the girl's mother, opium-ridden Molly Farren secretly before hear death. Eppie and Silas Marner don't wish to separate when Godfrey tries to adopt the girl. In the end Eppie marries Aaron Winthorp, who accepts Silas Marner as part of the household.
Middlemarch (1871-72), her greatest novel, was probably inspired by her life at Coventry. The story follows the sexual and intellectual frustrations of Dorothea Brooke. Eliot weaves into her story other narrative lines, which offer a sad comment upon human aspirations. Among Eliot's translation works are D.F. Strauss's Das Leben Jesu kritisch bearbeitet (published anonymously in 1846), Ludwig Feuerbach's Das Wesen des Christentum, and Spinoza's Ethics (unpublished). Eliot's thoughts of religion were considered at that time advanced. When she visited Cambridge University in 1873 and discussed with F.W.H. Mayers of "the words of God, Immortality, and Duty", she pronounced "with terrible earnestness how inconceivable was the first, how unbelievable was the second, and yet how peremptory and absolute the third."
Middlemarch is a novel of English provincial life in the early nineteenth century, just before the Reform Bill of 1832. The book was called by the famous American writer Henry James a 'treasure-house of detail.' It fuses several stories and characters, creating a a network of parallels and contrasts. One of Eliot's main concerns is the way which the past moulds the present and the attempts of various characters to control the future. Harold Bloom has noted in The Western Canon (1994) the implicit but clear relation of the work to Dante's Comedy. Dorothea, an idealistic young woman, marries the pedantic Casaubon. After his death she marries Will Ladislaw, Casaubon's young cousin, a vaguely artistic outsider. Doctor Tertius Lydgate is trapped with the egoistic Rosamond Vincy, the town's beauty. Lydgate becomes involved in a scandal, and he dies at 50, his ambitions frustrated. Other characters are Bulstrode, a banker and a religious hypocrite, Mary Garth, the practical daughter of a land agent, and Fred Vincy, the son of the mayor of Middlemarch. For modern feminist readers Middlemarch has been a disappointment: Dorothea was not prepared to give up marriage. "'I know that I must expect trials, uncle. Marriage is a state of higher duties, I never thought of it as mere personal ease,' said poor Dorothea." However, Eliot's lament for Dorothea left no doubts about her views: "Some have felt that these blundering lives are due to the inconvenient indefiniteness with which the Supreme Power has fashioned the nature of women: if there were one level of feminine incompetence as strict as the ability to count three and no more, the social lot of women might be treated with scientific certitude. Meanwhile the indefiniteness remains, the the limits of variation are really much wider than any one would imagine from the sameness of women's coiffure and the favorite lovestories in prose and verse." - The book is required reading in university English courses.
In 1860-61 Eliot spent some time in Italy collecting material for her historical romance Romola. It was published serially first in the Cornhill Magazine and in book form in 1863. Henry James considered it the finest thing she wrote, "but its defects are almost on the scale of its beauties." In 1871 she mentioned to Alexander Main: "I have the conviction that excessive literary production is a social offence." When Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote admiringly of Silas Marner in 1869 Eliot began a correspondence with her. In a letter from 1876 she wrote about Daniel Deronda (1876): "As to the Jewish element in 'Deronda', I expected from first to last in writing it, that it would create much stronger resistance and even repulsion than it has actually met with. But precisely because I felt that the usual attitude of Christians towards Jews is - I hardly know whether to say more impious or more stupid when viewed in the light of their professed principles, I therefore felt urged to treat Jews with such sympathy and understanding as my nature and knowledge could attain to. Moreover, not only towards the Jews, but towards all oriental peoples with whom we English come in contact, a spirit of arrogance and contemptuous dictatorialness is observable which has become a national disgrace to us."
After Lewes's death Eliot married twenty years younger friend, John Cross, an American banker, on May 6, 1880. They made a trip to Italy and according to a story, he jumped in Venice from their hotel balcony into the Grand Canal. After honeymoon they returned to London, where she died of a kidney ailment on the same year on December 22. Cross never married again. In her will she expressed her wish to be buried in Westminster Abbey, but Dean Stanley of Westminster Abbey rejected the idea and Eliot was buried in Highgate Cemetery. Eliot's interest in the interior life of human beings, moral problems and strains, anticipated the narrative methods of modern literature. D.H. Lawrence once wrote: "It was really George Eliot who started it all. It was she started putting action inside." The young Henry James described her "magnificently, awe-inspiringly ugly," but also studied her work carefully, critically, and acknowledged her greatness as a writer: "What is remarkable, extraordinary - and the process remains inscrutable and mysterious - is that this quiet, anxious, sedentary, serious, invalidical English lady, without animal spirits, without adventures, without extravagance, assumption, or bravado, should have made us believe that nothing in the world was alien to her; should have produced such rich, deep, masterly pictures of the multifold life of man." (Henry James in The Atlantic monthly, May 1885)
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