英语 在什么情况下用 动名词？ 在什么情况下用 不定式？？ 英语中动名词在什么情况下用

\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1f

\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5305\u62ec\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3002\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f,\u5206\u8bcd\u53c8\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u6765\u7684,\u4f46\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed,\u6545\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\u6d45\u6790\u5982\u4e0b: \u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5747\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u8868\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u4e2a\u522b\u7684\u6216\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6,\u8981\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000My job is to teach the first-year students grammar. \u3000\u3000To study English well is very important. \u3000\u3000\u5728\u8868\u793a\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6,\u4e8c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u6362\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000To climb mountains is a good form of exercise. \u3000\u3000Climbing mountains is a good form of exercise. \u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u3000\u30001.\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6,\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb,\u53ea\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u9014,\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000There is a swimming pool in our school. \u3000\u30002.\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6,\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb,\u8868\u793a\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000Listen to the singing bird. \u3000\u3000Who is the boy running towards us\u3002\u3000\u30003.\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6,\u5f53\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6307\u4eba\u65f6,\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He is always the first to come to school. \u3000\u3000\u5f53\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6307\u7269\u65f6,\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I have a meeting to attend. \u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd,\u9700\u52a0\u4e0a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I have no room to live in. \u3000\u3000There is nothing for me to worry about. \u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u5747\u53ef\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u65f6,\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f,\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I heard him knock at the door three times.(=I heard he knocked at the door three times (\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f) \u3000\u3000\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u65f6,\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I heard him knocking at the door.(= I heard he was knocking at the door.(\u52a8\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c) \u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I found the glass broken.(= I found the glass was broken.) \u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f:\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u65f6,\u5728\u52a8\u8bcdmake,let,have,see,notice,hear,watch, observe,feel,listen to\u7b49\u540e\u9762\u8981\u7701\u7565\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7b26\u53f7to\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000I hear him play. \u3000\u3000The teacher made him do the exercises again. \u3000\u3000help\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u65f6,\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7b26\u53f7to\u53ef\u52a0\u53ef\u4e0d\u52a0\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He often helps me to study English in his spare time. \u3000\u3000\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u65f6,\u539f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0ato\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He was seen to repair the machine. \u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5747\u53ef\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u3000\u30001.\u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed: hope, agree, decide, manage, wish, refuse, dare, promise\u7b49\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He has promised to lend me the dictionary. \u3000\u30002.\u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed: enjoy, finish, avoid, practise, mind, escape, excuse, suggest, consider(\u8003\u8651), give up, can't help\u7b49\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He wants to give up smoking. \u3000\u3000They practise speaking English every day. \u3000\u30003.\u5728\u52a8\u8bcdremember,forget,regret,stop,try\u7b49\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6216\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6,\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He forgot telling me the news.\u4ed6\u5fd8\u4e86\u66fe\u7ecf\u544a\u8bc9\u8fc7\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u3000\u3000He forgot to tell me the news.\u4ed6\u5fd8\u4e86\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u3002\u3000\u3000\u4e94\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u5747\u53ef\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a"\u76ee\u7684"\u6216"\u7a0b\u5ea6";\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a"\u4f34\u968f\u60c5\u51b5"\u3002"\u65f6\u95f4"\u6216"\u539f\u56e0"\u7b49\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000He went to the library to borrow a book (\u8868\u76ee\u7684) \u3000\u3000The boy sat at the desk reading a book.(\u8868\u4f34\u968f\u60c5\u51b5) \u3000\u3000\u516d\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5747\u6709\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784:for sb.(not) to do sth. \u3000\u3000\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784:\u540d\u8bcd\u6240\u6709\u683c\u6216\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6027\u7269\u4e3b\u4ee3\u8bcd+\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5982: \u3000\u3000It's important for us to learn English well. \u3000\u3000He prided himself upon his dancing.

\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5177\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u8865\u8bed\u3002

1\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u4e8b\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u4e8b\u3002
\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5355\u4e09\u5f62\u5f0f\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0Ing,\u4f7f\u8be5\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u52a8\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u540d\u8bcd\u7075\u6d3b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
2\u3001\u4f5c\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed
\u67d0\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u975e\u9650\u5b9a\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3002
3\u3001\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed
\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u65f6\u53e5\u5b50\u4e3b\u8bed\u5e38\u662f\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6216what\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u8868\u8bed\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8bed\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5bf9\u7b49\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u53ef\u4e92\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u8868\u8bed\u540c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
4\u3001\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed
\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u5f80\u5f80\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u8bcd\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u3002

\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599
\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a
1\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u5176\u533a\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a
1\uff09\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8bed\u6307\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u201c\u662f\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u628a\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u8868\u8bed\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e92\u6362\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u610f\u601d\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
Her hobby is running.
\u53ef\u6539\u4e3aRunning is her hobby.
2\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e92\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
The race is exciting.
\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u4e3a\uff1aExciting is the race.
2\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u5176\u533a\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a
\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\u6027\u8d28\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
a sleeping child \u548c a sleeping car
\u524d\u8005\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u7761\u89c9\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u5373a child who is sleeping\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcdsleeping \u8868\u793a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd child \u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002
\u540e\u8005\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u5367\u8f66(\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u7761\u89c9\u7684\u8f66\u53a2)\u201d\uff0c\u5373 a car which is used for sleeping\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd sleeping \u8868\u793acar \u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002

1动名词可以用来做主语，比如，Drinking is harmful . 喝酒有害健康。
2在一些动词的动名词形式放在go的后面，这时必须要用动名词，比如，bike 可以做动词，也可以做名词，都表示自行车的意思，但是，我们会说，I like to go biking.我喜欢骑自行车。
3还有是在一些介词的后面必须要用动名词，比如，He spent the money in smoking.它把钱花在抽烟上面了。类似的介词还有on , about ,等等，to 要看情况，有时候跟它后面的动词要用原形，有时要用动名词形式！

扩展阅读：什么时候动名词做开头 ... 英语什么后面加动名词 ... 英语中全部的动名词 ... 翻译成中文 ... 英语常用动名词20个 ... 英语动名词该怎么运用 ... 动名词该什么时候用 ... 动名词的13种用法 ... 动名词在什么情况下使用 ...