麻烦各位达人帮我总结英语现在完成时态的用法。越简单越好啊，太长了看不进去。 请今年升初1的成绩好的学长进来看一下，小弟预初生遇到大麻烦
\u6c42\u52a9\u82f1\u8bed\u9898!\u5e2e\u5e2e\u6211\u5404\u4f4d\u8c22\u8c22\uff011. \u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u5206\u6570\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u7528\u57fa\u6570\u8bcd\uff0c\u5206\u6bcd\u7528\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5206\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u6bcd\u7684\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd\u8981\u52a0s,\u6240\u4ee53/5\u5c31\u662fthree fifths\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f1/5\u5c31\u662fone fifth\u3002
2. \u9996\u5148\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u5199\u5728\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4e0a\u201d\u662f\u7528write on sth. \u8fd9\u91ccto\u8868\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u8bf7\u7ed9\u6211\u4e00\u5f20\u7eb8\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u3002
3. at the end of , in the end of \u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6216\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0cin the end\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u610f\uff0cby the end of\u662f\u8868\u793a\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u675f\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u65f6\u6001\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u5c31\u662f\u95ee\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u201chave learned\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u662f\u9009\u8fd9\u4e2a\u54af\u3002
4. I don't think \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5426\u5b9a\u5728\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5i don't think he is young enough to drive a car\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662fI think he is old enough to drive a car\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ed6\u53ea\u670913\u5c81\uff0c\u9009\u62e9C\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u4e0d\u5408\u9898\u610f\uff1f\uff1f
5. \u9898\u610f\u9996\u5148\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u53ea\u67094\u5c81\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5he is not old enough to go...\uff0c\u8be5\u53e5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\uff0che is too young to go.... \u4ed6\u592a\u5c0f\u4e86\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u3002\u3002\u3002
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff08Present perfect\uff09
\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u540e\u679c
\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001
\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd(done)
\u2460\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u4ed6
\u2461\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has+not+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u4ed6
\u2462\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1aHave/Has+\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u4ed6
\u2463\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd+\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff08have/has+\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u4ed6\uff09
1 \u3001\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u6784\u6210\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u7684\u6784\u6210\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56db\u70b9\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5219\uff1a
(1)\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u201c ed \u201d\u3002
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)\u3001\u4ee5\u201c e \u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0\u201c d \u201d\u3002
live---lived---lived ,
(3)\u3001\u4ee5\u201c\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd + y \u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c06 "y" \u53d8\u4e3a "i" \uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u201c ed \u201d\u3002
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,
play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed
(4)\u3001\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u672b\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5148\u53cc\u5199\u8be5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u201c ed \u201d\u3002
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
2 \u3001\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a
AAA\u578b
\u539f\u578b \u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
burst burst burst
cast cast cast
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread
let let let
AAB\u578b
beat beat beaten
ABA\u578b
become became become
run ran run
come came come
\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5
read read read
read\u539f\u5f62\u53d1\u97f3\u4e3a/ri:d/,\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u53d1\u97f3\u4e3a/red/
ABB\u578b
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
build built built
burn burnt burnt
catch caught caught
dig dug dug
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
hear heard heard
hold held held
keep kept kept
lay laid laid
lead led led
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
sell sold sold
shoot shot shot
sit sat sat
stand stood stood
sweep swept swept
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
win won won
ABC\u578b
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
draw drew drawn
drive drove driven
drink drank drunk
fly flew flown
forgive forgave forgiven
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
give gave given
grow grew grown
know knew known
ride rode ridden
rise rose risen
ring rang rung
shake shook shaken
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
swim swam swum
throw threw thrown
write wrote written
[\u7f16\u8f91\u672c\u6bb5]\u7528\u6cd5
\uff081\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001,\u4f46\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u8054\u7cfb,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4,\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728.
I have spent all of my money.(\u542b\u4e49\u662f:\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u94b1\u82b1\u4e86.)
Jane has laid the table.(\u542b\u4e49\u662f:\u73b0\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u5df2\u7ecf\u6446\u597d\u4e86.)
Michael has been ill.(\u542b\u4e49\u662f:\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u865a\u5f31)
He has returned from abroad. (\u542b\u4e49\u662f:\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u5728\u6b64\u5730)
\uff082\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684,\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\uff09\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff08be\u52a8\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\uff09\u5e38\u4e0efor\uff08+\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\uff09,since\uff08+\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff09\u8fde\u7528.
