高中所以化学方程式
\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a
\u4e00\uff0e \u7269\u8d28\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u5355\u8d28\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
1. \u9541\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2Mg + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2MgO
2. \u94c1\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a3Fe + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 Fe3O4
3. \u94dc\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d7\u70ed\uff1a2Cu + O2 \u52a0\u70ed 2CuO
4. \u94dd\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4Al + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2Al2O3
5. \u6c22\u6c14\u4e2d\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2H2 + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2H2O
6. \u7ea2\u78f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4P + 5O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2P2O5
7. \u786b\u7c89\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a S + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 SO2
8. \u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2
9. \u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2C + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO
\uff082\uff09\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
10. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2CO + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2
11. \u7532\u70f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aCH4 + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2 + 2H2O
12. \u9152\u7cbe\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC2H5OH + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2 + 3H2O
\u4e8c\uff0e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
13. \u6c34\u5728\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2H2O \u901a\u7535 2H2\u2191+ O2 \u2191
14. \u52a0\u70ed\u78b1\u5f0f\u78b3\u9178\u94dc\uff1aCu2(OH)2CO3 \u52a0\u70ed 2CuO + H2O + CO2\u2191
15. \u52a0\u70ed\u6c2f\u9178\u94be\uff08\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u9530\uff09\uff1a2KClO3 ==== 2KCl + 3O2 \u2191
16. \u52a0\u70ed\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\uff1a2KMnO4 \u52a0\u70ed K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2\u2191
17. \u78b3\u9178\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u800c\u5206\u89e3\uff1aH2CO3 === H2O + CO2\u2191
18. \u9ad8\u6e29\u7145\u70e7\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\uff1aCaCO3 \u9ad8\u6e29 CaO + CO2\u2191
\u4e09\uff0e\u51e0\u4e2a\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
19. \u6c22\u6c14\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aH2 + CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + H2O
20. \u6728\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aC+ 2CuO \u9ad8\u6e29 2Cu + CO2\u2191
21. \u7126\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3C+ 2Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 4Fe + 3CO2\u2191
22. \u7126\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u56db\u6c27\u5316\u4e09\u94c1\uff1a2C+ Fe3O4 \u9ad8\u6e29 3Fe + 2CO2\u2191
23. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aCO+ CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + CO2
24. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3CO+ Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 2Fe + 3CO2
25. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u56db\u6c27\u5316\u4e09\u94c1\uff1a4CO+ Fe3O4 \u9ad8\u6e29 3Fe + 4CO2
\u56db\uff0e\u5355\u8d28\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3001\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb
\uff081\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28 + \u9178 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c22\u6c14 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
26. \u950c\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2\u2191
27. \u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2\u2191
28. \u9541\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Mg + H2SO4 = MgSO4 + H2\u2191
29. \u94dd\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u91782Al +3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 +3H2\u2191
30. \u950c\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Zn + 2HCl === ZnCl2 + H2\u2191
31. \u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Fe + 2HCl === FeCl2 + H2\u2191
32. \u9541\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Mg+ 2HCl === MgCl2 + H2\u2191
33. \u94dd\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u91782Al + 6HCl == 2AlCl3 + 3H2\u2191
\uff082\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28 + \u76d0\uff08\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09 ------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
34. \u94c1\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe + CuSO4 === FeSO4 + Cu
35. \u950c\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aZn + CuSO4 === ZnSO4 + Cu
36. \u94dc\u548c\u785d\u9178\u6c5e\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCu + Hg(NO3)2 === Cu(NO3)2 + Hg
\uff083\uff09\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269 +\u9178 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
37. \u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 6HCl === 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
38. \u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 3H2SO4 === Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
