英语短文
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TFTFT
British Columbia is the third largest Canadian province, both in areaand population. It is nearly 1.5 times as large as Texas, and extends
800 miles (1,280km) north from the United States border. It includes
Canada's entire west coast and the islands just off the coast.
Most of British Columbia is mountainous, with long rugged ranges running
north and south. Even the coastal islands are the remains of a mountain
range that existed thousands of years ago. During the last Ice Age, this
range was scoured by glaciers until most of it was beneath the sea. Its
peaks now show as islands scattered along the coast.
The southwestern coastal region has a humid mild marine climate. Sea
winds that blow inland from the west are warmed by a current of warm
water that flows through the Pacific Ocean. As a result, winter
temperatures average above freezing and summers are mild. These warm
western winds also carry moisture from the ocean.
Inland from the coast, the winds from the Pacific meet the mountain
barriers of the coastal ranges and the Rocky Mountains. As they rise to
cross the mountains, the winds are cooled, and their moisture begins to
fall as rain. On some of the western slopes almost 200 inches (500cm) of
rain fall each year.
More than half of British Columbia is heavily forested. On mountain slopes
that receive plentiful rainfall, huge Douglas firs rise in towering
columns. These forest giants often grow to be as much as 300 feet (90m)
tall, with diameters up to 10 feet (3m). More lumber is produced from these
trees than from any other kind of tree in North America. Hemlock, red
cedar, and balsam fir are among the other trees found in British Columbia.
英属哥伦比亚
英属哥伦比亚是加拿大的第三大省，无论是面积还是人口都是如此。 它几乎是德克萨 斯的 1.5 倍，从美国边境一直向北延伸了 800 英里(1，280
公里)。 它包括了加拿大整个西 海岸及附近岛屿。 大部分英属哥伦比亚多山峦。 绵长而粗犷的山脉贯通南北。 甚至那些
沿海的岛屿都是那些存在于千万年前的山脉的遗迹。 在上一个冰河时期，这些山脉被冰河 冲刷侵蚀，直到大部分山脉被淹没在海中。
它们的峰顶显现为沿着海岸散布的岛屿。 西南 海岸地区有着潮湿温和的海洋性气候。 从太平洋来的温暖的洋流使得从西吹过内陆的海风 变得温暖。
因此这儿冬天平均气温在零上而且夏天也不会酷热。 这些温暖的西风同样也从 海洋带来了湿气。
来自太平洋的、从海岸向内陆的风遇到海岸山脉和落基山脉这些山脉屏 障。 当气流升高跨越这些山脉时，风的温度就降低了，风中的水分形成降雨。 在一些朝西
山坡区域每年大约有 200 英寸(500 厘米)的降水。 大部分英属哥伦比亚密布着森林。 在有 充足降水的斜坡，巨大的道格拉斯枞树高耸入云。
这些森林巨人常常长到高达 300 英尺(90 米)，直径粗达 10 英尺(3 米)。 这些树产出了比北美其他任何树都多的木材。 铁杉、红香
椿、香脂冷杉枞都是发现于英属哥伦比亚的其它树种。
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term"icebox"had entered the American
language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary
citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of
cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some
forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and
butter. After the Civil War
(1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into
household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York,
Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and
Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible
because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the
modern refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the
early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was
essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense
notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was
of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the
cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the
ice in blankets, which kept
the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth
century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and
circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been
on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of
Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When
he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he
found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of
his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard
in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, more explained, was
that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to
keep their produce cool.
