如何形成一个良好的编程风格 怎么养成一个良好的编程思想？
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if (x is true) { we do y }
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int function(int x) { body of function }
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do { body of do-loop } while (condition);
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if (x == y) { .. } else if (x > y) { ... } else { .... }
\u7406\u7531: K&R.
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function-growth-hormone-imbalancesyndrome.
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\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b,\u4f60\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48,\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u7684.\u800c\u4e14,\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u6ce8\u91ca\u63d2\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u91cc:\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u590d\u6742,\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca,\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u56de\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u770b\u770b.\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e9b\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u6765\u6ce8\u660e\u6216\u8b66\u544a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\u806a\u660e(\u6216\u6781\u5176\u4e11\u964b)\u7684\u90e8\u5206,\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u591a.\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f,\u5c06\u6ce8\u91ca\u5199\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u524d,\u544a\u8bc9\u522b\u4eba\u5b83\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5,\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a.
\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0:\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6df1\u9677\u5176\u4e2d\u4e86.
\u4e0d\u8981\u7740\u6025.\u4f60\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u544a\u4e4b"GUN emacs"\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5e2e\u4f60\u5904\u7406C\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f,\u800c\u4e14\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64,\u4f46\u662f,\u7f3a\u7701\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b,\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f(\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a,\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bd4\u968f\u4fbf\u6572\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8fd8\u8981\u96be\u770b- ainfinite number of monkeys typing into GNU emacs would never make a good program)
\u4e8e\u662f,\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u4e48\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528GUN emacs,\u8981\u4e48\u8ba9\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528sanervalules.\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u8005,\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u4f60\u7684.emacs\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d.(defun linux-c-mode() "C mode with adjusted defaults for use with the Linux kernel."(interactive) (c-mode) (c-set-style"K&R") (setq c-basic-offset8))
\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aM-x Linux-c-mode\u7684\u547d\u4ee4.\u5f53\u4f60hacking\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u5982\u4f55\u4f60\u5c06-*- linux-c -*-\u8f93\u5165\u5728\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e24\u884c,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528.\u800c\u4e14,\u4f60\u4e5f\u8bb8\u60f3\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b
(setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("/usr/src/linux.*/.*.\u3016ch\u3017$" . linux-c-mode) auto-mode-alist))
\u5230\u4f60\u7684.emacs\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d,\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd,\u5f53\u4f60\u5728/usr/src/linux\u4e0b\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u5230linux-c-mode .
\u4f46\u662f,\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9emaces\u53bb\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f,\u4e0d\u8981\u7d27\u5f20,\u4f60\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u6837\u4e1c\u897f: "\u7f29\u8fdb" .
GNU\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5f88\u6b7b\u677f,\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u51e0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879.\u7136\u800c,\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u7b97\u592a\u574f,\u56e0\u4e3aGNU\u7f29\u8fdb\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb0\u5f97K&R\u7684\u6743\u5a01, (GNU\u6ca1\u6709\u7f6a,\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec) ,\u4f60\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u9009\u9879"-kr -i8"(\u8868\u793a"K&R,\u7f29\u8fdb8\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26).
"\u7f29\u8fdb"\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd,\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u5b83\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u91cd\u65b0\u683c\u5f0f\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9.\u4f46\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f: "\u7f29\u8fdb"\u4e0d\u662f\u98ce\u683c\u5f88\u5dee\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e07\u7075\u4e39.