39. \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + 2HCl ==== CuCl2 + H2O
40. \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + H2SO4 ==== CuSO4 + H2O
41. \u6c27\u5316\u9541\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aMgO + H2SO4 ==== MgSO4 + H2O
42. \u6c27\u5316\u9499\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaO + 2HCl ==== CaCl2 + H2O
\uff084\uff09\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269 +\u78b1 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
43\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d8\u8d28\uff1a2NaOH + CO2 ==== Na2CO3 + H2O
44\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u5438\u6536\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6c14\u4f53\uff1a2NaOH + SO2 ==== Na2SO3 + H2O
45\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u5438\u6536\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6c14\u4f53\uff1a2NaOH + SO3 ==== Na2SO4 + H2O
46\uff0e\u6d88\u77f3\u7070\u653e\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d8\u8d28\uff1aCa(OH)2 + CO2 ==== CaCO3 \u2193+ H2O
47. \u6d88\u77f3\u7070\u5438\u6536\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\uff1aCa(OH)2 + SO2 ==== CaSO3 \u2193+ H2O
\uff085\uff09\u9178 + \u78b1 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
48\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u8d77\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + NaOH ==== NaCl +H2O
49. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + KOH ==== KCl +H2O
50\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2HCl + Cu(OH)2 ==== CuCl2 + 2H2O
51. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2HCl + Ca(OH)2 ==== CaCl2 + 2H2O
52. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3HCl + Fe(OH)3 ==== FeCl3 + 3H2O
53.\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u80c3\u9178\u8fc7\u591a\uff1a3HCl + Al(OH)3 ==== AlCl3 + 3H2O
54.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + 2NaOH ==== Na2SO4 + 2H2O
55.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + 2KOH ==== K2SO4 + 2H2O
56.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 ==== CuSO4 + 2H2O
57. \u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3H2SO4 + 2Fe(OH)3==== Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
58. \u785d\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHNO3+ NaOH ==== NaNO3 +H2O
\uff086\uff09\u9178 + \u76d0 -------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9178 + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
59\uff0e\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaCO3 + 2HCl === CaCl2 + H2O + CO2\u2191
60\uff0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94: Na2CO3 + 2HCl === 2NaCl + H2O + CO2\u2191
61\uff0e\u78b3\u9178\u9541\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94: MgCO3 + 2HCl === MgCl2 + H2O + CO2\u2191
62\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + AgNO3 === AgCl\u2193 + HNO3
63.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNa2CO3 + H2SO4 === Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2\u2191
64.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + BaCl2 ==== BaSO4 \u2193+ 2HCl
\uff087\uff09\u78b1 + \u76d0 -------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1 + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
65\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\uff1a2NaOH + CuSO4 ==== Cu(OH)2\u2193 + Na2SO4
66\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3NaOH + FeCl3 ==== Fe(OH)3\u2193 + 3NaCl
67\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u9541\uff1a2NaOH + MgCl2 ==== Mg(OH)2\u2193 + 2NaCl
68. \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94dc\uff1a2NaOH + CuCl2 ==== Cu(OH)2\u2193 + 2NaCl
69. \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\uff1aCa(OH)2 + Na2CO3 === CaCO3\u2193+ 2NaOH
\uff088\uff09\u76d0 + \u76d0 ----- \u4e24\u79cd\u65b0\u76d0
70\uff0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\uff1aNaCl + AgNO3 ==== AgCl\u2193 + NaNO3
71\uff0e\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u548c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\uff1aNa2SO4 + BaCl2 ==== BaSO4\u2193 + 2NaCl
\u4e94\uff0e\u5176\u5b83\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
72\uff0e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aCO2 + H2O === H2CO3
73\uff0e\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aCaO + H2O === Ca(OH)2
74\uff0e\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aNa2O + H2O ==== 2NaOH
75\uff0e\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aSO3 + H2O ==== H2SO4
76\uff0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6676\u4f53\u53d7\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1aCuSO4\u00b75H2O \u52a0\u70ed CuSO4 + 5H2O
77\uff0e\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u4f5c\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff1aCuSO4 + 5H2O ==== CuSO4\u00b75H2O
\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u53cd\u5e94\u73b0\u8c61 \u3000\u3000\u5e94\u7528
2Mg+O2\u70b9\u71c3\u6216\u03942MgO \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7.\u8000\u773c\u767d\u5149.\u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53.\u653e\u70ed.\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u767d\u70df \u767d\u8272\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f39
2Hg+O2\u70b9\u71c3\u6216\u03942HgO \u94f6\u767d\u6db2\u4f53\u3001\u751f\u6210\u7ea2\u8272\u56fa\u4f53 \u62c9\u74e6\u9521\u5b9e\u9a8c