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
\u6ce8\uff08\u8d85\u91cd\u8981\uff09\uff1a\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\uff08buy,die,join,lose\u2026\u2026\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0efor since \u8fde\u7528\u3002\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd
come-be
go out-be out
finish-be over
open-be open
die-be dead
\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026
1.have\u4ee3\u66ffbuy
My brother has had(\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528has bought) this bike for almost four years.
2\u3001\u7528keep\u6216have\u4ee3\u66ffborrow
I have kept(\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
3\u3001\u7528be\u66ff\u4ee3become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
4\u3001\u7528have a cold\u4ee3\u66ffcatch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
5\u3001\u7528wear\u4ee3\u66ffput on
b)\u7528\u201cbe\uff0b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u201d\u4ee3\u7ec8\u6b62\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd
1\u3001be\uff0bmarried\u4ee3marry 2\u3001be\uff0bill\u4ee3fall (get) ill
3\u3001be\uff0bdead\u4ee3die 4\u3001be\uff0basleep\u4ee3fall (get) asleep
5\u3001be\uff0bawake\u4ee3wake/wake up 6\u3001be\uff0bgone\u4ee3lose,die,sell,leave
7\u3001be\uff0bopen\u4ee3open 8\u3001be closed\u4ee3close/shut
9\u3001be\uff0bmissing(gone,lost)\u4ee3lose
c)\u7528\u201cbe\uff0b\u526f\u8bcd\u201d\u4ee3\u7ec8\u6b62\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd
1\u201cbe\uff0bon\u201d\u4ee3start,begin
2\u201cbe\uff0bup\u201d\u4ee3get up
3\u201cbe\uff0bback(to)\u201d\u4ee3return to,come back to,go back to
4\u201cbe here (there)\u201d\u4ee3come(arrive,reach,get) here\u6216go (arrive,reach,get) there\u7b49\u7b49
d)\u7528\u201cbe\uff0b\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u201d\u4ee3\u7ec8\u6b62\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd
1.\u201cbe in/at +\u5730\u70b9\u201d\u4ee3\u66ffgo to /come to
2.\u7528be in the army \u4ee3\u66ffjoin the army
3.\u201cbe in/at +\u5730\u70b9\u201d\u4ee3\u66ffmove to
\u5e38\u7528\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u8868\uff1a
1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.
\u2192have been in sw./at\u2026\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd
2. have come/gone back/returned \u2192 have been back
3. have come/gone out \u2192have been out
4. have become \u2192 have been
5. have closed / opened\u2192 have been close/open
6. have got up \u2192 have been up\uff1b
7. have died \u2192 have been dead\uff1b
8. have left sw. \u2192 have been away from sw.
9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep \u2192 have been asleep\uff1b
10. have finished/ended/completed \u2192 have been over\uff1b
11. havemarried \u2192 have been married\uff1b
12. have started/begun to do sth. \u2192 have done sth. \uff1b
13. have begun \u2192 have been on
14. have borrowed/bought \u2192have kept/had
15. have lost \u2192 haven\u2019t had
16. have put on \u2192have worn
17. have caught /get a cold \u2192 have had a cold\uff1b
18. have got to know \u2192 have known
19. have/has gone to \u2192 have been in
20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army
\u2192have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party\u2019s member/the league member/the soldier\u2026
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a 1.\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u4e0e\u51c6\u786e\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u7528\uff0c(\u5982\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff09
\u5982yesterday(morning\u3001afternoon),last(morning\u3001afternoon)\u7b49\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4e0efor,since\u8fde\u7528.
2.\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u540c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528
,\u5982already\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\uff09, yet\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u7591\u95ee\uff09, just, before, recently,still, lately\u7b49:
He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet ?
3. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u9891\u5ea6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528,
\u5982often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion\u7b49:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
4. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8fd8\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5185\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528,
\u5982now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, today, up to present, so far\u7b49:
Peter has written six papers so far.
Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.
The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
Up to the present everything has been successful.
5. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u91cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c.
We have had four texts this semester.