http://www.nou.com.cn/portal/Article/itjs/jsjj/cxsj/200511/20051104115145.html
JAVA\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\u7b80\u6790
\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u90fd\u5728\u4f53\u4f1a\u7740JAVA\u7684\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u505a\u4e00\u7b80\u5355\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u63d0\u5b9d\u8d35\u610f\u89c1\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5b83\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u90a3\u79cd\u81ea\u660e\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\uff08\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f17\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u8eab\u6709\u4f53\u4f1a\uff09\uff01\u4f46\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u6301\u4e45\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u4e2d\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7559\u4e0b\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8bfb\u61c2\u5e76\u4e14\u4fee\u6539\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u628a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684java\u98ce\u683c\u505a\u4e00\u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528java\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5c0fGuide\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u5e2e\u6211\u9646\u7eed\u603b\u7ed3\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002
\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u6982\u8ff0
\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u6761\u6761\u6846\u6846\u6240\u7d2f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u80fd\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b\u6f5c\u539f\u5219\u9760\u62e2\u3002
\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fbe\u5230\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f29\u6392\u6392\u5217\u3001\u540d\u5b57\u91c7\u7528\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u957f\uff08\u77ed\u540d\u5e94\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u5728\u975e\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff09\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u540d\u79f0\u6bd4\u5982pi\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3afinal\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u6027\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u628a\u4ee3\u7801\u5212\u5206\u5230\u7c7b\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u628a\u529f\u80fd\u5212\u5206\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u522b\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc750\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c06\u63a5\u8fd1100\uff05\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u628a\u5927\u65b9\u6cd5\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5c0f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u8c03\u7528JAVA\u6807\u51c6\u7c7b\u5e93\u3002
\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u89c1\u5230\u8bba\u575b\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u8be2\u95ee\u8bf8\u5982\u5728java\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528c\u3001\u8c03\u7528php\u3001\u8c03\u7528shell\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f18\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002
\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cfields
\u7c7b\u5e94\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u67d0\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8981\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u6c7d\u8f66\u201d\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7c7bCar\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u62ec\u57df\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u548ccar\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08color, number of doors, age\u7b49\uff09\u548c\u7531car\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08getColor, setColor\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7c7b\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002
\u7c7b\u540d\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982Date, String, Hashtable\u7b49 ... ...
\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a(\u672a\u4f7f\u7528Javadoc\u505a\u6ce8\u91ca):
public class Car {
/* Instance variables are placed either in the beginning
or at the end of the class */
private int age;
private Color color;
/* The constructor should be placed in the beginning */
public Car(int age, Color color) {
this.age = age;
this.color = color;
}
/* Example method */
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
/* The main method is optional, but looks like this.
If it exists, it is either the first or the last
method in the class */
public static void main(String [] args) {
...
}
}
\u6ce8\u610f\u7c7b\u540d\u548c\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff01
\u65b9\u6cd5
\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3apublic\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u7528\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3aprivate\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u6cbf\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3aprotected\u3002
java\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5219\u5927\u5199\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u9605\u8bfb\u6574\u7bc7\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u540d\u65f6\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u77ed\u6216\u8005\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u5927\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\uff08\u52a8\u5bbe\u77ed\u8bed\uff09\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
public void eat() {}
public void eatBananas() {}
Selector\uff08\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709get\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u540e\u7f00\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u8981get\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982
public int getBananas() {}
Mutator\uff08\u5b58\u53d6\u5668\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u6709set\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u540e\u7f00\u5219\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981set\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982
public void setBananas(int amount) {}
\u6ce8\u610fmutators\u5927\u591a\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002
\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5e94\u5f53\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\uff1a
public void aMethod(type parameter1, type parameter2, ... , type parametern) {}
\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u65ad\u5f00\u4e3a\u51e0\u884c\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u9f50\u5411\u4e0b\u6392\u5217\u5982\uff1a
public void aMethod(type parameter1, type parameter2,... ,
type parametern, type parameter n+1,... ,
type parameterm, type parameter m+1) {}
\u53e6\u5916\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7c7b\u7684\u5de6\u675f\u62ec\u53f7\u5e94\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53f3\u675f\u62ec\u53f7\u4e4b\u540e\u800c\u975e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c:
public int aMethod() {
int i = 0;
if(i == 0)
System.out.println("success\uff01");
}
\u4e3a\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8bed\u53e5\u6700\u597d\u5199\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e00\u884c\u5199\u4e0d\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u65ad\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u884c\u5b57\u6bcd\u8d85\u8fc780\u3002
fields
\u6bd4\u5982\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u6c38\u4e45\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5e94\u8bbe\u4e3aprivate\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684node\uff09\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3apublic\uff0c\u5e38\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u58f0\u660e\u4e3apublic\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u5e95\u8be5\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5e94\u6682\u4e14\u58f0\u660e\u4e3aprivate\u3002
field\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u6a2a\u7ebf\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a
int i, j, k;
Date date;
double myField;
\u5e38\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u5168\u90e8\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u6a2a\u7ebf\uff1a
public static final int MAX_SIZE_OF_DATABASE