2Cu+O2\u70b9\u71c3\u6216\u03942CuO \u7ea2\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u53d8\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53
4Al+3O2\u70b9\u71c3\u6216\u03942Al2O3 \u94f6\u767d\u91d1\u5c5e\u53d8\u4e3a\u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53
3Fe+2O2\u70b9\u71c3Fe3O4 \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7\u3001\u706b\u661f\u56db\u5c04\u3001\u751f\u6210\u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u3001\u653e\u70ed 4Fe + 3O2\u9ad8\u6e292Fe2O3
C+O2 \u70b9\u71c3CO2 \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7\u3001\u767d\u5149\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a
S+O2 \u70b9\u71c3SO2 \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u5473\u6c14\u4f53\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u6de1\u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130.\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u84dd\u7d2b\u8272\u706b\u7130
2H2+O2 \u70b9\u71c32H2O \u6de1\u84dd\u706b\u7130\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u65e0\u6c34CuSO4\u53d8\u84dd\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\uff08\u6c34\uff09 \u9ad8\u80fd\u71c3\u6599
4P+5O2 \u70b9\u71c32P2O5 \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u767d\u70df\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53 \u8bc1\u660e\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u6c27\u6c14\u542b\u91cf
CH4+2O2\u70b9\u71c32H2O+CO2 \u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u6c14\u4f53\u548c\u4f7f\u65e0\u6c34CuSO4\u53d8\u84dd\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\uff08\u6c34\uff09 \u7532\u70f7\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u7684\u71c3\u70e7
2C2H2+5O2\u70b9\u71c32H2O+4CO2 \u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130\u3001\u653e\u70ed\u3001\u9ed1\u70df\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u6c14\u4f53\u548c\u4f7f\u65e0\u6c34CuSO4\u53d8\u84dd\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\uff08\u6c34\uff09 \u6c27\u7094\u7130\u3001\u710a\u63a5\u5207\u5272\u91d1\u5c5e
2KClO3MnO2 \u03942KCl +3O2\u2191 \u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u5e26\u706b\u661f\u7684\u6728\u6761\u590d\u71c3\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5907\u6c27\u6c14
2KMnO4\u0394 K2MnO4+MnO2+O2\u2191 \u7d2b\u8272\u53d8\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8272\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u5e26\u706b\u661f\u6728\u6761\u590d\u71c3\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5907\u6c27\u6c14
2HgO\u03942Hg+O2\u2191 \u7ea2\u8272\u53d8\u4e3a\u94f6\u767d\u3001\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u5e26\u706b\u661f\u6728\u6761\u590d\u71c3\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u62c9\u74e6\u9521\u5b9e\u9a8c
2H2O\u901a\u75352H2\u2191+O2\u2191 \u6c34\u901a\u7535\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u6c22\u6c14\u548c\u6c27\u6c14 \u7535\u89e3\u6c34
Cu2(OH)2CO3\u03942CuO+H2O+CO2\u2191 \u7eff\u8272\u53d8\u9ed1\u8272\u3001\u8bd5\u7ba1\u58c1\u6709\u6db2\u4f53\u3001\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u6c14\u4f53 \u94dc\u7eff\u52a0\u70ed
NH4HCO3\u0394NH3\u2191+ H2O +CO2\u2191 \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6d88\u5931\u3001\u7ba1\u58c1\u6709\u6db2\u4f53\u3001\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u6c14\u4f53 \u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u94f5\u957f\u671f\u66b4\u9732\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931
Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2\u2191 \u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u950c\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5907\u6c22\u6c14
Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2\u2191 \u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u9897\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3
Mg+H2SO4 =MgSO4+H2\u2191 \u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u9897\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3
2Al+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+3H2\u2191 \u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u9897\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3
Fe2O3+3H2 \u0394 2Fe+3H2O \u7ea2\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u4e3a\u94f6\u767d\u8272\u3001\u8bd5\u7ba1\u58c1\u6709\u6db2\u4f53 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6c22\u6c14\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027
Fe3O4+4H2 \u03943Fe+4H2O \u9ed1\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u4e3a\u94f6\u767d\u8272\u3001\u8bd5\u7ba1\u58c1\u6709\u6db2\u4f53 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6c22\u6c14\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027
WO3+3H2\u0394 W +3H2O \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u94a8\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6c22\u6c14\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027
MoO3+3H2 \u0394Mo +3H2O \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u94bc\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6c22\u6c14\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027
2Na+Cl2\u0394\u6216\u70b9\u71c32NaCl \u5267\u70c8\u71c3\u70e7\u3001\u9ec4\u8272\u706b\u7130 \u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3001
H2+Cl2 \u70b9\u71c3\u6216\u5149\u7167 2HCl \u70b9\u71c3\u82cd\u767d\u8272\u706b\u7130\u3001\u74f6\u53e3\u767d\u96fe \u5171\u4ef7\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5236\u5907\u76d0\u9178