6.\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684"\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5"
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684"\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5"\u6307\u7684\u662f\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5e76\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u60c5\u51b5\u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHe has turned off the light.\u4ed6\u5df2\u628a\u706f\u5173\u4e86\u3002(\u52a8\u4f5c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5--\u706f\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u4eae\u4e86\u3002)
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6"\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5"\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u65f6\u6001\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed(\u5982\uff1aalready\uff0cyet\uff0cbefore\uff0crecently\u7b49)\u3001\u9891\u5ea6\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed(\u5982\uff1anever\uff0cever\uff0conce\u7b49)\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u523b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed(\u5982\uff1athis morning \uff0f month \uff0fyear...\uff0ctoday\u7b49)\u8fde\u7528\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a Have you found your pen yet\uff1f\u4f60\u5df2\u627e\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u94a2\u7b14\u4e86\u5417\uff1f
7.\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684"\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5"
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684"\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5"\u6307\u7684\u662f\u52a8\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHe has lived here since 1978.\u81ea\u4ece1978\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u4f4f\u5728\u8fd9\u513f\u3002(\u52a8\u4f5c\u8d77\u59cb\u4e8e1978\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4f4f\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f4f\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002)
I have been in the army for more than 5 years.\u6211\u5728\u90e8\u961f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5446\u4e86\u4e94\u5e74\u591a\u4e86\u3002(\u52a8\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e5\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002)
\u6b64\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u53e5\u4e2d\u5e38\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u72b6\u8bed(\u7531since\u6216for\u5f15\u5bfc)\uff0c\u6216\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u523b\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed(\u5982\uff1aup to now\uff0cso far)\u7b49\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aI have heard nothing from him up to now.\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6d88\u606f\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a(1)\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7528\u6cd5\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec8\u6b62\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373\u77ac\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\u6216\u5ef6\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\uff1acome\uff0cgo\uff0carrive\uff0cleave\uff0cjoin\uff0cbecome\uff0cdie\u7b49\u3002
8.\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4+has passed+since\u4ece\u53e5
9. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5e38\u548c\u77ed\u8bed "up to now /till now", "so far" (\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728.)
Up to/till now he's read many story books. \u81f3\u4eca\u4ed6\u5df2\u8bfb\u8fc7\u597d\u591a\u6545\u4e8b\u4e66\u3002
I've been to New York three times so far. \u81f3\u4eca\u6211\u5df2\u5230\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53bb\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u3002
10 has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) \u7684\u533a\u522b
gone:\u53bb\u4e86\u6ca1\u56de
been to :\u53bb\u8fc7
been in\uff1a\u5446\u4e86\u5f88\u4e45
11.\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0ewhen\u8fde\u7528
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u5740\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u671f\u672b\u82f1\u8bed\u8003\u4e8699.5\uff0c\u5c31\u9519\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\u3002\u6211\u770b\u4e86\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u5740\u91cc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e3e\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u7684\uff01
1. 用于“表示动作到现在为止已经完成”。例如，He has bought a book.
2. 用于“表示动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在”。例如，He has had the book for one year.
这样学简单明了。
终止性动词的现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去但对现在有影响，现在完成时就是强调的对现在的影响，即强调过去的动作对现在造成的结果。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
延续性动词的现在完成时 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在，现在还是这种情况，经常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
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绛旓細浣犲彲浠ュ厛鎶婂彞瀛愭媶寮鏉ュ垎鏋愶細If these intimations (of a something behind and beyond) are not evil humour (born of digestion).杩欐牱浣犲彲浠ョ湅鍑鸿繖鍙ヨ瘽鐨勬槸涓荤郴琛ㄧ粨鏋勶紝鎷彿澶栫殑渚挎槸鍩烘湰鎴愬垎銆傜涓涓嫭鍙烽噷闈㈢殑涓滆タ浣渋ntimations鐨勫畾璇紝behind and beyond鎸夌収瀛楅潰鎰忔濇潵鐞嗚В灏辨槸鍐呭湪鐨勫拰涔嬪鐨勶紝涔熷氨...
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绛旓細绗叚娈碉細be equal to 杩欐槸閫氬父鐨勭敤娉曪紝涓嶅缓璁敤epual 浣滃姩璇 绗崄娈碉細 fear about 寤鸿鏀逛负for fear of sth.绗崄涓娈碉細you are encouraged and continue to struggle 寤鸿鏀逛负you are encouraged to continue to struggle for your dream.绗崄鍥涙锛 but it will develop into grea...
绛旓細typical of a politician鐩稿綋浜巜hich is typicial of a politicial鐨勭渷鐣 鎵浠ypical of a politicial鏄仛answer鐨勫悗缃畾璇
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绛旓細9.涓庝互鑻辫涓烘瘝璇殑浜轰氦璋堟槸闈炲父鏈夌泭鐨勪綋楠岋紝浠庝腑鎴戜滑鑳藉鍒拌澶氫笢瑗裤俰t is very helpful for us to talk with native English speakers, and we can learn a lot from that.10.鍦ㄥ競闀跨殑甯姪涓嬶紝鎴戜滑鏈缁堣幏鍑嗘帴瑙﹁繖璧蜂氦閫氫簨鏁呯殑鍙楀鑰呫俉ith the mayor鈥檚 help, we finally found the victim ...