冰箱的由来
直到 19 世纪中期，"冰箱"这个名词才进入了美国语言，但冰仅仅只是开始影响美国普 通市民的饮食。 冰的买卖随着城市的发展而发展。
冰被用在旅馆、酒馆、医院以及被一些 有眼光的城市商人用于肉、鱼和黄油的保鲜。 内战(1861-1865)之后，冰被用于冷藏货车， 同时也进入了民用。
甚至在 1880 年前，半数在纽约、费城和巴尔的摩销售的冰，三分之一
在波士顿和芝加哥销售的冰进入家庭使用，因为一种新的家庭设备，冰箱，即现代冰箱的前 身，被发明了。 制造一台有效率的冰箱不像我们想象的那么简单。
19 世纪早期，关于对 冷藏科学至关重要的热物理知识是很浅陋的。 认为最好的冰箱应该防止冰的融化这样一个
普遍的观点显然是错误的，因为正是冰的融化起了制冷作用。 早期为节省冰的努力，包括 用毯子把冰包起来，使得冰不能发挥它的作用。 直到近 19
世纪末，发明家们才成功地找到 有效率的冰箱所需要的精确的隔热和循环的精确平衡。 但早在 1803 年，一位有发明天才的
马里兰农场主，托马斯•莫尔，找到了正确方法。 他拥有一个农场，离华盛顿约 20 英里， 那里的乔治镇村庄是集市中心。
当他用自己设计的冰箱运送黄油去市场时，他发现顾客们 会走过装在竞争者桶里那些迅速融化的黄油而给他比市价更高的价格买他仍然新鲜坚硬，整
齐地切成一磅一块的黄油。 莫尔说他的冰箱的一个好处是使得农民们不必在夜里上路去市 场以保持他们产品的低温。
绛旓細鑻辫鍙ｈ鏂囩珷鐭枃绡囦竴 As we slowly drove down the street on that cold December evening we spotted the porch light. "This must be the house." I told our "Positive Teens In Action" group. We pulled up in front of an older home with the porch light glowing. We gathered...
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绛旓細鑻辫鐭枃鍐欎綔鏄繍鐢ㄨ瑷鐨勫皷绔珮绾ц〃杈炬柟寮,鑻辫鐭枃琛ㄨ揪鍦伴亾娴佺晠銆佹纭忓交鍦拌〃杈捐鐐广備笅闈㈡槸鎴戝甫鏉ョ殑鑻辫鐭瘒 鏂囩珷 璧忔瀽,娆㈣繋闃呰! 鑻辫鐭瘒鏂囩珷璧忔瀽1 Things My 25-Year-Old Self Would Like to Tell Me on My 50th Birthday** 25宀佺殑鎴戝啓缁50宀佺殑鎴 Don't try so hard to be respectable. Speak from ...
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绛旓細鎴戜滑鐨勪汉鐢熼渶瑕佷竴浜涘姳蹇楁鑳介噺鐨'鏁呬簨鏉ユ縺鍔辨垜浠備笅闈㈡垜甯︽潵鐨勬槸鑻辫灏鐭枃鍔卞織鏁呬簨锛屽笇鏈涘浣犳湁甯姪锛佽嫳璇皬鐭枃鍔卞織鏁呬簨 绡1 Young people are excited, young people are strong, young people work hard, and young people hope. In another Youth Day approaching, bless you, my dear friend,...
绛旓細1.濂ヨ繍浼氬織鎰胯呭伐浣滃皬缁勶細浣犲ソ锛佹垜鍙潕鍗庯紝鏄寳浜鍥涗腑瀛︾殑瀛︾敓锛屾垜鍚鍖椾含濂ヨ繍浼氬湪鎷涘嫙蹇楁効鑰咃紝鎴戦潪甯搁珮鍏达紝鎯虫垚涓轰綘浠腑鐨勪竴鍛樸傛垜浜ら檯鑳藉姏寰堝ソ锛岀Н鏋佸弬鍔犲鏍＄殑鍚勯」娲诲姩锛屽彇寰椾簡寰堝鎴愮哗銆傛垜鐑埍浣撹偛锛岀Н鏋佸弬鍔犱綋鑲查敾鐐硷紝鏄彮绾х鐞冮槦鐨勪富鍔涖傛垜寰堝枩娆鑻辫锛屽湪鍚勯棬瀛︾閲岋紝鑻辫鎴愮哗鏈濂斤紝鑻辫鍙ｈ鑳藉姏...
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