词性变化规律 英语词性转换规律
\u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u89c4\u5219 \u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u89c4\u5219
\u3000\u3000\u8bcd\u6027\u6307\u4ee5\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5212\u5206\u8bcd\u7c7b\u7684\u6839\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u8bcd\u6027\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u5927\u5bb6!
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\u3000\u30001. \u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u52a0-y\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5929\u6c14\u6709\u5173\u7684\u540d\u8bcd)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u5982\u679c\u540d\u8bcd\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u8bcd\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u5982\uff1asun—sunny, fun—funny\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30002)\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684`\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1anoise—noisy, ice—icy \u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30002. \u4e00\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ful\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30003. \u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ese, -ish\u6216-n\u6784\u6210\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u7c4d\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aChina—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(\u6ce8\u610fCanada—Canadian)\u3002
\u3000\u30004.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ous\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adanger—dangerous\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30005. \u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ly\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1afriend—friendly, love—lovely\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30006.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-less\u6784\u6210\u542b\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare—careless(\u7c97\u5fc3\u7684)\uff0cuse—useless(\u65e0\u7528\u7684)\uff0chope—hopeless(\u6ca1\u5e0c\u671b\u7684)\uff0chome—homeless(\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u7684)\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30007. \u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5-ence\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u628aence\u6539\u4e3aent\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adifference—different, silence—silent\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\u3000\u30001.\u8bcd\u5f62\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8bcd\u6027\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork, study, water, plant\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
\u3000\u30002. \u4e00\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a-er\u6216-or\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8868\u793a“\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba”\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-r\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adrive—driver, write—writer\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30002)\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u672b\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0-er\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arun—runner, win—winner\uff0c begin—beginner\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30003. \u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ing\u53d8\u6210\u540d\u8bcd(\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u540c)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ly\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u526f\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aquick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly \u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\u3000\u30001. \u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5“\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd+y”\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8981\u628ay\u6539\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ahappy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily \u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30002. \u6709\u4e9b\u4ee5-ble\u6216-le\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u53bb\u6389e\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apossible—possibly, terrible—terribly\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30003. \u5c11\u6570\u4ee5e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8981\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1atrue—truly\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ee5e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u4ecd\u7136\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apolite—politely, wide—widely\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u30004. \u4ee5-l\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ly\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u52a0-y\u3002\u9664\u975e\u662f\u4ee5-ll\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u624d\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ausual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefully, full—fully\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4e3e\u4f8b
\u3000\u3000(1)v.-n.\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c
\u3000\u3000post-postage mail-mail
\u3000\u3000weigh-weight advise-advice
\u3000\u3000(2)v.-n.-a.\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u540d\u8bcd-\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000act-actor / actress-active
\u3000\u3000change-change-changeable
\u3000\u3000(3) v.-a.-ad.-n.\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u540d\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000fill-full
\u3000\u3000need-necessary-necessarily
\u3000\u3000interest(v. / n.) interested /interesting
\u3000\u3000(4)n. a. n. a.\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000person personal ( \u4e2a\u4eba\u7684; \u79c1\u4eba\u7684 )
\u3000\u3000fun funny
\u3000\u3000(5)n. pl. n. pl.\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570
\u3000\u3000gentleman gentlemen human humans
\u3000\u3000(6)a. ad. a. ad.\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000possible possibly probable probably
\u3000\u3000(7)a. ad. n.\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u540d\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000true truly truth
\u3000\u3000lucky luckily luck
\u3000\u3000(8)\u539f\u7ea7 \u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea7 \u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7
