ip\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f

\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5206tcp\uff0cudp \u4e24\u79cd
\u5982\u679c\u5355\u6307ip\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u9762\u5411\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f

IP\u5730\u5740\u6839\u636e\u7f51\u7edcID\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u4e3a5\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cA\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u3001B\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u3001C\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u3001D\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u548cE\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u3002
1\u3001A\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740
\u4e00\u4e2aA\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6307\uff0c \u5728IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u56db\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u53f7\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cA\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u75311\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c3\u5b57\u8282\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c0\u201d\u3002
A\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a24\u4f4d\uff0cA\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u6709126\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u8fbe1600\u591a\u4e07\u53f0\u3002
A\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740 \u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f41.0.0.1\u5230127.255.255.254 [1] \uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a00000001 00000000 00000000 00000001 - 01111111 11111111 11111111 11111110\uff09\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002
A\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.0.0.0\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u4e3a256\u76843\u6b21\u65b9-2=16777214\u53f0\u3002

2\u3001B\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740
\u4e00\u4e2aB\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u5728IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u56db\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u4e24\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cB\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u75312\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c2\u5b57\u8282\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7ec4\u6210\u3002
\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c10\u201d\u3002B\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a16\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a16\u4f4d\uff0cB\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u670916384\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6570\u4e3a6\u4e07\u591a\u53f0\u3002
B\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4128.0.0.1-191.255.255.254\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a10000000 00000000 00000000 00000001----10111111 11111111 11111111 11111110\uff09\u3002 \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002
B\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.0.0\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u4e3a256\u76842\u6b21\u65b9-2=65534\u53f0\u3002

3\u3001C\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740
\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u5728IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u56db\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u4e09\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u53f7\u7801\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u53f7\u7801\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cC\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u75313\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c1\u5b57\u8282\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c110\u201d\u3002
C\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a24\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a8\u4f4d\uff0cC\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u6709209\u4e07\u4f59\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b254\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002
C\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4192.0.0.1-223.255.255.254 \uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e3a: 11000000 00000000 00000000 00000001 - 11011111 11111111 11111111 11111110\uff09\u3002
C\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.255.0\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u4e3a256-2=254\u53f0\u3002

4\u3001D\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740
D\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u88ab\u53eb\u505a\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740(multicast address)\uff0c\u5373\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u547d\u540d\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c1110\u201d\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u4ece224.0.0.0\u5230239.255.255.255\u3002

5\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7f51\u5740
\uff081\uff09\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u4e3a0\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff08\u201c0.0.0.0\u201d\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\uff1b
\uff082\uff09IP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u4e3a1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff08\u201c255\uff0e255\uff0e255\uff0e255\u201d\uff09\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff1b
\uff083\uff09IP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u51e1\u662f\u4ee5\u201c11110\u201d\u5f00\u5934\u7684E\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u4fdd\u7559\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6765\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\uff084\uff09IP\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u201c127\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u6570\u5b57127\uff0e0\uff0e0\uff0e1\u5230127\uff0e255\uff0e255\uff0e255\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u8def\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002
\u5982\uff1a127.0.0.1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u673aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7528\u201chttp://127.0.0.1\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u672c\u673a\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002
\uff085\uff09\u7f51\u7edcID\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a6\u4f4d\u7ec4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c0\u201d\uff0c\u5168\u201c0\u201d\u8868\u793a\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u3002
ip\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u52a8\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u3002
1\u3001\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740
\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u800c\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e45\u7684Internet\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8bb8\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5730\u533a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4e3a\u8be5\u7279\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684Internet\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff08ISP\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7eac\u5ea6\u548c\u7ecf\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002
2\u3001\u52a8\u6001IP\u5730\u5740
\u52a8\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bIP\u5730\u5740\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Internet\u65f6\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4eceIP\u5730\u5740\u6c60\u4e2d\u501f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6570\u91cf\u6709\u9650\uff0cISP\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u4eab\u3002
\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5982\u52a8\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002
\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662fIP\u7248\u672c4\uff08IPv4\uff09\u548cIP\u7248\u672c6\uff08IPv6\uff09\u3002
3\u3001IP\u7248\u672c4\uff08IPv4\uff09
IPv4\u4f7f\u752832\u4f4dIP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u5927IP\u5730\u5740\u6570\u4e3a2 32\u62164,294,967,296\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u8fc740\u4ebf\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002IPv4\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a8\u4f4d\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a8\u4f4d\u5b57\u6bb5\u8868\u793aIPv4\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002
IPv4\u5bfb\u5740\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u4e3a\u4e94\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4e94\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u7531IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516b\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u6807\u8bc6\u3002
IPv4\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
1\uff09A\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff1b
2\uff09B\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff1b
3\uff09C\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff1b
4\uff09D\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff1b
5\uff09E\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u3002
4\u3001IP\u7248\u672c6\uff08IPv6\uff09
IPv6\u662fInternet\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cIPv4\u7684\u5168\u7403\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002IPv6\u662f\u7531\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4\uff08IETF\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002IPv6\u65e8\u5728\u53d6\u4ee3IPv4\u3002
IPv6\u4f7f\u7528128\u4f4d\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb82128\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u7ea63.4\u00d71038\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u91cf\u7565\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u8303\u56f4\u4fdd\u7559\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u9014\u6216\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002IPv6\u5730\u5740\u75318\u7ec4\u56db\u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7ec4\u7531\u5192\u53f7\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a2001\uff1a0db8\uff1a0000\uff1a0042\uff1a0000\uff1a8a2e\uff1a0370\uff1a7334\u3002

\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a

\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u4e13\u7528\uff08\u79c1\u6709\uff09IP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a
1\u3001\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7c7bIP\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528192.168.2.0--192.168.254.0\u6bb5IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u5bbd\u5e26\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u65e0\u7ebf\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff09\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982ICS\uff09\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914dIP\u5730\u5740\u529f\u80fd\u3002
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2\u3001\u53ef\u91c7\u7528C\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u53d8\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u8d85\u8fc7250\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002
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3\u3001\u5373\u4f7f\u9009\u752810.0.0.1--10.255.255.254\u6216172.16.0.1--172.31.255.254\u6bb5IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528255.255.255.0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684IP\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002
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