CuSO4+2NaOH=Cu(OH)2\u2193+Na2SO4 \u84dd\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210\u3001\u4e0a\u90e8\u4e3a\u6f84\u6e05\u6eb6\u6db2 \u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5b9e\u9a8c
2C +O2\u70b9\u71c32CO \u7164\u7089\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001\u7164\u6c14\u4e2d\u6bd2\u539f\u56e0
2C O+O2\u70b9\u71c32CO2 \u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130 \u7164\u6c14\u71c3\u70e7
C + CuO \u9ad8\u6e292Cu+ CO2\u2191 \u9ed1\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e
2Fe2O3+3C \u9ad8\u6e294Fe+ 3CO2\u2191 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e
Fe3O4+2C\u9ad8\u6e293Fe + 2CO2\u2191 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e
C + CO2 \u9ad8\u6e292CO
CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 \u78b3\u9178\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u53d8\u7ea2 \u8bc1\u660e\u78b3\u9178\u7684\u9178\u6027
H2CO3 \u0394CO2\u2191+ H2O \u77f3\u854a\u7ea2\u8272\u892a\u53bb
Ca(OH)2+CO2= CaCO3\u2193+ H2O \u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a \u5e94\u7528CO2\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u77f3\u7070\u6d46\u7c89\u5237\u5899\u58c1
CaCO3+H2O+CO2 = Ca(HCO3)2 \u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3 \u6eb6\u6d1e\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u98ce\u5316
Ca(HCO3)2\u0394 CaCO3\u2193+H2O+CO2\u2191 \u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53
\u6c34\u57a2\u5f62\u6210.\u949f\u4e73\u77f3\u7684\u5f62\u6210
2NaHCO3\u0394Na2CO3+H2O+CO2\u2191 \u4ea7\u751f\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u5c0f\u82cf\u6253\u84b8\u9992\u5934
CaCO3 \u9ad8\u6e29 CaO+ CO2\u2191 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u5907\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u751f\u77f3\u7070
CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+ H2O+CO2\u2191 \u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6709\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53
\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5907\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3001\u9664\u6c34\u57a2
Na2CO3+H2SO4=Na2SO4+H2O+CO2\u2191 \u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6709\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53
\u6ce1\u6cab\u706d\u706b\u5668\u539f\u7406
Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+ H2O+CO2\u2191 \u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6709\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53
\u6ce1\u6cab\u706d\u706b\u5668\u539f\u7406
MgCO3+2HCl=MgCl2+H2O+CO2\u2191 \u56fa\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6709\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53
CuO +CO\u0394 Cu + CO2 \u9ed1\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4f7f\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e
Fe2O3+3CO\u9ad8\u6e29 2Fe+3CO2 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u7406
Fe3O4+4CO\u9ad8\u6e29 3Fe+4CO2 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u7406
WO3+3CO\u9ad8\u6e29 W+3CO2 \u51b6\u70bc\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u7406
CH3COOH+NaOH=CH3COONa+H2O
2CH3OH+3O2\u70b9\u71c32CO2+4H2O
C2H5OH+3O2\u70b9\u71c32CO2+3H2O \u84dd\u8272\u706b\u7130\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u4f7f\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u3001\u653e\u70ed \u9152\u7cbe\u7684\u71c3\u70e7
Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4 \u94f6\u767d\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea2\u8272\u7269\u8d28 \u6e7f\u6cd5\u70bc\u94dc\u3001\u9540\u94dc
Mg+FeSO4= Fe+ MgSO4 \u6eb6\u6db2\u7531\u6d45\u7eff\u8272\u53d8\u4e3a\u65e0\u8272 Cu+Hg(NO3)2=Hg+ Cu (NO3)2
Cu+2AgNO3=2Ag+ Cu(NO3)2 \u7ea2\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u4e00\u5c42\u94f6\u767d\u8272\u7269\u8d28 \u9540\u94f6
Zn+CuSO4= Cu+ZnSO4 \u9752\u767d\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea2\u8272\u7269\u8d28 \u9540\u94dc
Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O \u94c1\u9508\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u9ec4\u8272 \u94c1\u5668\u9664\u9508
Al2O3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Na2O+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
CuO+2HCl=CuCl2+H2O \u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u84dd\u8272
ZnO+2HCl=ZnCl2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
MgO+2HCl=MgCl2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
CaO+2HCl=CaCl2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
NaOH+HCl=NaCl+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Cu(OH)2+2HCl=CuCl2+2H2O \u84dd\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Mg(OH)2+2HCl=MgCl2+2H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Al(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3 \u80c3\u8212\u5e73\u6cbb\u7597\u80c3\u9178\u8fc7\u591a
Fe(OH)3+3HCl=FeCl3+3H2O \u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u9ec4\u8272
Ca(OH)2+2HCl=CaCl2+2H2O
HCl+AgNO3= AgCl\u2193+HNO3 \u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178 \u68c0\u9a8cCl\u2014\u7684\u539f\u7406
Fe2O3+3H2SO4= Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O \u94c1\u9508\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u9ec4\u8272 \u94c1\u5668\u9664\u9508
Al2O3+3H2SO4= Al2(SO4)3+3H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
CuO+H2SO4=CuSO4+H2O \u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u84dd\u8272