fields\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684fields\u66f4\u5e94\u5177\u5907\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u5f97\u5206\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528score\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u8f83\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u90a3\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u5c31ok\u4e86\uff1a
i, j, k \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u6570
r, t, u, v, w \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u5b9e\u6570
x, y, z \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u73b0\u6216\u4ee3\u8868\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570
s, s1, s2, \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
c, ch \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u5b57\u7b26
f, file \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u4ef6
tmp, temp \u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf
ctr, cnt, cntr \u4e00\u822c\u4ee3\u8868\u8ba1\u6570\u5668(\u5982\u679ci, j, k\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u5df2\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528)
dummy, foo, bar \u4e00\u822c\u4ee3\u8868\u54d1\u5143\u53d8\u91cf
args \u662fmain-method\u7684\u4e3b\u53c2\u6570\u540d
\u7f29\u6392\u4e0e\u6362\u884c
\u6bcf\u884c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc780\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u6298\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e00\u884c\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7f29\u6392\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u9519\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u884c\u3001\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u5efa\u7acb\u5141\u8bb8\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e00\u822c\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u7f29\u6392\u7a7a\u683c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a2\u4e2a\u62164\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u3002
\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f
\u5982\u679c\u89c1\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a
if (expr)
statement1;
else
statement2;
\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u5411\u53f3\u9519\u6392\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u6761\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5927\u62ec\u53f7:
if (expr){
statement1;
statement2;
} else{
statement3;
statement4;
}
\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6761\u4ef6\u5d4c\u5957\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u6ce8\u610felse\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\uff01\u5982\u4f8b\uff1a
if (expr1) {
statement1;
statement2;
} else if (expr2)
statement3;
else if (expr3) {
statement4;
statement5;
} else {
statement6;
statement7;
}
\u6ce8\u610f\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff01
Loops
while-loop\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
while (expr) {
statement1;
statement2;
}
for-loop\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
for (expr1; expr2; expr3){
statement1;
statement2;
}
\u6ce8\u610f\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff01\u4ec5\u4e00\u6761\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u7701\u7565\uff1a
while (expr)
statement;
for (expr1; expr2; expr3)
statement;
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aprocedure\u5199\u51fa1\u523010\u8fd9\u5341\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff1a
for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
System.out.println(i);
try-catch\u8bed\u6cd5\u5f62\u5982\uff1a
try {
statements;
} catch (ExceptionClass e) {
statements;
}
\u5982\u679ctry-catch\u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u8ddf\u968ffinally\u5b50\u53e5\u5219\u5f62\u5982\uff1a
try {
statements;
} catch (ExceptionClass e) {
statements;
} finally {
statements;
}
\u65b0\u884c
\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6700\u597d\u53ea\u9610\u8ff0\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u591a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u884c\u529e\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u4e00\u4e2aif\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u65ad\u884c\u7684\u6613\u8bfb\u6027\u4f1a\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u7f8e\u89c2\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u7262\u8bb0\u65ad\u884c\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u8fc7\u5206\uff01\u6bd4\u5982:
public int factorial(int n) {
int result = 1;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
result*=i;
return result;
}
\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u52a0\u5165\u6ce8\u91ca
\u6ce8\u91ca\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u5b83\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5bf9\u5b83\u5176\u4e2d\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u9605\u8bfb\u4f60\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u91ca\u8bed\u53e5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u77ed\u800c\u6709\u63cf\u8ff0\u529b\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002
Java\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a
//This is a comment that continues until the end of the line.
/* This is a comment. It goes on and on and on and on and on and on and on
and on and on and on and on and on and on and on and on and on and on and
on and on and on and on and on and on and on and on and ends like this: */
/**
* This is a JavaDoc comment. More about JavaDoc in the next section.
*/
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6ce8\u91ca\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\uff1a
/* You are not allowed to do anything like this /* because the compiler will
complain, if you are lucky */ DON'T DO THIS! And don't write comments in
upper case either... */
\u6ce8\u91ca\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u5b83\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002
\u4e0d\u8981\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u529f\u80fd\uff1a
i++; // Add 1 to i
\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff1a
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
/* don't place comments where
they don't belong */
result*=i;
\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u65e2\u53ef\u88ab\u653e\u5728\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u957f\u6ce8\u91ca\u5219\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u7684\u653e\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff1a
/* Comments can be placed before the
block that is to be commented */
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
result*=i;
\u6216\u8005:
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
result*=i; // short comments can be placed like this
tmp++; // if necessary, they continue here
}
\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u6ca1\u7528\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a
i++; // change this later
Excuse me,\u8fd9\u53e5\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u80e1\u626f\uff01
\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a
i++; // BMW
BMW? \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u80fd\u8fde\u7eed\u5341\u5929\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u771f\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u6ca1\u4eba\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0cok\uff1f
\u6700\u540e\u91cd\u7533\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a\u5199\u7b80\u77ed\u800c\u5bcc\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u653e\u5728\u8be5\u653e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u8003\u9a8c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u529b\uff01
JavaDoc - \u6587\u6863\u5de5\u5177
JavaDoc\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed9\u4ee3\u7801\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u4eff\u4f5b\u54b1\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u65b9\u9700\u8981\u7528JavaDoc\u6765\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5f03\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5f25\u8865\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u7c7b\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u5982\uff1a
/**
* Car represents cars ... A description of the class
* should be place here. Note that the description begins
* on the second line and that there is a space between
* the asterix and the text. Next we will add some fields
* indicating who the authors of the class are and
* other useful information. Notice the newline!
