施工准备阶段质量控制措施 施工准备阶段对质量控制的主要工作有哪些？
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1)仔细阅读岩土工程勘察报告、现场水文地质试验报告,了解场地土层分布情况和地下水的稳定水位(或承压水头)、地下水的类型(潜水、承压水、上层滞水等)、土层的渗透系数,了解基坑开挖深度和水位的降深要求、周围建(构)筑物等情况。
2)由于基坑井点降水施工专业性较强,应对承(分)包商进行全面审查。审查重点包括企业资质证书、营业执照、相关业绩、企业信誉、设备和技术能力,施工能力、成熟经验、人员配置、企业信誉,并对其提供的业绩项目进行查证核实。
3)严格审查降水设计及施工方案。明确基坑井点降水方法(轻型井点、喷射井点、管井还是深井井点),井点管的长度、构造、数量和材质,降水设备的型号和数量,井点系统布置图,降水相关的技术要求,井孔施工方法及设备,现场管理组织机构及职责分工,质量和安全技术措施。应审查降水施工方案中是否比较详细地论述了基坑降水对周围环境可能产生的影响。包括降水场区或基坑周围地面建筑物、管线可能产生的沉降、塌陷、裂缝、位移等环境工程地质问题。基坑开挖过程中,是否可能出现疏干含水层中残留水头引起基坑边坡渗水失稳坍塌;或由于承压水降水,基坑开挖后引起底板隆起等不良地质现象。应审查降水施工方案中,针对降水过程中可能产生的对环境不良影响问题、现象,是否考虑了相应措施、对策及处理预案。审查基坑降水观测点的设置及观测记录方案等,并提出审核意见。
4)检查进场施工材料及机械设备。所有施工设备与材料进场时,必须提供设备厂家的资质和出厂合格证明,以及由国家认证的质检部门提供的有效质检合格证书。材料质量应符合设计要求,机械设备试运转良好并可满足施工工艺要求。对不符合施工方案和质量标准的材料、设备不准进入施工现场,所有材料必须向监理报验,否则一律不准使用,并应做好检查记录。如对进场材料质量或检验证明有疑问时,应向施工单位提出,并要求施工单位补做检验或做出解释和处理。
5)做好降水工程管理质量控制的监理,协助施工单位完善质量管理体系,包括行政质量管理体系、技术质量管理体系。
6)审查安全生产措施是否切实可行、可靠安全。
7)按设计图纸要求复核降水井点、测量定位,符合要求后方可进入下道工序。
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