ZnO+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
MgO+H2SO4=MgSO4+H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
2NaOH+H2SO4=Na2SO4+2H2O
Cu(OH)2+H2SO4=CuSO4+2H2O \u84dd\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Ca(OH)2+H2SO4=CaSO4+2H2O
Mg(OH)2+H2SO4=MgSO4+2H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
2Al(OH)3+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+3H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
2Fe(OH)3+3H2SO4=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O \u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u9ec4\u8272
Ba(OH)2+ H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193+2H2O \u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178 \u68c0\u9a8cSO42\u2014\u7684\u539f\u7406
BaCl2+ H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193+2HCl \u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178 \u68c0\u9a8cSO42\u2014\u7684\u539f\u7406
Ba(NO3)2+H2SO4=BaSO4\u2193+2HNO3 \u751f\u6210\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178 \u68c0\u9a8cSO42\u2014\u7684\u539f\u7406
Na2O+2HNO3=2NaNO3+H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
CuO+2HNO3=Cu(NO3)2+H2O \u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u84dd\u8272
ZnO+2HNO3=Zn(NO3)2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
MgO+2HNO3=Mg(NO3)2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
CaO+2HNO3=Ca(NO3)2+ H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
NaOH+HNO3=NaNO3+ H2O
Cu(OH)2+2HNO3=Cu(NO3)2+2H2O \u84dd\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Mg(OH)2+2HNO3=Mg(NO3)2+2H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Al(OH)3+3HNO3=Al(NO3)3+3H2O \u767d\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3
Ca(OH)2+2HNO3=Ca(NO3)2+2H2O
Fe(OH)3+3HNO3=Fe(NO3)3+3H2O \u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u9ec4\u8272
3NaOH + H3PO4=3H2O + Na3PO4
3NH3+H3PO4=(NH4)3PO4
2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+ H2O \u5438\u6536CO\u3001O2\u3001H2\u4e2d\u7684CO2\u3001
2NaOH+SO2=Na2SO3+ H2O 2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+ H2O \u5904\u7406\u786b\u9178\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u5c3e\u6c14\uff08SO2\uff09
FeCl3+3NaOH=Fe(OH)3\u2193+3NaCl \u6eb6\u6db2\u9ec4\u8272\u892a\u53bb\u3001\u6709\u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3\u2193+3NaCl \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
MgCl2+2NaOH = Mg(OH)2\u2193+2NaCl
CuCl2+2NaOH = Cu(OH)2\u2193+2NaCl \u6eb6\u6db2\u84dd\u8272\u892a\u53bb\u3001\u6709\u84dd\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
CaO+ H2O = Ca(OH)2 \u767d\u8272\u5757\u72b6\u56fa\u4f53\u53d8\u4e3a\u7c89\u672b\u3001 \u751f\u77f3\u7070\u5236\u5907\u77f3\u7070\u6d46
Ca(OH)2+SO2=CaSO3\u2193+ H2O \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210 \u521d\u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528
Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3=CaCO3\u2193+2NaOH \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u70e7\u78b1\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5c11\u91cf\u70e7\u78b1
Ba(OH)2+Na2CO3=BaCO3\u2193+2NaOH \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
Ca(OH)2+K2CO3=CaCO3\u2193 +2KOH \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
CuSO4+5H2O= CuSO4\u00b7H2O \u84dd\u8272\u6676\u4f53\u53d8\u4e3a\u767d\u8272\u7c89\u672b
CuSO4\u00b7H2O\u0394 CuSO4+5H2O \u767d\u8272\u7c89\u672b\u53d8\u4e3a\u84dd\u8272 \u68c0\u9a8c\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u542b\u6709\u6c34
AgNO3+NaCl = AgCl\u2193+Na NO3 \u767d\u8272\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u7c7b\u4f3c\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u9a8c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+2NaCl \u767d\u8272\u4e0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u9a8c\u786b\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50
CaCl2+Na2CO3= CaCO3\u2193+2NaCl \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
MgCl2+Ba(OH)2=BaCl2+Mg(OH)2\u2193 \u6709\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210
CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2 \u2191
MgCO3+2HCl= MgCl2+H2O+ CO2 \u2191
NH4NO3+NaOH=NaNO3+NH3\u2191+H2O \u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u6e7f\u6da6\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u53d8\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u9a8c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u94f5\u6839\u79bb\u5b50
NH4Cl+ KOH= KCl+NH3\u2191+H2O \u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u6e7f\u6da6\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u53d8\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u6c14\u4f53 \u6c28\uff1aNH3
\u80fa\uff1a\u6c28\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6c22\u88ab\u70c3\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002
\u5206\u7c7b \u6309\u7167\u6c22\u88ab\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5206\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\u80fa\uff08\u4f2f\u80fa\uff09RNH2\u3001\u4e8c\u7ea7\u80fa(\u4ef2\u80fa)R2NH\u3001\u4e09\u7ea7\u80fa(\u53d4\u80fa)R3N\u3001\u56db\u7ea7\u94f5\u76d0\uff08\u5b63\u94f5\u76d0\uff09R4N+X-\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7532\u80faCH3NH2\u3001\u82ef\u80faC6H5NH2\u3001\u4e59\u4e8c\u80faH2NCH2CH2NH2\u3001\u4e8c\u5f02\u4e19\u80fa[\uff08CH3\uff092CH]2NH\u3001\u4e09\u4e59\u9187\u80fa(HOCH2CH2\uff093N\u3001\u6eb4\u5316\u56db\u4e01\u57fa\u94f5\uff08CH3CH2CH2CH2\uff094N+Br-\u3002