\u3000\u3000far farther / further farthest / furthest
\u3000\u3000little less least
;
1. \u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u52a0-y\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5929\u6c14\u6709\u5173\u7684\u540d\u8bcd)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arain\u2014rainy, cloud\u2014cloudy, wind\u2014windy, snow\u2014snowy, health\u2014healthy, luck\u2014lucky\u7b49\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u5982\u679c\u540d\u8bcd\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u8bcd\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u5982\uff1asun\u2014sunny, fun\u2014funny\u7b49\u3002
2)\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1anoise\u2014noisy, ice\u2014icy \u7b49\u3002
2. \u4e00\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ful\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare\u2014careful, thank\u2014thankful, help\u2014helpful, use\u2014useful, beauty\u2014beautiful\u7b49\u3002
3. \u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ese, -ish\u6216-n\u6784\u6210\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u7c4d\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aChina\u2014Chinese, Japan\u2014Japanese, England\u2014English, America\u2014American, India\u2014Indian, Australia \u2014Australian(\u6ce8\u610fCanada\u2014Canadian)\u3002
4.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ous\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adanger\u2014dangerous\u7b49\u3002
5. \u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ly\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1afriend\u2014friendly, love\u2014lovely\u7b49\u3002
6.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-less\u6784\u6210\u542b\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare\u2014careless(\u7c97\u5fc3\u7684)\uff0cuse\u2014useless(\u65e0\u7528\u7684)\uff0chope\u2014hopeless(\u6ca1\u5e0c\u671b\u7684)\uff0chome\u2014homeless(\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u7684)\u7b49\u3002
7. \u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5-ence\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u628aence\u6539\u4e3aent\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adifference\u2014different, silence\u2014silent\u7b49\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
1.\u8bcd\u5f62\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8bcd\u6027\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork, study, water, plant\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
2. \u4e00\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a-er\u6216-or\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u201c\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork\u2014worker, teach\u2014teacher, sing\u2014singer, jump\u2014jumper, play\u2014player, learn\u2014learner, visit\u2014visitor, invent\u2014inventor\u7b49\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-r\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adrive\u2014driver, write\u2014writer\u7b49\u3002
2)\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u672b\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0-er\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arun\u2014runner, win\u2014winner\uff0c begin\u2014beginner\u7b49\u3002
3. \u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ing\u53d8\u6210\u540d\u8bcd(\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u540c)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a meet\u2014meeting, build\u2014building, wait\u2014waiting, wash\u2014washing, swim\u2014swimming, shop\u2014shopping, begin\u2014beginning\u7b49\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ly\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u526f\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aquick\u2014quickly, slow\u2014slowly, loud\u2014loudly, sudden\u2014suddenly \u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
1. \u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5\u201c\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd+y\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8981\u628ay\u6539\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ahappy\u2014happily, angry\u2014angrily, lucky\u2014luckily, heavy\u2014heavily, noisy\u2014noisily \u7b49\u3002
2. \u6709\u4e9b\u4ee5-ble\u6216-le\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u53bb\u6389e\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apossible\u2014possibly, terrible\u2014terribly\u7b49\u3002
3. \u5c11\u6570\u4ee5e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8981\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1atrue\u2014truly\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ee5e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u4ecd\u7136\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apolite\u2014politely, wide\u2014widely\u7b49\u3002
4. \u4ee5-l\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ly\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u52a0-y\u3002\u9664\u975e\u662f\u4ee5-ll\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u624d\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ausual\u2014usually, careful\u2014carefully, useful\u2014usefully, full\u2014fully\u7b49\u3002
词性变化规律如下：
1、单音节词加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
tall（高的） taller tallest
great（巨大的） greater greatest
2、以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r，-st。
nice（好的） nicer nicest
large（大的） larger largest
able（有能力的） abler ablest
3、以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est。
big（大的） bigger biggest
hot热的） hotter hottest
red红色的 redder reddest
4、"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est。
easy（容易的） easier easiest
busy（忙的） busier busiest
5、以ly结尾的副词，除early-earlier-earliest，其他都是加moremost。
Slowly-more slowly-most slowly
Bravely-more bravely-most bravely
quickly-more quickly-most quickly
6、少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est。
clever（聪明的） cleverer cleverest
narrow（窄的） narrower narrowest
7、其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more， most来构成比较级和最高级。
important（重要的） more important most important
easily（容易地） more easily most easily
8、一些词的比较级和最高级，可以加-er或-est，也可以加more或most，如:clever， polite等。
9、有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。
good/well→better→best
bad/ ill/badly→worse→worst
many/much→more→most
little→less→least
far→farther→farthest（表示距离）/far→further→furthest（表示程度）
绛旓細鑻辫璇嶆ц浆鎹竷澶ц鍒欏涓嬫墍绀恒1銆佸姩璇嶈浆鍖栦负鍚嶈瘝锛宲ost-postage锛宮ail-mail锛寃eigh-weight锛宎dvise-advice銆2銆佸姩璇嶈浆鍖栨垚鍚嶈瘝锛嶅舰瀹硅瘝act-actor / actress-active锛宑hange-change-changeable銆3銆佸姩璇嶈浆鍖栨垚褰㈠璇嶏紝鍓瘝锛屽悕璇峟ill-full锛宯eed-necessary-necessarily锛宨nterest-interested /interesting銆4銆佸悕璇...
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