已知:常温下浓度为0.1 mol·L -1 的下列溶液的pH如表: 溶质 NaF NaClO Na 2 CO 3 pH 7.5 9.7 已知：在常温下，浓度均为0.1mol?L-1的下列六种溶液的...
\u5df2\u77e5\uff1a\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a0.1mol/L\u7684\u4e0b\u5217\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u5982\u8868\uff1a \u6eb6\u8d28 NaF NaClO Na2CO3 pH 7.5 9.7 11\u76f8\u540c\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u94a0\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u78b1\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6c34\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u76f8\u5e94\u9178\u7684\u9178\u6027\u8d8a\u5f31\uff0c\u9178\u7684\u7535\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u94a0\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u77e5\uff0c\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6c34\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6CO32-\uff1eClO-\uff1eF-\uff0c\u9178\u7684\u7535\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1aHCO3-\uff1cHClO\uff1cHF\uff0cA\uff0e\u9178\u7684\u7535\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1aHCO3-\uff1cHClO\uff1cHF\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u80fd\u529b\u987a\u5e8f\uff1aHCO3-\uff1cHClO\uff1cHF\uff0c\u4f46\u9178\u6027H2CO3\uff1eHClO\uff0c\u6545A\u9519\u8bef\uff1bB\uff0e\u6eb6\u6db2\u5b58\u5728\u7535\u8377\u5b88\u6052c\uff08Na+\uff09+c\uff08H+\uff09=c\uff08HCO3-\uff09+c\uff08OH-\uff09+2c\uff08CO32-\uff09\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u4e2d\u6027\uff0c\u5219c\uff08H+\uff09=c\uff08OH-\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5c\uff08Na+\uff09=c\uff08HCO3-\uff09+2c\uff08CO32-\uff09=0.2mol/L\uff0c\u6545B\u9519\u8bef\uff1bC\uff0e\u5f0fClO-+H2O?HClO+OH-\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\u4e3aK=c(HClO)\u00d7c(OH?)c(ClO?)=10?4.3\u00d710?4.30.1=10-7.6\uff0c\u6545C\u6b63\u786e\uff1bD\uff0e\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\u751f\u6210HClO\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u5219c\uff08HClO\uff09\uff1ec\uff08H+\uff09\uff0c\u6545D\u9519\u8bef\uff0e\u6545\u9009C\uff0e
\uff081\uff09A\u3001C6H5ONa\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.3\uff1cNa2CO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CH3COOH+Na2CO3\u2550NaHCO3+CH3COONa\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6545A\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\uff1bB\u3001NaCN\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.1\uff1eCH3COONa\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=8.8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CH3COOH+NaCN=CH3COONa+HCN\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\uff1bC\u3001\u7531\u8868\u53ef\u77e5NaClO\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=10.3\uff1cNa2CO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CO2+H2O+2NaClO=Na2CO3+2HClO\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u8868\u53ef\u77e5NaClO\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=10.3\uff1eNaHCO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=9.7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CO2+H2O+NaClO=NaHCO3+HClO\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6545C\u7b26\u5408\uff1bD\u3001C6H5ONa\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.3\uff1eNaHCO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=9.7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CO2+H2O+C6H5ONa\u2192NaHCO3+C6H5OH\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\u3001C6H5ONa\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.3\uff1cNa2CO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=11.6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CO2+H2O+2C6H5ONa\u2192Na2CO3+2C6H5OH\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6545D\u7b26\u5408\uff1b\u6545\u9009CD\uff0e\uff082\uff09\u5c11\u91cf\u6c2f\u6c14\u901a\u5165\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u94a0\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u548c\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178\u94a0\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1aCl2+H2O+2CO32-=2HCO3-+Cl-+ClO-\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCl2+H2O+2CO32-=2HCO3-+Cl-+ClO-\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8868\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c0.1mol?L-1NaHCO3\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH=9.7\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u78b1\u6027\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6c34\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u7535\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0cHCO3-+H2O?HCO3-+OH-\uff0cHCO3-?H++CO32-\uff0c\u5219\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2dc\uff08H2CO3\uff09\uff1ec\uff08CO32-\uff09\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6c34\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u7535\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0cHCO3-+H2O?HCO3-+OH-\uff0cHCO3-?H++CO32-\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u78b1\u6027\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u2460K=c(H+)c(CH3COO?)c(CH3COOH)=0.1mol/L\u00d71.3%\u00d70.1mol/L\u00d71.3%0.1mol\u00d7(1?1.3%)=1.7\u00d710-5\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a1.7\u00d710-5\uff1b\u2461\u7f13\u51b2\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2dpH=pKa-lgc(CH3COOH)c(CH3COONa)=-lg1.7\u00d710-5-lg0.1c(CH3COONa)=4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5c\uff08CH3COONa\uff09=1.7\u00d710-2mol/L\uff0c\u5219n\uff08CH3COONa\uff09=1.7\u00d710-2mol/L\u00d71L=1.7\u00d710-2mol\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a1.7\u00d710-2\uff0e
| C 扩展阅读：0.1%浓度是多少 ... 25度饱和碳酸钠浓度 ... 0.1%手续费是多少 ... 真空计显示3.1e 1 ... 0.1g阿奇霉素小孩用量 ... 0.5g等于多少ml药水 ... 可燃气体浓度大于4% ... 0.5%等于多少ppm ... 0.01%等于多少ppm ... 本站交流只代表网友个人观点，与本站立场无关 |