\u94f5\uff1a\u7531\u6c28\u884d\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79bb\u5b50NH4+\u6216\u57fa\u2015NH4,\u4e5f\u53eb\u201c\u94f5\u6839\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9633\u6027\u590d\u6839\uff0c\u7528\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u4e00\u4ef7\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u76d0\u7c7b\u79f0\u4e3a\u80fa\u76d0\u3002\u5982\u5316\u80a5\u786b\u94f5\u548c\u78b3\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u94f5\u3002
非金属单质 (F2 ,Cl2 , O2 , S, N2 , P , C , Si) 1, 氧化性: F2 + H2 === 2HF F2 +Xe(过量)===XeF2 (室温、紫外线照射) 2F2(过量)+Xe===XeF4 (400℃) 3F2+Xe=高压=XeF6 nF2 +2M===2MFn (表示大部分金属) 2F2 +2H2O===4HF+O2 2F2 +2NaOH===2NaF+OF2 +H2O F2 +2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2 F2 +2NaBr===2NaF+Br2 F2+2NaI ===2NaF+I2 F2 +Cl2 (等体积)===2ClF 3F2 (过量)+Cl2===2ClF3 7F2(过量)+I2 ===2IF7 Cl2 +H2 ===2HCl (点燃) 3Cl2 +2P===2PCl3 Cl2 +PCl3 ===PCl5 Cl2 +2Na===2NaCl 3Cl2 +2Fe===2FeCl3 Cl2 +2FeCl2 ===2FeCl3 Cl2+Cu===CuCl2 2Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2 Cl2 +2NaI ===2NaCl+I2 5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl Cl2 +Na2S===2NaCl+S Cl2 +H2S===2HCl+S Cl2+SO2 +2H2O===H2SO4 +2HCl Cl2 +H2O2 ===2HCl+O2 2O2 +3Fe===Fe3O4 O2+K===KO2 O2+2K=K2O2(燃烧) S+H2===H2S (加热) 2S+C===CS2 (加热) S+Fe===FeS (加热) S+2Cu===Cu2S (加热) 3S+2Al===Al2S3 S+Zn===ZnS (点燃) N2+3H2===2NH3 N2+3Mg===Mg3N2 (点燃) N2+3Ca===Ca3N2 N2+3Ba===Ba3N2 N2+6Na===2Na3N N2+6K===2K3N N2+6Rb===2Rb3N P2+6H2===4PH3 P+3Na===Na3P 2P+3Zn===Zn3P2 2.还原性 S+O2===SO2 (点燃) S+6HNO3(浓)===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O 3S+4 HNO3(稀)===3SO2+4NO+2H2O N2+O2===2NO 4P+5O2===P4O10(常写成P2O5) 2P+3X2===2PX3 (X表示F2,Cl2,Br2) PX3+X2===PX5 P4+20HNO3(浓)===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2O C+2F2===CF4 C+2Cl2===CCl4 2C+O2(少量)==点燃==2CO C+O2(足量)==点燃==CO2 C+CO2===2CO C+H2O==高温==CO+H2(生成水煤气) 2C+SiO2===Si+2CO(制得粗硅) Si(粗)+2Cl===SiCl4 (SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl) Si(粉)+O2===SiO2 Si+C===SiC(金刚砂) Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H2 3,(碱中)歧化 Cl2+H2O===HCl+HClO (加酸抑制歧化,加碱或光照促进歧化) Cl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2O 2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2===CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O 3Cl2+6KOH(热,浓)===5KCl+KClO3+3H2O 3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O 4P+3KOH(浓)+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO2 11P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4 3C+CaO===CaC2+CO 3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO2、金属单质(Na,Mg,Al,Fe)的还原性 2Na+H2===2NaH 4Na+O2===2Na2O 2Na2O+O2===2Na2O2 2Na+O2===Na2O2 2Na+S===Na2S(爆炸) 2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2 2Na+2NH3===2NaNH2+H2 4Na+TiCl4(熔融)===4NaCl+Ti Mg+Cl2===MgCl2 Mg+Br2===MgBr2 2Mg+O2===2MgO Mg+S===MgS Mg+2H2O===Mg(OH)2+H2 2Mg+TiCl4(熔融)===Ti+2MgCl2 Mg+2RbCl===MgCl2+2Rb 2Mg+CO2===2MgO+C 2Mg+SiO2===2MgO+Si Mg+H2S===MgS+H2 Mg+H2SO4===MgSO4+H2 2Al+3Cl2===2AlCl3 4Al+3O2===2Al2O3(钝化) 4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg 4Al+3MnO2===2Al2O3+3Mn 2Al+Cr2O3===Al2O3+2Cr 2Al+Fe2O3===Al2O3+2Fe 2Al+3FeO===Al2O3+3Fe 8Al+3Fe3O4===4Al2O3+9Fe 2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2 2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2 2Al+6H2SO4(浓)===Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O (Al,Fe在冷,浓的H2SO4,HNO3中钝化) Al+4HNO3(稀)===Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2 2Fe+3Br2===2FeBr3 Fe+I2===FeI2 Fe+S===FeS 3Fe+4H2O(g)===Fe3O4+4H2 Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H2 Fe+CuCl2===FeCl2+Cu Fe+SnCl4===FeCl2+SnCl2 (铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全 还原为单质锡 Fe+SnCl2==FeCl2+Sn)3、 非金属氢化物(HF,HCl,H2O,H2S,NH3) 1,还原性: 4HCl(浓)+MnO2===MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O 4HCl(g)+O2===2Cl2+2H2O 16HCl+2KMnO4===2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+8H2O 14HCl+K2Cr2O7===2KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2+7H2O 2H2O+2F2===4HF+O2 2H2S+3O2(足量)===2SO2+2H2O 2H2S+O2(少量)===2S+2H2O 2H2S+SO2===3S+2H2O H2S+H2SO4(浓)===S+SO2+2H2O 3H2S+2HNO(稀)===3S+2NO+4H2O 5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+5S+8H2O 3H2S+K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4===Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+3S+7H2O 2 高中化学方程式小结(仅供参考) H2S+4Na2O2+2H2O===Na2SO4+6NaOH 2NH3+3CuO===3Cu+N2+3H2O 2NH3+3Cl2===N2+6HCl 8NH3+3Cl2===N2+6NH4Cl 4NH3+3O2(纯氧)===2N2+6H2O 4NH3+5O2===4NO+6H2O 4NH3+6NO===5N2+6H2O(用氨清除NO) NaH+H2O===NaOH+H2 4NaH+TiCl4===Ti+4NaCl+2H2 CaH2+2H2O===Ca(OH)2+2H2 2,酸性: 4HF+SiO2===SiF4+2H2O (此反应广泛应用于测定矿样或钢样中SiO2的含量) 2HF+CaCl2===CaF2+2HCl H2S+Fe===FeS+H2 H2S+CuCl2===CuS+2HCl H2S+2AgNO3===Ag2S+2HNO3 H2S+HgCl2===HgS+2HCl H2S+Pb(NO3)2===PbS+2HNO3 H2S+FeCl2=== FeS+2HCl↑ 2NH3+2Na==2NaNH2+H2 (NaNH2+H2O===NaOH+NH3) 3,碱性: NH3+HCl===NH4Cl NH3+HNO3===NH4NO3 2NH3+H2SO4===(NH4)2SO4 NH3+NaCl+H2O+CO2===NaHCO3↓+NH4Cl (此反应用于工业制备小苏打,苏打) 4,不稳定性: 2HF===H2+F2 2HCl===H2+Cl2 2H2O===2H2+O2 2H2O2===2H2O+O2 H2S===H2+S 2NH3===N2+3H24、非金属氧化物 1,低价态的还原性: 2SO2+O2===2SO3 2SO2+O2+2H2O===2H2SO4 (这是SO2在大气中缓慢发生的环境化学反应) SO2+Cl2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HCl SO2+Br2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HBr SO2+I2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HI SO2+NO2===SO3+NO 2NO+O2===2NO2 NO+NO2+2NaOH===2NaNO2 (用于制硝酸工业中吸收尾气中的NO和NO2) 2CO+O2===2CO2 CO+CuO===Cu+CO2 3CO+Fe2O3===2Fe+3CO2 CO+H2O===CO2+H2 2,氧化性: SO2+2H2S===3S+2H2O SO3+2KI===K2SO3+I2 NO2+2KI+H2O===NO+I2+2KOH (不能用淀粉KI溶液鉴别溴蒸气和NO2) 4NO2+H2S===4NO+SO3+H2O 2NO2+Cu===4CuO+N2 CO2+2Mg===2MgO+C (CO2不能用于扑灭由Mg,Ca,Ba,Na,K等燃烧的火灾) SiO2+2H2===Si+2H2O SiO2+2Mg===2MgO+Si 3,与水的作用: SO2+H2O===H2SO3 SO3+H2O===H2SO4 3NO2+H2O===2HNO3+NO ↑ N2O5+H2O===2HNO3 P2O5+H2O===2HPO3 P2O5+3H2O===2H3PO4 (P2O5极易吸水,可作气体干燥剂) P2O5+3H2SO4(浓)===2H3PO4+3SO3 CO2+H2O===H2CO3 4,与碱性物质的作用: SO2+2NH3+H2O===(NH4)2SO3 SO2+(NH4)2SO3+H2O===2NH4HSO3 (这是硫酸厂回收SO2的反应.