*
* @author Jerry Meng
* @version %I%, %G%
*/
public class Car {
\u6ce8\u610fJavaDoc\u7ed3\u675f\u548c\u7c7b\u5f00\u59cb\u95f4\u65e0\u7a7a\u884c\u3002
\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u5982\uff1a
/**
* A description of what the method does...
*
* @param n a description of the parameter
* @return a description of the return value
*/
public int factorial(int n) {
\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u88abJavaDoc\u6ce8\u91ca\u533a\u57df\u5982\uff1a
/**
* Short description of the variable (one line)
*/
type variable;
\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528JavaDoc\u505a\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u6070\u5f53\u5462\uff1f
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import java.awt.Color;
/**
* This is a class representing cars. A car has certain features, such
* as color, age, number of doors etc and a car can be repainted,
* the tank can be filled etc.
*
* @author Jerry Meng
* @version %I%, %G%
*/
public class Car {
/**
* The maximum size of the tank in litres.
*/
private static final double TANK_SIZE = 100.0;
/**
* The color of the car.
*/
private Color color;
/**
* The age of the car.
*/
private int age;
/**
* The number of doors of the car.
*/
private int doors;
/**
* The amount of gasoline in the tank.
*/
private double gasoline;
/**
* Class constructor, which constructs a brand new, black car with
* five doors and a full tank.
*/
public Car() {
this(Color.black, 0, 5, TANK_SIZE);
}
/**
* Class constructor specifying the color, age, number of doors
* and litres of gasoline
*
* @param color The color of the car
* @param age The age of the car
* @param doors The number of doors
* @param km Kilometres driven
* @param gasoline The litres of gasoline
*/
public Car(Color color, int age, int doors, double gasoline) {
this.color = color;
this.age = age;
this.doors = doors;
this.gasoline = gasoline;
}
/**
* Returns the color of the car
*/
public Color getColor() {
return color;
}
/**
* Repaints the car (i.e. changes its color)
*/
public void setColor(Color color) {
this.color = color;
}
/**
* Returns the age of the car
*/
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
/**
* Returns the number of doors of the car
*/
public int getDoors() {
return doors;
}
/**
* Returns the amount of gasoline in the tank
*/
public double getGasoline() {
return gasoline;
}
/**
* Fills the tank. The amount of gasoline cannot exceed
* the size of the tank. In that case, the tank will be
* filled to the maximum and the rest will run out in
* the sand.
*
* @param gas The amount of gasoline to put in the tank
*/
public void setGasoline(double gas) {
if(gasoline + gas <= TANK_SIZE)
gasoline+=gas;
else
gasoline = TANK_SIZE;
}
}
1.\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u601d\u8def\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5404\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u636e+\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u5148\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u540e\u7ec6\u8282\u4e5f\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u601d\u60f32.\u5b9e\u6218\u601d\u60f3 \u4e0d\u52a8\u624b\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u4f53\u4f1a\u7684
个人经验是需要一个自己习惯的风格的环境。最开始由环境强制你遵守它的风格：缩进、换行、括号等等
等养成习惯之后换任何一种环境哪怕是用记事本编程也会自然而然的套用自己熟悉的编程风格了。
再有就是逻辑，写程序要有大局观，有逻辑，要提前将涉及到的变量都声明好，变量与程序分离，这点环境只能辅助，其余还是要靠自己平时注意。
如果实在无从下手，可以学一下汇编，可以强制自己用计算机思想编程，也能强制自己养成数据段和程序段分离的好习惯。
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