在标准状况下，将224L氯化氢气体溶于635mL的水（密度为1.00g/mL）中，所得盐酸的密度为1.18g/mL。
\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06224L\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u4e8e635mL\u7684\u6c34\uff08\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1.00g/cm3\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1.18g/cm3\uff0e\uff081\uff09\uff081\uff09224L\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a224L22.4L/mol=10mol\uff0c\u6545HCl\u7684\u8d28\u91cf=10mL\u00d736.5g/mol=365g\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a635mL\u00d71g/mL=635g\uff0c\u8be5\u6eb6\u6db2\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a365g365g+635g\u00d7100%=36.5%\uff0c\u7b54\uff1a\u8be5\u76d0\u9178\u4e2d\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u662f36.5%\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u8be5\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a1000\u00d71.18\u00d736.5%36.5mol/L=11.8mol/L\uff0c\u4ee4\u7a00\u91ca\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3acmol/L\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7a00\u91ca\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u7a00\u91ca\u524d\u540e\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5219\uff1a0.01L\u00d711.8mol/L=1L\u00d7cmol/L\uff0c\u89e3\u5f97c=0.118mol/L\uff0c\u7b54\uff1a\u6240\u5f97\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u662f0.118mol/L\uff0e
1.\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\uff1a\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u4f53\u79ef\u4e3a224L\uff0c\u5219\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a10mol,\u6545\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a365g\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a635ml*1.0g/ml=635g\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a365+635=1000g\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a365g/1000g*100%=36.5%\u3002
2.\u76d0\u9178\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1.18g/ml\uff0c10ml\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a11.8g\uff0c\u76d0\u9178\u4e2dHCl\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a11.8g*36.5%=4.307g\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a4.307g/36.5g/mol=0.118mol\uff0c\u7a00\u91ca\u540e\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u65e0\u8d28\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a0.118mol/590ml=0.0002mol/ml=0.2mol/l\u3002
224L/(22.4L/mol=10.0mol ；
氯化氢溶于水后得到的溶液质量是：
10.0mol*36.5g/mol+635ml*1.00g/ml
=365g+635g=1000g ；
氯化氢水溶液的体积是：
1000g/(1.18g/ml)=847ml ；
所得盐酸的物质量浓度是：
(10.0mol/847ml)*1000ml/L=11.8mol/L 。
n(HCl) = 224/22.4 = 10mol
m(溶液) = 36.5*10 + 635 = 1000g
V(溶液) = 1000/1 = 1000mL = 1L
所以物质的量浓度 = 10/1 = 10mol/L
绛旓細锛1锛224L鏍囧喌涓嬬殑HCl姘斾綋涓10mol锛365g锛屽姞涓婃按635g锛屾憾娑1000g 璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟36.5 锛2锛36.5%鐨勭洂閰稿搴旂殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害 36.5%脳1.18脳1000/36.5=11.8mol/L 10ml婧惰川鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负0.118mol锛屾渶鍚庝綋绉负1.45L 寰楀埌鐨勭█鐩愰吀鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿负0.118/1.45=0.08mol/L ...
绛旓細姘寲姘姘斾綋10mol婧朵簬姘达紝婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉笉鏄635ml锛岃屾槸锛氾紙365g+635g)/锛1.18g/銕³锛=847銕³涓轰粈涔堜綋绉鍔犱簡(847銕³-635銕³=212銕³锛熸槸鍥犱负鏈 10mol鐨勬隘鍖栨阿姘斾綋婧朵簬635銕³姘翠腑锛屽鍔犱簡涓浜涗綋绉傛皵浣撳垎瀛愭槸鏈変綋绉殑,鍦ㄨ繖閲屾槸浣撶Н澧炲姞锛屾墍浠ヤ笉鑳界敤 10mol...
绛旓細鏍囧噯鐘跺喌涓銆1MOL鐨勬皵浣撲綋绉椂22.4L 224L灏辨槸10MOL 1L姘寸殑璐ㄩ噺鏄1kg,10mol姘寲姘鏄0.365g銆傝川閲忓垎鏁颁负锛0.365/1+0.365锛*100
绛旓細锛1锛22.4L姘寲姘姘斾綋鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓22.4L22.4L/mol=1mol锛屾晠HCl鐨勮川閲=1mol脳36.5g/mol=36.5g锛屾按鐨勮川閲忎负63.5mL脳1g/mL=63.5g锛岃婧舵恫璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟涓簑=36.5g36.5g+63.5g脳100%=36.5%锛宑=1000脳1.18脳36.5%36.5mol/L=11.8mol/L绛旓細璇ョ洂閰镐腑婧惰川鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁版槸36.5%锛涚墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿负...
绛旓細鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓1mol浠讳綍姘斾綋鏍囧噯鐘跺喌鐨勪綋绉兘涓22.4鍗 2.24鍗囩殑HCl 鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓2.24/22.4=0.1mol 鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害= 婧惰川鐗╄川鐨勯噺 / 婧舵恫浣撶Н 锛堝崌锛塩HCl=0.1 mol / 0.2L=0.5molL-
绛旓細A銆佺洂閰镐腑涓嶅瓨鍦姘寲姘鍒嗗瓙锛屾晠A閿欒锛汢銆佹湁鏈虹墿涓虹兎鐑冿紝1 mol C 20 H 42 鐨勫垎瀛愪腑鍚湁鐨勫叡浠烽敭鏁扮洰=1mol脳锛20-1+42锛壝桸 A =61N A 锛屾晠B閿欒锛汣銆佹恫鎬佺～閰告阿閽剧數绂诲嚭閽剧瀛愬拰纭吀姘㈡牴绂诲瓙锛6.8 g娑叉並HSO 4 涓惈鏈0.05N A 涓槼绂诲瓙锛屾晠C閿欒锛汥銆佷緷鎹弽搴擭 2 +3H 2 =2NH ...
绛旓細鍥炵瓟锛氭病鏈姘寲姘鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁,閭ｆ槸绠椾笉鍑烘潵鐨勩
绛旓細n(姘寲姘級=2.24/22.4=0.1mol C(姘寲姘級=0.1/0.5=0.2mol/L HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O 娑堣楃殑姘寲姘负0.2*0.1=0.02 娑堣桸aOH婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉=0.02/0.05=0.4L
绛旓細鐩愰吀涓姘寲姘鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲=22.4/22.4=1mol锛岀洂閰哥殑浣撶Н=锛36.5+635锛/1.18=569姣崌銆傦紙1锛夎鐩愰吀鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑娴撳害=1/0.569=1.76mol/L銆傦紙2锛1.76*10=X*1450 X=0.012mol/L
绛旓細锛1锛塶锛HCl锛=2.24L22.4L/mol=0.1mol锛屾晠c锛圚Cl锛=0.1mol0.1L=1mol/L锛岀瓟锛氭墍寰楃洂閰告憾娑茬殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害鏄1mol/L锛涳紙2锛夌敱璐ㄩ噺瀹堟亽瀹氬緥鍙煡锛屽皢璇ユ憾娑蹭笌瓒抽噺鐨凬aOH婧舵恫鍙嶅簲鍙互鐢熸垚0.1mol姘寲閽狅紝鐢熸垚鐨勬隘鍖栭挔鐨勮川閲忎负锛58.5g/mol脳0.1mol=5.85g锛岀瓟锛氬皢璇ユ憾娑蹭笌瓒抽噺鐨凬aOH婧舵恫...