先用氨水吸收SO2, 再用H2SO4处理: 2NH4HSO3+H2SO4===(NH4)2SO4+2H2O+2SO2 生成的硫酸铵作化肥,SO2循环作原料气) SO2+Ca(OH)2===CaSO3+H2O (不能用澄清石灰水鉴别SO2和CO2.可用品红鉴别) SO3+MgO===MgSO4 SO3+Ca(OH)2===CaSO4+H2O CO2+2NaOH(过量)===Na2CO3+H2O CO2(过量)+NaOH===NaHCO3 CO2+Ca(OH)2(过量)===CaCO3+H2O 2CO2(过量)+Ca(OH)2===Ca(HCO3)2 CO2+2NaAlO2+3H2O===2Al(OH)3+Na2CO3 CO2+C6H5ONa+H2O===C6H5OH+NaHCO3 SiO2+CaO===CaSiO3 SiO2+2NaOH===Na2SiO3+H2O (常温下强碱缓慢腐蚀玻璃) SiO2+Na2CO3===Na2SiO3+CO2 ↑ SiO2+CaCO3===CaSiO3+CO2 ↑5、金属氧化物 1,低价态的还原性: 6FeO+O2===2Fe3O4 FeO+4HNO3===Fe(NO3)3+NO2↑+2H2O 2,氧化性: Na2O2+2Na===2Na2O (此反应用于制备Na2O) MgO,Al2O3几乎没有氧化性,很难被还原为Mg,Al. 一般通过电解制Mg和Al. Fe2O3+3H2===2Fe+3H2O (制还原铁粉) Fe3O4+4H2===3Fe+4H2O 3,与水的作用: Na2O+H2O===2NaOH 2Na2O2+2H2O===4NaOH+O2 ↑ (此反应分两步:Na2O2+2H2O===2NaOH+H2O2 ; 2H2O2===2H2O+O2↑. H2O2的制备可利用类似的反应: BaO2+H2SO4(稀)===BaSO4+H2O2) MgO+H2O===Mg(OH)2 (缓慢反应) 4,与酸性物质的作用: Na2O+SO3===Na2SO4 Na2O+CO2===Na2CO3 Na2O+2HCl===2NaCl+H2O 2Na2O2+2CO2===2Na2CO3+O2 Na2O2+H2SO4(冷,稀)===Na2SO4+H2O2 MgO+SO3===MgSO4 MgO+H2SO4===MgSO4+H2O Al2O3+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2O (Al2O3是两性氧化物: Al2O3+2NaOH===2NaAlO2+H2O) FeO+2HCl===FeCl2+3H2O Fe2O3+6HCl===2FeCl3+3H2O Fe2O3+3H2S(g)===Fe2S3+3H2O Fe3O4+8HCl===FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2O6、含氧酸 1,氧化性: 4HClO3+3H2S===3H2SO4+4HCl ↑ HClO3+HI===HIO3+HCl ↑ 3HClO+HI===HIO3+3HCl ↑ HClO+H2SO3===H2SO4+HCl ↑ HClO+H2O2===HCl+H2O+O2 ↑ (氧化性:HClO>HClO2>HClO3>HClO4, 但浓,热的HClO4氧化性很强) 2H2SO4(浓)+C===CO2↑+2SO2↑+2H2O 2H2SO4(浓)+S===3SO2↑+2H2O H2SO4+Fe(Al) 室温下钝化 6H2SO4(浓)+2Fe加热Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2↑+6H2O 2H2SO4(浓)+Cu===CuSO4+SO2↑+2H2O H2SO4(浓)+2HBr===SO2↑+Br2+2H2O H2SO4(浓)+2HI===SO2↑+I2+2H2O H2SO4(稀)+Fe===FeSO4+H2 ↑ 2H2SO3+2H2S===3S+2H2O 4HNO3(浓)+C===CO2+4NO2↑+2H2O 6HNO3(浓)+S===H2SO4+6NO2↑+2H2O 5HNO3(浓)+P===H3PO4+5NO2↑+H2O 6HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+3NO2↑+3H2O 4HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O 30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3N2O+15H2O 36HNO3+10Fe===10Fe(NO3)3+3N2↑+18H2O 30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O 2,还原性: H2SO3+X2+H2O===H2SO4+2HX (X表示Cl2,Br2,I2) 2H2SO3+O2===2H2SO4 H2SO3+H2O2===H2SO4+H2O 5H2SO3+2KMnO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+2H2SO4+3H2O H2SO3+2FeCl3+H2O===H2SO4+2FeCl2+2HCl ↑ 3,酸性: H2SO4(浓) +CaF2===CaSO4+2HF ↑ H2SO4(浓)+NaCl===NaHSO4+HCl ↑ H2SO4(浓) +2NaCl===Na2SO4+2HCl ↑ H2SO4(浓)+NaNO3===NaHSO4+HNO3 3H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===3CaSO4+2H3PO4 2H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===2CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2 3HNO3+Ag3PO4===H3PO4+3AgNO3 2HNO3+CaCO3===Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2 ↑ (用HNO3和浓H2SO4不能制备H2S,HI,HBr,(SO2) 等还原性气体) 4H3PO4+Ca3(PO4)2===3Ca(H2PO4)2(重钙) H3PO4(浓)+NaBr===NaH2PO4+HBr H3PO4(浓)+NaI===NaH2PO4+HI 4,不稳定性: 2HClO===2HCl+O2 ↑ 4HNO3===4NO2↑+O2↑+2H2O H2SO3===H2O+SO2 ↑ H2CO3===H2O+CO2 ↑ H4SiO4===H2SiO3+H2O7、碱 1,低价态的还原性: 4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O===4Fe(OH)3 2NaOH+SO2(少量)===Na2SO3+H2O NaOH+SO2(足量)===NaHSO3 1,与酸性物质的作用: 2NaOH+SiO2===NaSiO3+H2O 2NaOH+Al2O3===2NaAlO2+H2O 2NaOH+Cl2===NaCl+NaClO+H2O NaOH+HCl===NaCl+H2O NaOH+H2S(足量)===NaHS+H2O 2NaOH+H2S(少量)===Na2S+2H2O 3NaOH+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3NaCl NaOH+Al(OH)3===NaAlO2+2H2O (AlCl3和Al(OH)3哪个酸性强?) NaOH+NH4Cl===NaCl+NH3+H2O Mg(OH)2+2NH4Cl===MgCl2+2NH3.H2O Al(OH)3+NH4Cl 不溶解 3,不稳定性: Mg(OH)2===MgO+H2O 2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O 2Fe(OH)3===Fe2O3+3H2O Cu(OH)2===CuO+H2O8、盐 1,氧化性: 2FeCl3+Fe===3FeCl2 2FeCl3+Cu===2FeCl2+CuCl2 (用于雕刻铜线路版) 2FeCl3+Zn===2FeCl2+ZnCl2 FeCl3+Ag===FeCl2+AgCl Fe2(SO4)3+2Ag===FeSO4+Ag2SO4(较难反应) Fe(NO3)3+Ag 不反应 2FeCl3+H2S===2FeCl2+2HCl↑+S ↓ 2FeCl3+2KI===2FeCl2+2KCl+I2 FeCl2+Mg===Fe+MgCl2 2,还原性: 2FeCl2+Cl2===2FeCl3 3Na2S+8HNO3(稀)===6NaNO3+2NO↑+3S↓ +4H2O 3Na2SO3+2HNO3(稀)===3Na2SO4+2NO↑+H2O 2Na2SO3+O2===2Na2SO4 3,与碱性物质的作用: MgCl2+2NH3.H2O===Mg(OH)2↓ +NH4Cl AlCl3+3NH3.H2O===Al(OH)3↓ +3NH4Cl FeCl3+3NH3.H2O===Fe(OH)3↓ +3NH4Cl 4,与酸性物质的作用: Na3PO4+HCl===Na2HPO4+NaCl Na2HPO4+HCl===NaH2PO4+NaCl NaH2PO4+HCl===H3PO4+NaCl Na2CO3+HCl===NaHCO3+NaCl NaHCO3+HCl===NaCl+H2O+CO2 ↑ 3Na2CO3+2AlCl3+3H2O===2Al(OH)3↓ +3CO2↑+6NaCl 3Na2CO3+2FeCl3+3H2O===2Fe(OH)3↓ +3CO2↑+6NaCl 3NaHCO3+AlCl3===Al(OH)3↓ +3CO2 ↑ 3NaHCO3+FeCl3===Fe(OH)3↓ +3CO2 ↑ 3Na2S+Al2(SO4)3+6H2O===2Al(OH)3↓ +3H2S ↑ 3NaAlO2+AlCl3+6H2O===4Al(OH)3 ↓ 5,不稳定性: Na2S2O3+H2SO4===Na2SO4+S+SO2↑+H2O NH4HCO3===NH3+H2O+CO2 ↑ 2KNO3===2KNO2+O2 ↑ Cu(NO3)3===CuO+3NO2+O2 ↑ 2KMnO4===K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑ 2KClO3===2KCl+3O2 ↑ 2NaHCO3===Na2CO3+H2O+CO2 ↑ Ca(HCO3)2===CaCO3+H2O+CO2 ↑ CaCO3===CaO+CO2 ↑ MgCO3===MgO+CO2↑ H2SO3===H2O+SO2↑
为什么这么多这种问题呢,高中化学方程式非常多,就是都给你写出来了,你也背不下来的。况且,化学不是一门靠背的学科,我随便改一改反应物和产物,就能弄出一个你没见过的反应来,光靠死背方程式是没用的,务必要弄懂反应原理。
绛旓細1銆侀摑涓庣洂閰革細2AL+6HCL=2ALCL3+3H2 姘斾綋 2銆侀摑涓庣~閰革細2AL+3H2SO4=AL2(SO4)3+3H2姘斾綋 3銆侀摑涓庢阿姘у寲閽狅細2Al+2NaOH+H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2姘斾綋 4銆佹阿姘у寲閾濆姞鐑垎2Al(OH)3=锛堝姞鐑級Al2O3+H2O 5銆佺~閰搁摑涓庢皑姘达細Al2(SO4)3锛6NH3銆丠2O锛2Al(OH)3娌夋穩锛3(NH4)2SO4 6銆佹哀鍖栭摑涓庣洂閰...
绛旓細楂樹腑甯歌鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡濡備笅锛1銆侀晛鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2Mg+O2鐐圭噧2MgO銆2銆侀搧鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛3Fe+2O2鐐圭噧Fe3O4銆3銆侀摐鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鍙楃儹锛2Cu+O2鍔犵儹2CuO銆4銆侀摑鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛4Al+3O2鐐圭噧2Al2O3銆5銆佹阿姘斾腑绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2H2+O2鐐圭噧2H2O銆6銆佺孩纾峰湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э紙鐮旂┒绌烘皵缁勬垚鐨勫疄楠岋級锛4P+5O2鐐圭噧2P2O5...
绛旓細2SO2 + O2 + 2H2O === 2H2SO4(杩欐槸SO2鍦ㄥぇ姘斾腑缂撴參鍙戠敓鐨勭幆澧冨寲瀛﹀弽搴)SO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O === H2SO4 + 2HClSO2 + Br2 + 2H2O === H2SO4 + 2HBrSO2 + I2 + 2H2O === H2SO4 + 2HISO2 + NO2 === SO3 + NO2NO + O2 === 2NO2NO + NO2 + 2NaOH === 2NaNO2(鐢ㄤ簬鍒剁...
绛旓細楂樹腑鍖栧鎵鏈夌殑鍖栧鏂圭▼寮 涓. 闈為噾灞炲崟璐紙F2锛孋l2,O2,S,N2,P,C,Si锛1銆佹哀鍖栨э細F2+H2===2HF F2+Xe(杩囬噺)===XeF2 2F2锛堣繃閲忥級+Xe===XeF4 nF2+2M===2MFn(琛ㄧず澶ч儴鍒嗛噾灞) 2F2+2H2O===4HF+O2 2F2+2NaOH===2NaF+OF2+H2O F2+2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2 F2+2NaBr===2NaF+Br2 F2+...
绛旓細1銆佺~閰告牴绂诲瓙鐨勬楠: BaCl2 + Na2SO4 = BaSO4鈫+ 2NaCl 2銆佺⒊閰告牴绂诲瓙鐨勬楠: CaCl2 + Na2CO3 = CaCO3鈫 + 2NaCl 3銆佺⒊閰搁挔涓庣洂閰稿弽搴: Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2鈫 4銆佹湪鐐繕鍘熸哀鍖栭摐: 2CuO + C 楂樻俯 2Cu + CO2鈫 5銆侀搧鐗囦笌纭吀閾滄憾娑插弽搴: Fe + CuSO4 = FeSO4 +...
绛旓細楂樹腑鎵鏈夊寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡[鎺ㄨ崘] 闈為噾灞炲崟璐(F2 ,Cl2 , O2 , S, N2 , P , C , Si) 1, 姘у寲鎬: F2 + H2 === 2HF F2 +Xe(杩囬噺)===XeF2 2F2(杩囬噺)+Xe===XeF4 nF2 +2M===2MFn (琛ㄧず澶ч儴鍒嗛噾灞) 2F2 +2H2O===4HF+O2 2F2 +2NaOH===2NaF+OF2 +H2O F2 +2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2 F2 +2NaB...
绛旓細4銆佹阿姘斿湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2H2 + O2 鐐圭噧 2H2O 5銆佺孩纾峰湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細4P + 5O2 鐐圭噧 2P2O5 6銆佺~绮夊湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細 S + O2 鐐圭噧 SO2 7銆佺⒊鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鍏呭垎鐕冪儳锛欳 + O2 鐐圭噧 CO2 8銆佺⒊鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑涓嶅厖鍒嗙噧鐑э細2C + O2 鐐圭噧 2CO 9銆佷簩姘у寲纰抽氳繃鐏肩儹纰冲眰锛 C + CO2 楂樻俯 2CO 10銆佷竴姘у寲纰...
绛旓細楂樹腑甯歌冪殑鍖栧鏂圭▼寮鏈夊緢澶氾紝浠ヤ笅鏄竴浜涘父瑙佺殑锛1.姘у寲杩樺師鍙嶅簲锛2H_+O_鈫2H_O锛堟阿姘斾笌姘ф皵鐢熸垚姘达級2KClO_鈫2KCl+3O_锛堟隘閰搁捑鍒嗚В浜х敓姘寲閽惧拰姘ф皵锛4Fe+3O_鈫2Fe_O_锛堥搧涓庢哀姘斿弽搴旂敓鎴愰搧姘у寲鐗╋級2.閰哥⒈涓拰鍙嶅簲锛欻Cl+NaOH鈫扤aCl+H_O锛堢洂閰镐笌姘㈡哀鍖栭挔鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚姘寲閽犲拰姘达級H_SO_+2KOH鈫扠...
绛旓細Na2SiO3 + 2CO2 + 3H2O = 2NaHCO3 + H4SiO4鈫撶閰搁挔涓庣洂閰稿弽搴旓細Na2SiO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2SiO3鈫撴隘姘斾笌閲戝睘閾佸弽搴旓細2Fe + 3Cl2 鐐圭噧 2FeCl3(Cl2鍏锋湁寮烘哀鍖栨ц兘灏咶e姘у寲涓変环Fe )姘皵涓庢隘鍖栦簹閾佸弽搴旓細Cl2 +2FeCl2 =2FeCl3姘皵涓庨噾灞為摐鍙嶅簲锛欳u + Cl2 鐐圭噧 CuCl2楂樹腑蹇呰儗鍖栧鏂圭▼寮浜...
绛旓細甯歌鐨鍖栧鏂圭▼寮姹囨1 1. 闀佸湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧 2MgO 2. 閾佸湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧 Fe3O4 3. 閾滃湪绌烘皵涓彈鐑細2Cu + O2 鍔犵儹 2CuO 4. 閾濆湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細4Al + 3O2 鐐圭噧 2Al2O3 5. 姘㈡皵涓┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2H2 + O2 鐐圭噧 2H2O 6. 绾㈢7鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛4P + ...